scholarly journals Impacto psicológico de la pandemia de COVID-19: Efectos negativos y positivos en población española asociados al periodo de confinamiento nacional

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonifacio Sandín ◽  
Rosa M. Valiente ◽  
Julia García-Escalera ◽  
Paloma Chorot
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

 Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has been spreading rapidly in Spain. The objective of this work was to examine the psychological impact of the pandemic and the Spanish national quarantine that took place during March and April 2020. We investigated the prevalence of fear of coronavirus, emotional symptoms and sleep problems. We also examined possible positive effects. A sample of 1,161 participants (aged 19 to 84 years) completed online the Coronavirus Psychological Impact Questionnaire, the Intolerance to Uncertainty Scale–12, and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule.  Results indicated that the most common fears pertain to the domains of contagion/disease/death, social isolation, and employment/income issues. We found high levels of emotional impact reflected in fear of coronavirus, sleep problems, and emotional symptoms (preoccupation, distress, hopelessness, depression, anxiety, nervousness, and restlessness). Regression analyses revealed that intolerance to uncertainty and social media exposure are strong predictors of the impact. We also found some effects of the COVID-19 quarantine favoring positive personal experiences. A new self-report instrument to assess psychological impact of coronavirus is provided. Keywords: COVID-19; coronavirus; anxiety; depression; distress; sleep problems; intolerance to uncertainty; media exposure; positive effects.Impacto psicológico de la pandemia de COVID-19: Efectos negativos y positivos en población española asociados al periodo de confinamiento nacionalResumen: La pandemia COVID-19 se ha extendido rápidamente en España. El objetivo del estudio fue examinar el impacto psicológico de la pandemia y el confinamiento nacional vivido en España durante los meses de marzo y abril de 2020. Se investigó la prevalencia del miedo al coronavirus, los síntomas emocionales, y los problemas de sueño. También examinamos los posibles efectos positivos.  Una muestra de 1.161 participantes (edad: 19-84 años) cumplimentó online el Cuestionario de Impacto Psicológico del Coronavirus, la Escala de Intolerancia a la Incertidumbre –12, y las escalas PANAS de afecto positivo y negativo.  Los resultados indican que los miedos más comunes corresponden a las categorías de contagio/enfermedad/muerte, aislamiento social, y problemas de trabajo/ingresos. Encontramos niveles elevados de impacto emocional reflejado en los miedos al coronavirus, problemas de sueño, y síntomas emocionales (preocupación, estrés, desesperanza, depresión, ansiedad, nerviosismo, e inquietud). La intolerancia a la incertidumbre y la exposición a los medios de comunicación son poderosos predictores del impacto. También encontramos que el confinamiento favorecía algunas experiencias personales positivas. Se aporta un nuevo instrumento de autoinforme para la evaluación del impacto psicológico del coronavirus.Palabras clave: COVID-19; coronavirus; ansiedad; depresión; distrés; problemas de sueño; intolerancia a la incertidumbre; medios de comunicación; efectos positivos.

scholarly journals Psychological effects of the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown among students and workers of a Spanish university

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Odriozola-González ◽  
Álvaro Planchuelo-Gómez ◽  
María Jesús Irurtia-Muñiz ◽  
Rodrigo de Luis-García
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The University ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to analyze the psychological impact of COVID-19 in the university community during the first weeks of confinement. A cross-sectional study was conducted. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) was employed to assess symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. The emotional impact of the situation was analyzed using the Impact of Event Scale. An online survey was fulfilled by 2530 members of the University of Valladolid, in Spain. Moderate to extremely severe scores of anxiety, depression, and stress were reported by 21.34%, 34.19% and 28.14% of the respondents, respectively. A total of 50.43% of respondents presented moderate to severe impact of the outbreak. Students from Arts & Humanities and Social Sciences & Law showed higher scores related to anxiety, depression, stress and impact of event with respect to students from Engineering & Architecture. University staff presented lower scores in all measures compared to students, who seem to have suffered an important psychological impact during the first weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown. In order to provide timely crisis-oriented psychological services and to take preventive measures in future pandemic situations, mental health in university students should be carefully monitored.

scholarly journals Left superior temporal sulcus morphometry mediates the impact of anxiety and depressive symptoms on sleep quality in healthy adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlin Wang ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Shi Tang ◽  
Lu Lu ◽  
Xuan Bu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Superior Temporal Sulcus ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Anxiety and depressive symptoms may predispose individuals to sleep disturbance. Understanding how these emotional symptoms affect sleep quality, especially the underlying neural basis, could support the development of effective treatment. The aims of the present study were therefore to investigate potential changes in brain morphometry associated with poor sleep quality and whether this structure played a mediating role between the emotional symptoms and sleep quality. One hundred and forty-one healthy adults (69 women, mean age = 26.06 years, SD = 6.36 years) were recruited. A structural magnetic resonance imaging investigation was performed, and self-reported measures of anxiety, depressive symptoms and sleep quality were obtained for each participant. Whole-brain regression analysis revealed that worse sleep quality was associated with thinner cortex in left superior temporal sulcus (STS). Furthermore, the thickness of left STS mediated the association between the emotional symptoms and sleep quality. A subsequent commonality analysis showed that physiological component of the depressive symptoms had the greatest influence on sleep quality. In conclusion, thinner cortex in left STS may represent a neural substrate for the association between anxiety and depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality and may thus serve as a potential target for neuromodulatory treatment of sleep problems.

scholarly journals Experiences of Mental Distress during COVID-19: Thematic Analysis of Discussion Forum Posts for Anxiety, Depression, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 105413732110239
Author(s):  
G. Brewer ◽  
L. Centifanti ◽  
J. Castro Caicedo ◽  
G. Huxley ◽  
C. Peddie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Discussion Forum ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on coronavirus patients, health care workers, and the general population is clear. Relatively few studies have, however, considered the impact of the pandemic on those with pre-existing mental health conditions. Therefore, the present study investigates the personal experiences of those with anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder during COVID-19. We conducted a qualitative study utilising Reddit discussion forum posts. We conducted three separate thematic analyses from 130 posts in subreddit forums aimed for people identifying with anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. We identified a number of similar discussion forum themes (e.g., COVID-19 intensifying symptoms and a lack of social support), as well as themes that were unique to each forum type (e.g., hyperawareness and positive experiences during the pandemic). Findings should guide future practice and the support provided to those living with mental distress.

Associations between different components of executive control in childhood and sleep problems in early adolescence: A longitudinal study

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 2440-2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara C Tomaso ◽  
Jennifer Mize Nelson ◽  
Kimberly Andrews Espy ◽  
Timothy D Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Interference Suppression ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
The Impact

Research has examined the impact of poor sleep on executive control and related abilities, but the inverse relationship has received less attention. Youth completed objective executive control tasks in childhood ( N = 208; Mage = 10.03; 50.5% girls) and self-report measures of sleep–wake problems and daytime sleepiness in early adolescence ( Mage = 12.00). Poorer interference suppression and flexible shifting abilities both predicted sleep–wake problems, but response inhibition and working memory did not. For daytime sleepiness, interference suppression was the only significant predictor among executive control components. Socioeconomic status did not moderate any of these associations. Findings have implications for targeting specific executive control abilities in childhood to improve sleep outcomes later in development.

The impact of the acoustic environment on human emotion and experience: A case study of worship spaces

2022 ◽  
pp. 1351010X2110688
Author(s):  
Alaa Algargoosh ◽  
Babak Soleimani ◽  
Sile O’Modhrain ◽  
Mojtaba Navvab
Keyword(s):  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Auditory Experience ◽  
The Impact

People’s interactions with the environment shape their experiences. Thus, understanding these interactions is critical to enhancing human well-being. Aural attributes play a significant role in shaping the perception of space in addition to visual attributes. It is well known that sounds evoke an emotional response, but less is known about how the acoustic characteristics of environments reinforce such an emotional impact. By adopting virtual reality as a platform for recreating 3D sounds and 360° visuals of built environments of worship spaces as case studies, this study aims to investigate the influence of the acoustic environment considering audiovisual congruency on enhancing the human experience through self-report and physiological response analysis. It also examines the role of cultural background in terms of familiarity with the acoustic environment. The convergent mixed-methods approach, merging both quantitative and qualitative analysis, provides a deep understanding of the role of the acoustic environment in enhancing the auditory experience. The results show that the acoustic environment and audiovisual congruency amplify the intensity of the emotional impact, and the amplification of the impact can vary depending on the acoustic environment of the building. They also reveal that familiarity with sound and acoustic characteristics can increase this impact.

Impact of the Christchurch Earthquakes on Hospital Staff

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pleayo Tovaranonte ◽  
Tom J. Cawood
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Personal Impact ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroductionOn September 4, 2010 a major earthquake caused widespread damage, but no loss of life, to Christchurch city and surrounding areas. There were numerous aftershocks, including on February 22, 2011 which, in contrast, caused substantial loss of life and major damage to the city. The research aim was to assess how these two earthquakes affected the staff in the General Medicine Department at Christchurch Hospital.ProblemTo date there have been no published data assessing the impact of this type of natural disaster on hospital staff in Australasia.MethodsA questionnaire that examined seven domains (demographics, personal impact, psychological impact, emotional impact, impact on care for patients, work impact, and coping strategies) was handed out to General Medicine staff and students nine days after the September 2010 earthquake and 14 days after the February 2011 earthquake.ResultsResponse rates were ≥ 99%. Sixty percent of responders were <30 years of age, and approximately 60% were female. Families of eight percent and 35% had to move to another place due to the September and February earthquakes, respectively. A fifth to a third of people had to find an alternative route of transport to get to work but only eight percent to 18% took time off work. Financial impact was more severe following the February earthquake, with 46% reporting damage of >NZ $1,000, compared with 15% following the September earthquake (P < .001). Significantly more people felt upset about the situation following the February earthquake than the September earthquake (42% vs 69%, P < .001). Almost a quarter thought that quality of patient care was affected in some way following the September earthquake but this rose to 53% after the February earthquake (12/53 vs 45/85, P < .001). Half believed that discharges were delayed following the September earthquake but this dropped significantly to 15% following the February earthquake (27/53 vs 13/62, P < .001).ConclusionThis survey provides a measure of the result of two major but contrasting Christchurch earthquakes upon General Medicine hospital staff. The effect was widespread with minor financial impact during the first but much more during the second earthquake. Moderate psychological impact was experienced in both earthquakes. This data may be useful to help prepare plans for future natural disasters.TovaranonteP, CawoodTJ. Impact of the Christchurch earthquakes on hospital staff. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(3):1-6.

scholarly journals The Effects of Group Music Therapy on Levels of Anxiety, Depression, Well-Being, Functional Disability, and Distress in Adult Congolese Refugees

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (Spring 2020) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Verbal Language ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Group Music Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Refugees have a variety of mental health needs due to their experiences, including trauma, anxiety, and depression. Psychotherapy, one of the main modalities for treatment, presents limitations including language barriers and negative stigmas. Music therapy might help to overcome these limitations due to its reliance upon music, rather than verbal language, as the therapeutic medium, and due to music’s ubiquitous cultural prevalence. Music therapy has been shown to have positive effects on sleep quality, well- being, trauma symptoms, social function, and mood. Music therapy training and research results have demonstrated ways to connect with clients through music and overcome cross-cultural barriers. The objective of this case study was to determine the effects of group music therapy on levels of anxiety, depression, well-being, functional disability, and distress in two adult Congolese refugees. Further, the study explored the themes which the participants reported they preferred and were most likely to use on their own regarding the music interventions. A mixed-methods approach was used to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. The study involved eight weekly, one hour-long music therapy sessions following a protocol that included four themes: socialization, emotional expression, English-learning, and personalized use of music. Levels of anxiety, depression, well-being, and functional disability were assessed using psychometric tests before the first session, after the fourth session, and after the eighth session. The data found overall decreased levels of anxiety, depression, and distress, increased levels of well-being, and little change in level of functional disability. Prevalent themes from the self-report questionnaire were instrument playing, singing, listening, and the hello song. Conclusions and recommendations for future research are included.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Interpersonal Aspects in Elementary School

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Herrmann ◽  
Birgitte Lund Nielsen ◽  
Corina Aguilar-Raab
Keyword(s):  
Global Education ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Social Field ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hygienic Measures ◽  
The Impact

Social-emotional education and the relational competence of school staff and leaders are emphasized in research since they strongly impact childrens’ social, emotional, and cognitive development. In a longitudinal project—Empathie macht Schule (EmS)—we aim at evaluating the outcome and process of an empathy training for the whole school staff, including leaders. We compare three treatments to three control elementary schools via a mixed-methods approach employing qualitative and quantitative research methods targeting both, the school staff and the schoolchildren. Since the start of the project in 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the global education process, that is, the range of training activities for school staff in an unprecedented manner. First the lockdown and then the hygienic measures impact the habits and certainties in schools on multiple levels, including artifacts (e.g., physical distancing measures and virtual platforms), processes (e.g., virtual learning and home-schooling), social structures (e.g., separation of a high-risk group), and values (e.g., difficulties in building relations and showing empathy due to physical distance). Leaders and staff are facing an uncertain situation, while their actions and decisions may—also unintentionally—shape the social reality that will be inhabited to a significant extent. In this context, a number of questions become salient. How does the disruption of the pandemic affect interpersonal relationships, interactions, and the social field—the sum of relationships within the system of a school—as a whole? And specifically, how do the actors reflect on changes in the social field, their relationships, and the schools’ and classrooms’ overall relationship quality due to the crisis? The assessment combines qualitative interviews with leaders and teachers (N = 10) along with a self-report survey (N = 80) addressing the effects of the pandemic on interpersonal aspects in schools. Surprisingly, a number of positive effects were mentioned regarding the learning environment in the smaller-sized classes, which were caused by hygienic measures, as well as increased cohesion among faculty. The potential influence of these effects by consciously shaping relationships and cultivating empathy is discussed in the article.

scholarly journals Accept Anxiety to Improve Sleep: The Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown on the Relationships between Mindfulness, Distress and Sleep Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13149
Author(s):  
Marco Mirolli ◽  
Luca Simione ◽  
Monica Martoni ◽  
Marco Fabbri
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Improve Sleep Quality ◽  
The Impact

It has been recently proposed that mindfulness can improve sleep quality through the mediating role on psychological distress and that acceptance may play a pivotal role in mindfulness beneficial effects. The aim of the present work was to understand the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on dispositional mindfulness, sleep, and distress, and on their relationships. In particular, we wanted to test the hypothesis that the detrimental effects of lockdown on sleep depended on mindfulness and distress (including anxiety and depression) and that the acceptance facet of mindfulness played the leading role. A longitudinal study based on self-report questionnaires was conducted on 39 Italian adults (M age = 35.03, SD = 14.02; 21 men) assessing mindfulness, distress, and sleep quality before (23 December 2019–8 March 2020) and during (27 April 2020–10 May 2020) the first Italian COVID-19 lockdown. Lockdown decreased mindfulness while increasing distress and sleep problems. Path analysis showed that the effects of lockdown on sleep were fully mediated by mindfulness and distress. Furthermore, a more detailed analysis showed that these effects were mainly dependent on the acceptance component of mindfulness working through anxiety. The present study confirms, in the context of the COVID-19 lockdown, a model according to which mindfulness, and specifically acceptance, influences sleep through the mediating role of distress.

scholarly journals Anxiety and depression in the Republic of Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Hyland ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Orla McBride ◽  
Jamie Murphy ◽  
Thanos Karatzias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Temporary Closure

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland precipitated the temporary closure of all non-essential services and a nationwide quarantine as of March 27th, 2020. This study represents the first assessment of the mental health of the nation during the initial phase of the COVID-19 response, as part of a multi-wave investigation into the social, behavioural, and psychological impact of the pandemic.Aims: First, estimate prevalence rates of depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and combined anxiety and depression, and identify risk factors associated with screening positive for anxiety/depression. Second, determine if COVID-19-related anxiety was highest amongst those identified with the greatest mortality risk from the virus. Method: Self-report data from a nationally representative Irish sample (N = 1,041) was collected online between March 31 and April 5; the first week of the Republic of Ireland’s nationwide quarantine measures. Results: A substantial proportion of people screened positive for depression (22.77%), generalized anxiety (20.00%), and anxiety/depression (27.67%). Screening positive for anxiety/depression was associated with younger age, female sex, loss of income due to COVID-19, COVID-19 infection, and higher perceived risk of COVID-19 infection. Citizens aged 65 and older reported significantly higher levels of COVID-19 anxiety than adults aged 18-34. Sex, underlying health conditions, and proximity to COVID-19 deaths were not associated with COVID-19 anxiety.Conclusions: Government responses to the current pandemic should ensure that measures protect not only the population’s physical health, but its mental health also, as an equally important component of health and wellbeing.

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