scholarly journals Los duelos y quebrantos de Bartolomé José Gallardo: el lenguaje y la comunicación de la sátira moderna en su “Diccionario crítico-burlesco”

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Romero Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Spanish Literature ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Important Work ◽  
The Common ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Grotesque

El objetivo de este trabajo es subrayar las calidades grotescas del Diccionario crítico-burlesco (1811), de Bartolomé José Gallardo: filólogo, erudito, bibliógrafo, poeta, periodista y polemista de muy singular significación en la literatura española del primer tercio del siglo XIX, e injustamente denostado debido a su famoso Diccionario. Una obra especialmente importante, pues inaugura la sátira moderna en el pensamiento y la cultura española en permanente diálogo con la estética grotesca de los grabados y las Pinturas negras de Francisco de Goya, de acuerdo también con la mejor tradición burlesca de la literatura barroca e ilustrada.The purpose of this work is to study the grotesque aesthetics on Bartolomé José Gallardo's Diccionario crítico-burlesco (1811). Gallardo was a philologist, scholar, bibliographer, poet, journalist and debater of very singular significance in the Spanish literature of the first third of the nineteenth century, and was unjustly reviled due to his famous and polemical Diccionario. A crucially important work, in that it opens the modern satire in Spanish culture and thought, the Diccionario was in permanent dialogue with the grotesque aesthetics of Francisco de Goya's Caprichos and Pinturas negras, as well as with the best burlesque tradition of baroque culture and literature of the eighteenth century. A literary work that merits masterpiece status because it represents the vision of a major writer in contact, and often in conflict, with the common beliefs and behavior of his times.

scholarly journals Fra eneveldets scene mot representative forsamlinger: visitasen som offentlig arena i Norge, ca. 1750–1850

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 183-211
Author(s):  
Trond Bjerkås
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
General Public ◽  
Common People ◽  
Lay Members ◽  
The Common ◽  
Control Apparatus ◽  
The Church

From the Stage of State Power to Representative Assembly?: The Visitation as a Public Arena, 1750–1850In the eighteenth century, the bishops’ visitations to dioceses constituted an important part of the control apparatus of the Church and the absolutist state. The article examines visitations in Norway in terms of public arenas, where the common people interacted with Church officials. During the period 1750 to 1850, the visitations were gradually transformed from arenas in which the state manifested its power towards a largely undifferentiated populace, to meeting places that resembled representative assemblies with both clerical and common lay members. Thus, it adapted to new forms of public participation established by the reforms of national and local government in the first half of the nineteenth century. At the same time, the process amounted to an elitization, because a few representatives replaced of the congregation as a whole. It is also argued that parish churches in the eighteenth century functioned as general public forums with a number of other functions in addition to worship, such as being places of trade and festivities. This seems to change in the nineteenth century, when churches became more exclusively religious arenas. The transition can be seen in the context of new forms of participation in Church matters. Many clerics wanted greater participation by sections of the commoners, in order to strengthen control in moral and religious matters.

The Authority of the Administration

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-66
Author(s):  
Janet McLean
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Legitimate Authority ◽  
The Common ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The authority claims of the administration have undergone radical change with consequences for the shape and content of administrative law. In the seventeenth century, authority was claimed in office, as a means to limit the imposition of the King’s will and to secure the independence of officials, especially the judges. In the eighteenth century, virtue, property, and independence became the basis for office, and the common law sought to enhance such authority through notions of public trust. After the nineteenth-century transition to more centralised and bureaucratic hierarchy, democracy became the new source of authority for the administration, reinforced by the ultra vires doctrine. In each era, the authority claims of the administration have been reflected in the frameworks for judicial supervision. In this way the common law has simultaneously constituted and controlled authority. In the present day we are in the process of rethinking whence administrators derive their legitimate authority and the theoretical foundations of judicial review. Beginning with the authority claims of the administration and framing a juridical response which reflects and tests such claims would be a good place to start.

Dew-Ponds

Antiquity ◽  
1930 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. 347-351
Author(s):  
Edward A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Natural History ◽  
General Public ◽  
Southern England ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cattle And Sheep ◽  
As If

A Great antiquity has been claimed for dew-ponds, or rather for those ponds which have passed as such. They are found on the higher parts of the chalk downs of Southern England, and sometimes indeed on their very summits. They first came to be noticed by reason of the fact that in dry weather, when by all reasoning from their exposed position they ought quickly to dry up, they are the very ponds that still carry water, whereas other ponds on the lands below, which are fed by runnels and other drainage, are the earliest to suffer from drought. This is a very real distinction, for the old dewponds, to call them by their better-known name, have no drainage beyond the collecting area of their own banks. That observant student of natural history, Gilbert White, was almost the earliest writer to call attention (in the middle of the eighteenth century) to the ponds on the common above Selborne, which, although used for the watering of innumerable cattle and sheep, had never been known in his time to fail. His attempted explanation need not trouble us here, but it is noteworthy that he did not call them by the name of dew-ponds, and this name did not appear until well on into the nineteenth century. Pseudoscientific people gave this name to something which they could not explain and so the mysterious dew-pond was christened. They still give it the same name, although those living in their immediate neighbourhood still know them as mist-ponds or fog-ponds. The worst of it is that the mystery of the dew-ponds is constantly cropping up in print, and it really seems as if the general public does not want to know the truth of the matter. Mystery always appeals to them and I fear that editors do not always desire to deprive their readers of its fascination.

‘Furiously Mad’: Vagrancy Law and a Sub-Group of the Disorderly Poor

Rural History ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
AUDREY ECCLES
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
The Public ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

Abstract:Madness has been a social problem from time immemorial. Wealthy lunatics were made royal wards so that their estates would be looked after, and the common law very early admitted madness and idiocy as conditions justifying the exemption of the sufferer from punishments for crime. But the vast majority of lunatics have never been either criminal or wealthy, and many wandered about begging, unwelcome in any settled community. Finally, in the eighteenth century, the law made some attempt to determine a course of action which would protect the public and theoretically also the lunatic. This legislation and its application in practice to protect the public, contain the lunatic, and deal with the nuisance caused by those ‘disordered in their senses’, form the subject of this article. Much has been written about the development of psychiatry, mainly from contemporary medical texts, and about the treatment of lunatics in institutions, chiefly from nineteenth-century sources, but much remains to be discovered from archival sources about the practicalities of dealing with lunatics at parish level, particularly how they were defined as lunatics, who made such decisions, and how they were treated in homes and workhouses.

scholarly journals acercamiento a la recepción de la terminología farmacéutica en el siglo XIX:

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 449-470
Author(s):  
Francisco Luque Janodet
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Nous Proposons ◽  
Chemical Nomenclature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biographical Study ◽  
History Of Translation ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Xixe Siecle

La historia de la traducción es uno de los ámbitos menos estudiados en la Traductología. En el presente artículo, se abordará la traducción y recepción en España del Manuel du pharmacien ou précis élémentaire de pharmacie de Alphonse Chevallier y Pierre Idt. Se trata de una obra de temática  farmacéutica, que disfrutó de gran prestigio en el país ibérico, y publicada en una época de debate y de adaptación de la nomenclatura química y farmacéutica. Por ello, realizaremos un análisis traductológico de la obra objeto de estudio, en el que se aborden los principales problemas de traducción a los que Manuel Jiménez Murillo tuvo que hacer frente. Asimismo, se considerarán las distintas técnicas empleadas para este trasvase interlingüístico. Todo ello estará precedido de un estudio biográfico de los autores y del traductor, basado en la documentación de la época, así como de una serie de consideraciones en torno al papel del traductor decimonónico y a la reforma de la nomenclatura química iniciada en el siglo XVIII. The history of translation is one of the least studied areas since Translatology. In this paper, the translation and reception in Spain of Alphonse Chevallier and Pierre Idt’s Manuel du pharmacien ou précis élémentaire de pharmacie will be addressed. It is a work of pharmaceutical scope, which enjoyed great prestige in Spain and was published at a time of debate and adaptation of the chemical and pharmaceutical nomenclature. Therefore, it is proposed a translatological analysis that addresses the main translation problems that Manuel Jiménez Murillo had to face. The different techniques used for the interlinguistic transfer will also be considered. All this will be preceded by a biographical study of the authors and the translator based on the documentation of the time and by a series of considerations regarding the role of the nineteenth-century translator and the reform of the chemical nomenclature undertaken in the eighteenth century. L'histoire de la traduction est l'un des domaines les moins étudiés en Traductologie. Dans cet article, nous aborderons la traduction et la réception en Espagne du Manuel du pharmacien ou précis élémentaire de pharmacie d’Alphonse Chevallier et Pierre Idt. Il s’agit d'un ouvrage de portée pharmaceutique, qui a joui d'un grand prestige dans le pays ibérique, et publié à une époque de débat et d'adaptation de la nomenclature chimique et pharmaceutique. Par conséquent, nous proposons une analyse traductologique de l'œuvre objet d’étude qui aborde les principaux problèmes de traduction auxquels Manuel Jiménez Murillo a dû faire face. Les différentes techniques utilisées pour le transfert interlinguistique seront également prises en compte. Tout cela sera précédé d'une étude biographique des auteurs et du traducteur basée sur la documentation de l'époque et d'une série de considérations autour du rôle du traducteur du XIXe siècle et de la réforme de la nomenclature chimique entreprise au XVIIIe siècle.

scholarly journals Vestidos y adornos: la crítica a las apariencias exernas a través de la prensa española (finales del siglo XVIII- siglo XIX) = Dresses and ornaments: criticism of outward appearances through the Spanish press (late eighteenth century-nineteenth century)

2017 ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Crespo Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Family ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Spanish Press ◽  
Newspaper Articles

<p>Este trabajo estudia los discursos que sobre la moda y el lujo recogió la prensa española (especialmente la cercana al pensamiento religioso) entre finales del siglo XVIII y el siglo XIX con el objetivo de entender qué motivos se indicaban para querer controlar la apariencia externa. Así, elementos como la moralidad, la economía o los resultados negativos que provocaba en la mujer y en la familia, han sido los principales temas analizados a través de los artículos periodísticos.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This paper studies the discourses about fashion and luxury appeared in the Spanish press (especially in the religious press) between the late eighteenth century and the nineteenth century in order to understand what reasons were indicated to control the external appearance. Thus, elements such as morality, economy or the negative results caused in women and the family, have been the main topics discussed through newspaper articles.</p>

scholarly journals Héroes nacionales como vehículos emocionales de conceptos / National Heroes as Emotional Vehicles of Political Concepts

2017 ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel González Manso
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The Relationship

This article deals with the relationship between concepts, heroes and emotions. To that purpose it propounds an explicative mechanism through the comparative analysis of the use of heroes in Spanish politics in the late eighteenth century and the first half of the nineteenth century. The spread of some political concepts was facilitated by their association with heroes of the past, which not only provide legitimacy but also a strong emotional burden in terms of the values they represented. The proposed methodology is applied to the examination of political uses of two historical figures: Padilla and Pelayo.Key WordsEmotions, national heroes, intellectual history, nineteenth centuryResumenEl presente artículo examina la relación entre conceptos, héroes y emociones. Para ello propone un mecanismo que se sirve del análisis comparado del uso de héroes en la política española de finales del siglo XVIII y de la primera mitad del XIX. La difusión de ciertos conceptos políticos se vio facilitada por su asociación con héroes del pasado que no solo aportaban legitimidad y prestigio sino también una fuerte carga emocional dado los valores que estos héroes representaban. Las consideraciones metodológicas se aplican al análisis de los usos políticos de dos personajes históricos: Padilla y Pelayo.Palabras claveEmociones, héroes nacionales, historia intelectual, siglo XIX

Visible Absences: Inclusive Theatre in Contemporary Spain (Interview with Victoria Teijeiro and Isabel Rodes)

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-292
Author(s):  
Esther Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Spanish Literature ◽  
World Health ◽  
Literary Production ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Contemporary Spain ◽  
The Grotesque

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines disability, in very broad terms, as the difficulty an individual may have relating to his or her surrounding environment. Nonetheless, since the eighteenth century, Spanish literature has portrayed disability as a metaphor for deficiency, imperfection, monstrosity, disorder, and even excess. In this sense, the grotesque amputation suffered by the protagonist, Tristana, in Benito Pérez Galdós's famous homonymous novel written in 1892 can be interpreted as a settling of accounts of society with a woman who was too independent and intellectually ambitious for her time. Literary production became in that sense a reflection of a society that wove together a series of prejudices regarding disability, resulting in the stigmatization and invisibility of these individuals.

scholarly journals Tiranas y Polacas en la Tonadilla escénica: poesía, música y baile en los escenarios teatrales de la corte madrileña

2020 ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Sara Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Comparative Framework ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Musical Genres

Resumen: La investigación que presentamos pretende ser un acercamiento a las características propias de la tirana y la polaca insertas en las tonadillas escénicas más representativas de los escenarios teatrales de la corte madrileña en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII y principios del siglo XIX. Se realizará un estudio de autoría, que nos introducirá en el momento de mayor auge de esta tipología de piezas y a su utilización por parte de los compositores de la época. Asimismo, se trazará un marco comparativo del número de intérpretes de estas piezas en relación con el resto de números de la tonadilla y se cotejarán, a modo evolutivo, las particularidades poético-musicales y de representación escénica; características que nos permitirán observar si las peculiaridades expuestas por tratadistas en relación con la tirana y la polaca coinciden o son modificadas al insertarse estas composiciones en la tonadilla escénica.Abstract: The research we present aims to be an approach to the characteristics of the tiranas and the polacas (musical genres) inserted in the most representative stage tonadillas of theatrical stages of the Madrid court in the second half of the eighteenth century and early nineteenth century. An authorship study will be carried out, which will introduce us at the moment of greatest boom of this type of pieces and its use by the composers of the time. Likewise, a comparative framework of the number of interpreters of these pieces will be drawn in relation to the rest of the numbers of the tonadilla and the poetic-musical particularities and scenic representation will be checked in an evolutionary way; characteristics that will allow us to observe if the peculiarities exposed by treatists in relation to the tyrant and the polish coincide or are modified when these compositions are inserted in the scenic tonadilla.

scholarly journals Sacralidad y singularidad de los espacios de enterramiento en Totana (Murcia) a partir del siglo XVI

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-188
Author(s):  
Juan Cánovas Mulero
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Carlos Iii

En este trabajo estudiamos el cambio de ubicación de los distintos cementerios de Totana en el siglo XIX. Hasta 1811 estos espacios se situaron en templos y ermitas. Las epidemias de principios del siglo XIX obligaron a materializar las disposiciones que Carlos III había publicado en el siglo XVIII y que decretaban alejar los enterramientos de los núcleos urbanos. Fue así como las autoridades locales iniciaron la construcción de un primer cementerio en la población en 1813. Este ámbito estuvo en uso hasta que en 1885 se edificó el cementerio actual, el de Nuestra Señora del Carmen, más alejado de la población y siguiendo un modelo estético e higienista establecido por el arquitecto diocesano Justo Millán Espinosa. In this work we study the change of location of the different cemeteries of Totana in the 19th century. Until 1811 these spaces were located in temples and hermitages. The epidemics of the early nineteenth century forced to carry out the provisions that Carlos III had published in the eighteenth century which decreed the removal of burials from urban centres. This is how local authorities began the construction of a first cemetery in the population in 1813. This place was in use until 1885 when the current cemetery of «Nuestra Señora del Carmen» was built. This cemetery is further away from the population and follows an aesthetic and hygienist model established by the diocesan architect Justo Millán Espinosa.

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