scholarly journals Therapists’ experiences in their work with sex offenders and people with pedophilia: A literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 498-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Hardeberg Bach ◽  
Carolin Demuth
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Compassion Fatigue ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vicarious Traumatization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Insight Into

This article presents a review of the literature that pertains to the experiences of therapists who work directly with child sex offenders and/or people with pedophilia. We draw together results from studies that attempted to identify how therapists experience such work and how they were personally impacted by it. Usually, such studies are embedded within one of the following theoretical frameworks: Secondary traumatic stress, compassion fatigue, vicarious traumatization and burnout. Most literature on the topic has therefore sought to determine to what extent and why, work-related stress responses may occur among these therapists. The aim of this paper is therefore to provide insight into this, arguably, important line of research, while evaluating the current knowledge as well as providing recommendations for future research efforts.

scholarly journals Reflecting on the Concept of Compassion Fatigue

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Sabo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Compassion Fatigue ◽  
Vicarious Traumatization ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Specialty Practice ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Theoretical Conceptualization

A review of the literature on the health of nurses leaves little doubt that their work may take a toll on their psychosocial and physical health and well being.Nurses working in several specialty practice areas, such as intensive care, mental health, paediatrics, and oncology have been found to be particularly vulnerable to work-related stress. Several types of occupational stress have been identified, including burnout, compassion fatigue, and vicarious traumatization. While the emphasis of this article is on compassion fatigue and its theoretical conceptualization, the concepts of burnout and vicarious traumatization are also discussed. Two questions are posed for discussion: 1) Does compassion fatigue exist on a continuum of occupational stress? If so, is burnout a pre-condition for compassion fatigue; 2) What are the relationships between the types of occupational stress? To what extent does non-resolution of compassion fatigue increase the risk for developing vicarious traumatization? Case examples are provided to support this discussion.

scholarly journals Corporate Board Committees and Corporate Outcomes: An International Systematic Literature Review and Agenda for Future Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Alhossini ◽  
Collins G. Ntim ◽  
Alaa Mansour Zalata
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Applied Theory ◽  
Corporate Board ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

This paper comprehensively reviews the current body of international accounting literature regarding advisory/monitoring committees and corporate outcomes. Specifically, it synthesizes, appraises, and extends current knowledge on the (a) theoretical (i.e., economic, accounting/corporate governance, sociological and socio-psychological) perspectives and (b) empirical evidence of the observable and less visible attributes at both the individual and committee levels and their link with a wide range (financial/non-financial) of corporate outcomes. Using the systematic literature review method, 304 articles from 59 journals in the fields of accounting and finance that were published between January 1992 and December 2018 are reviewed. The main findings are as follows. First and theoretically, agency theory is the most dominant applied theory/studies with no application of theory at all (descriptive), while the application of integrated theoretical frameworks is lacking in the reviewed articles. Secondly, the existing empirical evidence focusses excessively on (a) monitoring instead of advisory committees and (b) observable rather than less visible committee attributes. Thirdly, scarcity of cross-country studies along with methodological limitations relating to measurement inconsistencies, insufficiency of variables, and dominance of quantitative studies, among others, are identified. Finally, promising future research avenues are outlined.

Sexual Abuse Within Employment Settings: A Comparison of Work-Related, Intra- and Extra-Familial Child Molesters

Sexual Abuse ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-542
Author(s):  
Diana M. Falkenbach ◽  
Antonia Foehse ◽  
Elizabeth Jeglic ◽  
Cynthia Calkins ◽  
Linsey Raymaekers
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Child Molesters ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Victim Selection ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a serious problem not only in the community but also in institutional settings such as youth-serving organizations, churches, and schools. Although research has started to examine the problem of abuse in institutional settings, there remains a dearth of information about the nature and context of CSA in different employment settings, including those that do not specifically cater to children. In addition, research on the similarities and differences between perpetrators who work with children and other sex offenders is scarce. As such, the present study compared offenders on variables relating to financial/employment lifestyle stability, risk/dangerousness level, abuse opportunity, and victim selection. Data revealed that child abusers who worked with children tended to be better educated, were less likely to be married, had fewer nonsexual convictions, and were more likely to abuse male post-pubescent children compared with intra- and extra-familial offenders who did not work with children. Implications for future research, prevention of CSA, and clinical practice are discussed.

Review: Anti-nutritional effects of phytic acid in diets for pigs and poultry – current knowledge and directions for future research

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Woyengo ◽  
C. M. Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
Dietary Nutrients ◽  
Nutritional Effects ◽  
Insight Into

Woyengo, T. A. and Nyachoti, C. M. 2013. Review: Anti-nutritional effects of phytic acid in diets for pigs and poultry – current knowledge and directions for future research. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 9–21. Plant feedstuffs contain phytic acid (PA), which is a storage form of phosphorus. Phytic acid is, however, poorly hydrolyzed by pigs and poultry, and it has a capacity to complex dietary nutrients, thereby reducing nutrient digestibility. Reduced nutrient digestibility by PA implies reduced efficiency of utilization of the nutrients and increased discharge of the unabsorbed nutrients to the environment. Phytic acid has also recently been shown to increase the endogenous nutrient losses (ENL) in pigs and poultry. Because the increased ENL in the gastrointestinal tract are associated with increased maintenance requirement for the lost nutrients and of energy spent on their secretion, an increase in ENL due to PA implies that there are other adverse effects of PA on nutrient utilization in addition to reducing nutrient digestibility. In this review, the effects of PA on performance of pigs and poultry, and on the digestibility and ENL in these animals are discussed in detail. Also, the mechanisms by which PA reduces nutrient digestibility and increases gastrointestinal ENL in pigs and poultry are discussed, and areas that need further research to gain more insight into these mechanisms are suggested.

The place of civilians in policing

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Alderden ◽  
Wesley G. Skogan
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Employee Morale ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Civilian Employees

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the correlates of job satisfaction among civilian employees of law enforcement agencies, to assess how features of the policing workplace influence employee morale. Design/methodology/approach – The data for this study were drawn from surveys conducted as part of the National Police Research Platform. In total, 472 civilians from 19 police agencies completed the survey. Findings – The findings indicate that contentment with pay and benefits, lower levels of work-related stress, equality in the workplace, and feelings of acceptance were associated with civilian employee satisfaction. Research limitations/implications – The analyses presented here focusses on factors more unique to policing and did not include all of factors correlated with job satisfaction in past literature. Future research should address this as well as control for the effect of organizational-level factors. Practical implications – The research identifies key factors in each of those categories that inhibit the effective incorporation of civilians into the workforce. It indicates that reaping the full advantages of civilianization is complex and requires attention to fundamental aspects of police organizations. How administrators deal with this reality will impact the efficiency and effectiveness of their organizations in important ways. Originality/value – To date, much of what has been written about the place of civilians in policing consists of descriptions of their numeric representation and discussions of the presumed advantages of hiring them in larger numbers. Less is known about how well civilians have been integrated into the policing workforce.

scholarly journals The Biological Significance and Regulatory Mechanism of c-Myc Binding Protein 1 (MBP-1)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijin Liu ◽  
Aileen Zhang ◽  
Lamei Zheng ◽  
Abou-Fadel Johnathan ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cervical Cancer Cells ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Environmental Responses

Alternatively translated from the ENO gene and expressed in an array of vertebrate and plant tissues, c-Myc binding protein 1 (MBP-1) participates in the regulation of growth in organisms, their development and their environmental responses. As a transcriptional repressor of multiple proto-oncogenes, vertebrate MBP-1 interacts with other cellular factors to attenuate the proliferation and metastasis of lung, breast, esophageal, gastric, bone, prostrate, colorectal, and cervical cancer cells. Due to its tumor-suppressive property, MBP-1 and its downstream targets have been investigated as potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for various cancers. In plants, MBP-1 plays an integral role in regulating growth and development, fertility and abiotic stress responses. A better understanding of the functions and regulatory factors of MBP-1 in plants may advance current efforts to maximize plant resistance against drought, high salinity, low temperature, and oxidative stress, thus optimizing land use and crop yields. In this review article, we summarize the research advances in biological functions and mechanistic pathways underlying MBP-1, describe our current knowledge of the ENO product and propose future research directions on vertebrate health as well as plant growth, development and abiotic stress responses.

‘We deal with human beings’

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Huey ◽  
Hina Kalyal
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Labor ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Police Services ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Stress

Dealing with emotions is a central feature of everyday police work. This is especially the case in relation to criminal investigation work, in which police investigators must grapple with both their own emotions and those of the victims and families with whom they deal. Despite the importance of emotional labor in understanding criminal investigation work, this aspect of their work remains understudied. This study is based on data from 13 in-depth qualitative interviews with members of the Canadian police services. Within it, we explore how officers engage in emotional labor, as well as its impact on these individuals. Although our results are preliminary in nature, they do reveal how managing emotions according to organizationally sanctioned display rules can affect officers’ well-being, and highlight the need for future research to enable police organizations to deal more effectively with this form of work-related stress.

scholarly journals Staying and immobility: new concepts in population geography? A literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-284
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Population Geography ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Main Research Interest ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract. Immobile populations have received academic attention in recent years, following a period of focus on hypermobility and increasing migration as the main research interest. This article analyses the existing stock of literature on the topics of “immobilities” and “staying” to give insight into the importance of these concepts for rethinking contemporary population geography. It considers texts dealing with voluntary and involuntary types of immobility, as well as reasons for and factors influencing the increased observed immobility in the context of internal migration. Common theoretical frameworks used to explain immobilities and consequences for increasingly rooted societies are discussed. The paper also presents open research questions for future research. It draws the conclusion that staying and immobility are meaningful concepts for future research in the context of population and human geography, since they introduce a new perspective for research dedicated to spatial living patterns of populations. These concepts furthermore highlight the importance of different types and forms of (im)mobilities, the interconnectedness of mobile and immobile populations, and changes in aspirations and capabilities of life-course decision-making over time.

Roles of various Phytohormones and Their Cross-talk in Regulating Stomatal Development and Patterning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Wei ◽  
Yifeng Jing ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Dexin Kong
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stomatal Development ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
The Core ◽  
Differential Responsiveness

Abstract Phytohormones play important roles in regulating various aspects of plant growth and development as well as in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Stomata are openings on the surface of land plants that control gas exchange with their environment. Accumulating evidence shows that various phytohormones, including abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, auxin, cytokinin, ethylene and gibberellic acid, play many roles in regulating stomatal development and patterning, and that the cotyledons/leaves and hypocotyls/stems of Arabidopsis exhibit differential responsiveness to phytohormones. In this review, we first discuss the shared regulatory mechanisms of stomatal development and patterning in Arabidopsis cotyledons and hypocotyls and those that are distinct, and then summarize current knowledge of how distinct hormonal signaling circuits are integrated into the core stomatal development pathways and how different phytohormones crosstalk to tailor stomatal density and spacing patterns. Knowledge obtained from Arabidopsis may pave the way for future research to elucidate the effects of phytohormones in regulating stomatal development and patterning in cereal grasses, for the purpose of increasing crop adaptive responses.

Het gebruik van wearables bij chronische stress en burn-out

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Custers ◽  
M. Verbrugghe ◽  
L. Braeckman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Burn Out ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Ideal

The use of wearables in chronic stress and burnout In recent years, stress-related disorders have become increasingly common in the labor force. Prevention and treatment of chronic stress and burnout are important as this affects all walks of life. A literature search through the databases PubMed and Embase revealed that wearables are promising in the prevention and treatment of work-related stress. Wearables are able to monitor stress in a non-invasive and objective way by measuring parameters such as heart rate variability, skin conductance and skin temperature. By giving the user insight into the factors that trigger stress, a decrease in the average stress level can be achieved. Less research has been done on the use of wearables in burnout. In order to find the ideal combination of stress parameters, further studies which also take into account contextual factors, such as exercise and nutrition, cost and ease of use, are needed in- and outside the laboratory setting.

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