scholarly journals Adaptation of the Beliefs about Well-Being Scale to the Spanish population

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-242
Author(s):  
Jesús San Martín García ◽  
Fabiola Perles ◽  
Miguel Angel García Martín ◽  
Jesús Canto-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Lay Conceptions ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Original Scale

El estudio de la felicidad y el bienestar está recibiendo cada vez más atención en diferentes campos. Las investigaciones recientes sobre el bienestar se han centrado en profundizar en la concepción del individuo sobre la experiencia del bienestar. McMahan y Estes (2011a) crearon una escala que evalúa las concepciones legas del bienestar en base a cuatro dimensiones: la experiencia de placer, la evitación de la experiencia negativa, el autodesarrollo y la contribución a los demás. El objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar esta escala, Beliefs about Well-Being Scale (BWBS), a la población española. La muestra estuvo formada por 1.024 participantes de la población general con un intervalo de edad entre 17 y 87 años. El análisis factorial confirmatorio da como resultado una estructura de cuatro dimensiones, similar a la escala original, aunque en la adaptación de la escala los ítems disminuyen de 16 a 12. Los resultados del análisis de fiabilidad revelan índices similares a los de la escala original. Estos resultados confirman la validez de la Escala de Creencias sobre el Bienestar con población general en un contexto cultural diferente al del estudio original. Esto permitirá realizar estudios transculturales para analizar la influencia de la cultura en la percepción del bienestar The study of happiness and well-being is receiving increased attention in different fields. Recent research into well-being has focused on delving deeper into the individual’s conception about the experience of well-being. McMahan and Estes (2011a) created a scale that assesses lay conceptions of well-being (BWBS) based on four dimensions: the experience of pleasure, avoidance of negative experience, self-development and contribution to others. The goal of this study was to adapt this scale, the Beliefs about Well-Being Scale, to the Spanish population. The sample consisted of 1,024 participants from the general population ranging in age interval from 17 to 87 years old. The confirmatory factorial analysis results in a structure of four dimensions, similar to the original scale, although in the adaptation of the scale the items decrease from 16 to 12. The results of the reliability analysis reveal indexes similar to those of the original scale. These results confirm the validity of Beliefs about Well-Being Scale with general population in a cultural context different from the original study. This will allow cross-cultural studies to analyze the influence of culture in the perception of well-being.

scholarly journals Attractive Spheres of Students’ Self-realization as Practices for Supporting Their Psychological Well-being in University Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-188
Author(s):  
Elena Shutenko ◽  
Andrey Shutenko ◽  
Tatiana Kuzmicheva ◽  
Anastasia Koreneva ◽  
Galina Romanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
University Education ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Cultural Predictors ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Information Media ◽  
University Training ◽  
Different Levels

The study is aimed at finding the varieties of appealing spheres for realization of students’ potential in higher school. The authors substantiate and develop the concept of attractors for students’ self-realization, which designate the appealing spheres and forms of manifestation of students’ personal efforts and capacities in higher education. The methods of conceptual-applied reconstruction and psychological surveys are used to determine the attractive space for students’ self-development. The study identifies a group of potentially attractive spheres (learning-cognitive, research, sports-wellness, volunteer, artistic-creative, innovative-entrepreneurial, information-media, social-civic, sphere of cross-cultural communication). The study presents the results of diagnosing the subjective significance of these spheres for students of different specialties and different levels of self-realization in education. The conclusion is made about the tendency of influence of students’ involvement in attractive spheres on the success of their self-realization in educational environment. The prospects of applying and operating the category of attractors as socio-cultural predictors of successful self-realization and psychological well-being of students in the process of University training are shown.

The Cross-Cultural Relevance of Indigenous Measures: The South African Personality Inventory (SAPI), Family Orientation, and Well-Being in New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21
Author(s):  
Velichko H. Fetvadjiev ◽  
Tia Neha ◽  
Fons J. R. van de Vijver ◽  
Martin McManus ◽  
Deon Meiring
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South African ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The South ◽  
Family Orientation ◽  
Scant Attention

Indigenous personality research often remains limited to its cultural context of origin. Previous cross-cultural examinations of indigenous models have typically focused on East–West comparisons and have paid scant attention to the predictive validity of indigenous models in new contexts. The present study addresses the replicability of the South African Personality Inventory (SAPI) and its predictive validity for family orientation and well-being in New Zealand European ( n = 428) and Māori students ( n = 226). The structure of the SAPI in New Zealand was equivalent to the structure identified in South Africa and had metric invariance between the two New Zealand groups. The SAPI social-relational scales explained additional variance above neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness in family orientation, but not in well-being. Mediation path analyses suggested that personality played a similar role for family orientation and well-being in the two groups when assessed by the SAPI, although group differences were suggested when using the Big Five Inventory. Our findings indicate that indigenously derived models, developed with the aim to represent culturally salient concepts, can be relevant well beyond their culture of origin and offer an enriched understanding of personality’s role for important outcomes across cultures.

scholarly journals Sense of coherence and chronic illnesses: Scope for research in India

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 079-083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahati Chittem ◽  
Bengt Lindström ◽  
Ramesh Byrapaneni ◽  
Geir Espnes
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe theory of salutogenesis focusses on how individuals move in the direction of health rather than illness. Within this is the concept of sense of coherence (SOC) that refers to a stable disposition which creates coping resources and a sense of health preservation. With the help of a widely validated SOC scale, a range of studies evidenced that a strong SOC was associated with psychological well-being, healthy behaviors, and good health. Although the cross-cultural nature of SOC is supported, there is limited research exploring SOC in Asian cultures. Understanding how people orient themselves toward health and leveraging this in the development of health interventions within the unique cultural context of India is necessary. The current paper will review the theory of salutogensis and SOC concept, the measurement of SOC, the relationship between SOC, chronic illnesses, and culture, concluding with suggestions for possible areas of SOC research in India.

scholarly journals Lay Conceptions of Modesty in China: A Prototype Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 002202212098531
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Shi ◽  
Aiden P. Gregg ◽  
Constantine Sedikides ◽  
Huajian Cai
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The West ◽  
Lay Conceptions

We investigated lay conceptions of modesty in China (谦虚) using a prototype approach. First, a sample of Chinese participants spontaneously listed the characteristics of modest persons. Independent coders then edited these into 112 exemplars, and further grouped them into 34 categories (Study 1). Categories that subsumed more frequently occurring items were deemed more prototypical. Second, another sample of Chinese participants directly rated these categories for how well they corresponded with the concept of modesty (Study 2). Thereafter, frequencies and ratings were algorithmically integrated, permitting categories to be ranked into three broad divisions: central, peripheral, and marginal. Finally, the ordinal validity of divisions was confirmed by having a third sample of Chinese participants rate the modesty of individuals exhibiting traits from within each division (Study 3). Lay conceptions of modesty in China only partly corresponded to those in previous Western samples. Among those categories that were shared, some were central in both China and the West (FRIENDLY, NOT CONCEITED), others only in China (LOW-KEY, POLITE, EASYGOING, AUTHENTIC). Furthermore, several central categories were unique to China (TAKES-CRITICISM, STEADY, CAUTIOUS, ASPIRING). Our findings inform ongoing conceptualizations of modesty in a cross-cultural context.

scholarly journals “INSIDE” Project on Sexual Health in Spain: The Impact of the Lockdown Caused by COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ballester-Arnal ◽  
Juan E. Nebot-Garcia ◽  
Estefanía Ruiz-Palomino ◽  
Cristina Giménez-García ◽  
María Dolores Gil-Llario
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic is becoming a major hazard to public health worldwide. This is causing a significant impact on life and physical health, as well as on the psychological well-being of the general population. Since the emotional distress and the social restrictions caused by this epidemic, it must be expected that its impact will also extend to sexual health. The purpose of this study, the first including a large sample of the Spanish general population, was to analyze sexual behavior during the 99 days of confinement in Spain (INSIDE Project). Method. 1,448 Spanish people, between 18 and 60 years old, were evaluated through an online survey during April 2020. The variables analyzed were the physical and social environment during confinement, sexual desire, type of sexual activity, masturbation, sexual intercourse, online sexual activity, general sexual frequency, sexual fantasies, degree of self-control over sexual drive, sexual abuse, general impact of confinement on sexuality and emotional mood. Results. Confinement has affected the sexual life of half of the Spanish population (47.7%), especially women. Those who reported a worsening of their sexual life are almost three times more (37.9%) than those who reported an improvement (14.4%). Conclusions. Different factors have been significant predictors of the positive or negative valoration about the impact of this confinement on sexual life, such as gender, couple life, privacy, stress level and the perception of confinement as unbearable. Policy Implications. These results have important implications for the public health and more especially sexual health of the Spanish population.

Measurement Invariance of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience Across 13 Countries

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110214
Author(s):  
Veljko Jovanović ◽  
Mohsen Joshanloo ◽  
Marta Martín-Carbonell ◽  
Corrado Caudek ◽  
Begoña Espejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Age Range

The Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) is widely used to measure emotional experiences, but not much is known about its cross-cultural utility. The present study evaluated the measurement invariance of the SPANE across adult samples ( N = 12,635; age range = 18-85 years; 58.2% female) from 13 countries (China, Colombia, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Japan, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Turkey, and the United States). Configural and partial scalar invariance of the SPANE were supported. Three items capturing specific negative emotions (sad, afraid, and angry) were found to be culturally noninvariant. Our findings suggest that the SPANE’s positive emotion terms and general negative emotion terms (e.g., negative and unpleasant) might be more suitable for cross-cultural studies on emotions and well-being, whereas caution is needed when comparing countries using the SPANE’s specific negative emotion items.

A Rasch Analysis of the Personal Well-Being Index in School Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian J. Tomyn ◽  
Mark A. Stokes ◽  
Robert A. Cummins ◽  
Paulo C. Dias
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
School Students ◽  
Convenience Sample

The personal well-being index—school children (PWI-SC) is designed as a cross-cultural instrument to measure subjective well-being among high school–aged children. Several published cross-cultural studies have confirmed adequate psychometric performance in terms of reliability, validity, and measurement invariance. This study adds to this literature by applying the Rasch approach to estimate invariant comparison in a cross-cultural context, applied to both Australian and Portuguese high school students. Participants were an age- and gender-matched convenience sample of 1,040 adolescents (520 cases in each group, 51.54% male) who ranged in age from 12 to 18 years ( M = 14.25 years, SD = 1.71 years). It is found that both Portuguese and Australian data fit the Rasch measurement model, with excellent levels of reliability at a country level. However, when all of the data were combined, a slight misfit was found. This was resolved by removing some issues with item thresholds in standard of living among the Australian data and splitting the data by country on health. This allowed both Australian and Portuguese cases to differ on the health item. We conclude that the PWI-SC is unidimensional, with some evidence of mild, but acceptable local dependency. This study further supports the cross-cultural validity of the PWI-SC and the use of this measure in the Australian and Portuguese context but also indicates a potential direction that development of the PWI-SC might proceed.

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