scholarly journals EXTRACTION OF OIL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FROM WATER SOLUTIONS BY NATURAL ADSORBENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena G. Filatova ◽  
Veronika G. Soboleva
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Specific Pore Volume ◽  
Natural Adsorbents ◽  
Volume Activation ◽  
Determining Factor

When solving the problem of wastewater treatment till the required parameters, adsorption methods have no analogs, which allow purifying sewage from oil products to any required level without introducing secondary pollution. Here has been studied the possibility of using natural and modified alumоsilicates for extraction of oil and petroleum products from sewage of oil refineries to the norms of discharge of fishery reservoirs. Alumosilicates of the Transbaikal deposit were used as the object of the study. In order to improve the adsorption characteristics of natural alumosilicates, they were subjected to microwave activation and modification by HCl. The adsorption value of petroleum products was 8.9 mg/g for natural adsorbents; 15.10 mg/g-for alumosilicates activated by microwave; 19.30 mg/g – for alumosilicates modified by HCl. Adsorption of petroleum products is described by Langmuir and BET models. The main adsorption parameters of these models are determined. The values of correlation coefficients indicate that the adsorption of petroleum products by natural adsorbents and alumosilicates, activated by microwave, best describes the model of adsorption of BET. For alumosilicates modified HCl best true equation Langmuir. It is established that the activation and modification of natural alumosilicates allows to improve the adsorption capacity and causes a reduction in time of the completeness of the saturation of the adsorbents, as evidenced by a decrease in the standardized Gibbs energy is the determining factor when increasing the rate of cleaning. In the paper, it is assumed that microwave radiation heats water in the sorbent, and this leads to an increase in its partial pressure in the pores, there is an excess pressure, which leads to an increase in the pore size, and, consequently, to an increase in the adsorption capacity. In the case of modification of HCl, the increase in the adsorption capacity is due to changes in the textural characteristics of the adsorbent, an increase in the specific surface area and the specific pore volume. Activation and modification of natural alumosilicates made it possible to increase the purification efficiency from 86.8 to 97.3 % and to reduce the residual concentration from 0.29 to 0.059 mg/dm3.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Cationized Cellulose for the Removal of Anionic Dyes

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hashem ◽  
Reda M. El-Shishtawy
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Acid Orange 7 ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Direct Blue ◽  
Equilibrium Data

The factors influencing the cationization of microcrystalline cellulose with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl triethylammonium chloride in the presence of NaOH were investigated. The course of the reaction was followed by estimating the nitrogen content of the cationized product while its structural features were confirmed by IR analysis. The ability of cationized cellulose to adsorb anionic dyes, viz. Acid Orange 7, Direct Blue 75 and Direct Violet 31, was investigated at 25°C and 50°C. The equilibrium data obtained were fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, allowing the corresponding adsorption parameters to be determined. The results showed that the adsorption capacity was dependent on the adsorbent, temperature, the nature of the dye and (to some extent) on van der Waals and hydrogen bonding. Cationized cellulose exhibited a much better adsorption capacity towards anionic dyes than cellulose.

scholarly journals Experimental and Modeling of Dicamba Adsorption in Aqueous Medium Using MIL-101(Cr) Metal-Organic Framework

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Hamza Ahmad Isiyaka ◽  
Khairulazhar Jumbri ◽  
Nonni Soraya Sambudi ◽  
Jun Wei Lim ◽  
Bahruddin Saad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

Drift deposition of emerging and carcinogenic contaminant dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxy benzoic acid) has become a major health and environmental concern. Effective removal of dicamba in aqueous medium becomes imperative. This study investigates the adsorption of a promising adsorbent, MIL-101(Cr) metal-organic framework (MOF), for the removal of dicamba in aqueous solution. The adsorbent was hydrothermally synthesized and characterized using N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET), powdered X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Adsorption models such as kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were studied to understand details of the adsorption process. The significance and optimization of the data matrix, as well as the multivariate interaction of the adsorption parameters, were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). RSM and artificial neural network (ANN) were used to predict the adsorption capacity. In each of the experimental adsorption conditions used, the ANN gave a better prediction with minimal error than the RSM model. The MIL-101(Cr) adsorbent was recycled six times to determine the possibility of reuse. The results show that MIL-101(Cr) is a very promising adsorbent, in particular due to the high surface area (1439 m2 g−1), rapid equilibration (~25 min), high adsorption capacity (237.384 mg g−1) and high removal efficiency of 99.432%.

scholarly journals Efficient removal of arsenic from water by dielectrophoresis-assisted adsorption

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1066-1072
Author(s):  
Q. H. Jin ◽  
C. Y. Cui ◽  
H. Y. Chen ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
J. F. Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Plant Ash ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

Abstract Adsorption (ADS) and dielectrophoresis (DEP) techniques were combined (ADS/DEP) to efficiently remove As(V) in industrial wastewater. Fly ash, activated carbon, corncob and plant ash were tested to determine the best adsorbent by their adsorption capacity. Plant ash showed the highest adsorption capacity compared with the others. Different parameters such as solution pH and adsorbent dose were explored. The maximum As(V) removal efficiency was 91.4% at the optimized conditions (pH 9.0, adsorbent dose 5 g/L) when the initial concentration of As(V) was 15 mg/L. With the ADS/DEP technique, the plant ash particles with adsorbed As(V) were trapped on the electrodes in a DEP device. The ADS/DEP process could increase the removal efficiency of As(V) to 94.7% at 14 V even when the initial concentration of As(V) was 15 mg/L. And the residual concentration of As(V) decreased to 0.34 mg/L after two series of the ADS/DEP process. The adsorbents before and after DEP were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. After the DEP process, the weight percentage of As(V) on the adsorbent surface increased to 0.96% from 0.5%. The ADS/DEP process could be a new efficient way to remove arsenic pollutant at high concentrations.

Kinetics of lead ion biosorption from aqueous solution onto lyophilized Aspergillus niveus

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hülya Karaca ◽  
Turgay Tay ◽  
Merih Kıvanç
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Lead Ions ◽  
Lead Ion ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Aspergillus Niveus ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The biosorption of lead ions (Pb2+) onto lyophilized fungus Aspergillus niveus was investigated in aqueous solutions in a batch system with respect to pH, contact time and initial concentration of the ions at 30 °C. The maximum adsorption capacity of lyophilized A. niveus was found to be 92.6 mg g−1 at pH 5.1 and the biosorption equilibrium was established about in 30 min. The adsorption capacity obtained is one of the highest value among those reported in the literature. The kinetic data were analyzed using the pseudo-first-order kinetic, pseudo-second-order kinetic, and intraparticle diffusion equations. Kinetic parameters, such as rate constants, equilibrium adsorption capacities, and related correlation coefficients for the kinetic models were calculated and discussed. It was found that the adsorption of lead ions onto lyophilized A. niveus biomass fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm parameters for the lead ion adsorption were applied and the Langmuir model agreed better with the adsorption of lead ions onto lyophilized A. niveus.

scholarly journals Modified/Unmodified Nanoparticle Adsorbents of Cellulose Origin With High Adsorptive Potential for Removal of Pb(II) From Aqueous Solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (27) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Azeh Yakubu ◽  
Gabriel Ademola Olatunji ◽  
Folahan Amoo Adekola
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽  
Kinetics Of

This investigation was conducted to evaluate the adsorption capacity of nanoparticles of cellulose origin. Nanoparticles were synthesized by acid hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose/cellulose acetate using 64% H3PO4 and characterized using FTIR, XRD, TGA-DTGA, BET and SEM analysis. Adsorption kinetics of Pb (II) ions in aqueous solution was investigated and the effect of initial concentration, pH, time, adsorbent dosage and solution temperature. The results showed that adsorption increased with increasing concentration with removal efficiencies of 60% and 92.99% for Azeh2 and Azeh10 respectively for initial lead concentration of 3 mg/g. The effects of contact time showed that adsorption maximum was attained within 24h of contact time. The maximum adsorption capacity and removal efficiency were achieved at pH6. Small dose of adsorbent had better performance. The kinetics of adsorption was best described by the pseudo-second-Order model while the adsorption mechanism was chemisorption and pore diffusion based on intra-particle diffusion model. The isotherm model was Freundlich. Though, all tested isotherm models relatively showed good correlation coefficients ranging from 0.969-1.000. The adsorption process was exothermic for Azeh-TDI, with a negative value of -12.812 X 103 KJ/mol. This indicates that the adsorption process for Pb by Azeh-TDI was spontaneous. Adsorption by Azeh2 was endothermic in nature.

scholarly journals OIL SPILL INCIDENTS AND DISPERSANT APPLICATIONS IN KUWAIT

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Salah M. Al-Mazidi ◽  
Omar Samhan
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
North And South

ABSTRACT Since the discovery of oil in Kuwait, most oil-related activities have been located along the coastline 50 km south of Kuwait City. Other related industrial activities have been developed in this area apart from oil and petroleum products export in order to diversify the national sources of income. For these reasons, the potential for large oil spills in Kuwait's marine environment is highest along the south coast, where oil refineries and exporting facilities are located. An average of 219 barrels of oil were spilled annually between 1979 and 1985, and 2,100 gallons of dispersants were used in cleanup operations. The majority of incidents involved less than 5 barrels of oil and 500 gallons of dispersants. Incidents involving more than 100 barrels of oil and 5,000 gallons of dispersants were confined to the Sea Island and Mina Al-Ahmadi North and South Piers. This distribution undoubtedly affects the concentration of petroleum residues in various components of the marine environment, resulting in an increase in tar ball density along this coast, reaching a maximum at Ras Az-Zor, and significantly higher levels of vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments and oysters collected south of Mina Al-Ahmadi. The objective of this paper is to report on the number, volume, and frequency distribution of oil spill incidents in Kuwait and the usage of dispersants in cleanup operations. Vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations also are described as is the sensitivity of the southern coastal environment to oil spills. Recommendations have been made on how to conduct cleanup operations for any future oil spill incidents along the southern shoreline of Kuwait.

Nanoparticle Fe3O4 magnetized activated carbon from Armeniaca sibirica shell for the adsorption of Hg(II) ions

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 6100-6120
Author(s):  
Yinan Hao ◽  
Yanfei Pan ◽  
Qingwei Du ◽  
Xudong Li ◽  
Ximing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Initial Concentration

Armeniaca sibirica shell activated carbon (ASSAC) magnetized by nanoparticle Fe3O4 prepared from Armeniaca sibirica shell was investigated to determine its adsorption for Hg2+ from wastewater. Fe3O4/ASSAC was characterized using XRD (X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), and BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller). Optimum adsorption parameters were determined based on the initial concentration of Hg2+, reaction time, reaction temperature, and pH value in adsorption studies. The experiment results demonstrated that the specific surface area of ASSAC decreased after magnetization; however the adsorption capacity and removal rate of Hg2+ increased 0.656 mg/g and 0.630%, respectively. When the initial concentration of Hg2+ solution was 250 mg/L and the pH value was 2, the adsorption time was 180 min and the temperature was 30 °C, and with the Fe3O4/ASSAC at 0.05 g, the adsorption reaching 97.1 mg/g, and the removal efficiency was 99.6%. The adsorption capacity of Fe3O4/ASSAC to Hg2+ was in accord with Freundlich isotherm models, and a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation was used to fit the adsorption best. The Gibbs free energy ΔGo < 0，enthalpy change ΔHo < 0, and entropy change ΔSo < 0 which manifested the adsorption was a spontaneous and exothermic process.

Optimization of the Adsorption Process of Bezaktiv Turquoise Blue «VG» Textile Dye onto Diatomite Using the Taguchi Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakim Aguedal ◽  
Abdelkader Iddou ◽  
Janis Locs
Keyword(s):  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Thermal Regeneration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Relevant Factors

A design of experiments based on the Taguchi method was used to evaluate the main parameters affecting the removal of textile dyes from aqueous solution. By using the adsorption capacity of textile dye as target response, several experiments were carried out using L27 orthogonal array, and the higher-the-better as quality characteristics was applied. The controlling factors, including initial dye concentration, contact time and pH of solution were assessed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the effects of each factor on the adsorption capacity. The optimum adsorption conditions giving higher adsorption capacity were selected as initial dye concentration of 500 mg.L-1, contact time of 180 min and pH of solution of 2. The analysis results revealed that the most relevant factors affecting the adsorption process of textile dye are the initial dye concentration and pH of solution. After 3 cycles of thermal regeneration, the diatomite behavior did not change and more than 60 % of dye was eliminated from solution after regeneration at 600°C. From the obtained results, the Taguchi method was very successful to optimize of the adsorption parameters for maximum removal rate, and gives more credibility for industrial application.

scholarly journals Removal of Reactive Orange 16 Dye from Aqueous Solution by Using Modified Kenaf Core Fiber

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maytham Kadhim Obaid ◽  
Luqman Chuah Abdullah ◽  
Intidhar Jabir Idan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Trimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Kenaf Core ◽  
Reactive Orange 16 ◽  
Core Fiber ◽  
Reactive Orange

Evaluated removal of reactive orange 16 (RO16) dye from aqueous solution was studied in batch mode by using kenaf core fiber as low-cost adsorbents. In this attempt, kenaf core fiber with size 0.25–1 mm was treated by using (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CHMAC) as quaternization agent. Then effective parameters include adsorbent dose, pH, and contact time and initial dye concentration on adsorption by modified kenaf core fiber was investigated. In addition, isotherms and kinetics adsorption studies were estimated for determination of the equilibrium adsorption capacity and reactions dynamics, respectively. Results showed that the best dose of MKCF was 0.1 g/100 mL, the maximum removal of RO16 was 97.25 at 30°C, pH = 6.5, and agitation speed was 150 rpm. The results also showed that the equilibrium data were represented by Freundlich isotherm with correlation coefficientsR2=0.9924, and the kinetic study followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with correlation coefficientsR2=0.9997forCo=100 mg/L. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity was 416.86 mg/g. Adsorption through kenaf was found to be very effective for the removal of the RO16 dye.

scholarly journals Economic aspects of the development of the world markets of petroleum products since the middle of the XX century

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Marina Shamsutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
World Markets ◽  
The World ◽  
Total Capacity

The study of the development of the world markets of petroleum products in the period from 1950 to 2021 allows us to conclude that up to 2014 there was a steady increase in the total capacity of the world oil industry . The increase in capacity occurred against the background of a quantitative decrease in oil refineries and an increase in their production capacity. The decrease in the number of small oil refining units was accompanied by an increase in the average capacity in the oil industry.

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