Analysis of Glu-1 loci in hybrid Triticum spelta L. × Triticum aestivum L.

Aim. Determination of allelic status of genes in samples of winter spelt and bread wheat varieties and their interspecific hybrids, as well as a comparative analysis of specific combinations of loci and characteristics of grain quality. Methods. We used the method of multiplexed PCR. Results. DNA analysis of allelic status of genes of loci Glu-A1 and Glu-D1 in samples of winter spelt and their interspecific hybrids with bread wheat samples allowed to isolate spelt and hybrid combinations that could be promising for further breeding. It was shown that the allele d of locus Glu-D1 improves the baking properties of hybrids. Conclusions. Genetic improvement spelt by interspecific hybridization with varieties of bread wheat that contain only d allele of locus Glu-D1 can give rise to lines with high protein and good baking qualities.Keywords: Triticum spelta L., T. aestivum L., PCR, loci Glu-1, PCR-analysis.

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Analysis of Glu-1 loci in samples of rare wheat species and their hybrides

Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv ◽

10.7124/feeo.v23.1000 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 120-125

Author(s):

S. M. Sichkar ◽

L. H. Velykozhon ◽

O. V. Dubrovna ◽

B. V. Morgun

Keyword(s):

Bread Wheat ◽

Hexaploid Wheat ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Dasypyrum Villosum ◽

Wheat Species ◽

Triticum Spelta ◽

Spring Bread Wheat ◽

Breeding Work ◽

Allele Composition

Aim. Determination of the allelic composition of Glu-1 loci in samples of rare wheat species and their hybrids with spring bread wheat. Methods. PCR analysis. Results. In existing collection samples of the rare wheat species the alleles of the a/c loci Glu-A1 were found, while allele b was found only in T.dicoccum, var. volgense (Emmer Kokchetavskaya). An additional amplicon with a length of 450 bp was found in the Glu-A1 locus in the sample (T. dicoccum × Dasypyrum villosum), and in (Ae. ventricosa × T. dicoccum) another one a length of 700 bp in genome B, was found require further research. Among hexaploid wheat, it was revealed genotypes differing in the presence of alleles a and d of the locus Glu-D1. The hybridity of the received forms has been confirmed, as evidenced by the identification of both parent components in the hybrids or alleles of the Glu-D1 locus of bread wheat in hybrids with emmer. Conclusions. Analysis of the allele composition of Glu1 locuses in samples of rare wheat species and their hybrids with bread wheat allowed to select genotypes and hybrid combinations that may be promising for further breeding work. Keywords: Triticum spelta L., T. dicoccum, hybrids, PCR analysis, Glu-1 locus.

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Do Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum spelta L. Hybrids Constitute a Promising Source Material for Quality Breeding ofNew Wheat Varieties?

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10010043 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 43 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elżbieta Suchowilska ◽

Marian Wiwart ◽

Rudolf Krska ◽

Wolfgang Kandler

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Source Material ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Triticum Spelta ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Promising Source

The aim of this two-year study was to determine whether the contents of macronutrients and macro and microelements in wheat grain can be increased by crossbreeding Triticum aestivum and T. spelta. The experimental material comprised the grains of F6 and F7 hybrids and their parental forms. The element content of grain was determined by ICP-SFMS. Hybrid grains had significantly higher ash contents than bread wheat grain (1.90% and 1.93% versus 1.62%). Crude protein content was lowest in bread wheat grain (11.75%) and highest in spelt grain (14.67%). Hybrid grains had significantly higher protein contents (12.97% and13.19%) than bread wheat grain. In both years of the study, the concentrations of P, S, Mg and Ca were highest in spelt grain, whereas their content in hybrids was lower than in spelt grain, but higher than in bread wheat grain. The concentrations of desirable microelements were highest in spelt grain, and the micronutrient profile of hybrid grains was more similar to bread wheat than spelt. Therefore, the hybrids can constitute promising source material for quality breeding in wheat.

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Allele frequencies of Ppd-D1a, Ppd-B1a, and Ppd-B1c of photoperiodic sensitivity genes in spring bread wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) of various origin

Agricultural science and practice ◽

10.15407/agrisp8.01.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 3-13

Author(s):

I. Balashova ◽

V. Fait

Keyword(s):

Bread Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Allele Frequencies ◽

Spring Bread Wheat ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Specific Pcr ◽

Allelic Status ◽

Economically Valuable Traits ◽

The Usa ◽

Low Incidence

Aim. To identify and evaluate allele frequencies of Ppd-D1a, Ppd-B1a, Ppd-B1c and Ppd-1 of the genotypes of spring bread wheat varieties from various climatic zones. Methods. DNA isolation, allele-specific PCR, electrophoresis in agarose and polyacrylamide gel, statistical analysis. Results. 137 varieties of spring bread wheat of various origin were detected to identify Ppd-1 genotypes of Ppd-D1a, Ppd-B1a and Ppd-B1c allele carriers. The results for the total sampling of the varieties under investigation and the sampling of Asian varieties yielded six different Ppd-1 genotypes in each. As for samplings of other regions, there were from two (Mexico) to four (Europe, the USA, Canada, Ukraine) Ppd-1 genotypes. In the total sampling of varieties, there was a high incidence (20.5 %) of genotypes, dominant only in allele Ppd-D1a, varying from 0 (Russia) to 85.0 % (Mexico). The incidence of the genotypes with monogenically dominant Ppd-B1a (7.3 %) or Ppd-B1c (5.1 %) in the total sampling, was considerably lower. These genotypes were most common for the sampling of the varieties from the USA and Canada (25.0 and 16.7 % respectively). Digenically dominant Ppd-D1a Ppd-B1a genotypes were found in the total sampling with relatively low incidence (7.3 %), and were notable for the varieties from Asia (33.4 %), Mexico (15.0 %), Ukraine (13.1 %), and Europe (3.1 %). The di genically dominant genotype Ppd-D1a Ppd-B1с was found only in the Japanese variety Konosu-25. Gene Ppd-A1 was present in all the spring varieties under investigation in its recessive state. Conclusions. Out of three dominant alleles in the studied sampling, the highest incidence was noted for allele Ppd-D1a (28.5 %). All the varieties from Mexico, present in the set, carry this allele. At the same time, it was not found in any variety from Russia. Allele Ppd-B1a was detected in the varieties from all the regions with the incidence of 7.7 (Russia) – 44.4 % (Asia). Allele Ppd-B1c was sporadically present in the varieties from Russia, Ukraine, the USA, Japan, and Brazil, and its incidence in the total sampling was insignificant (5.8 %). The varieties, identified by the allelic status of Ppd-1 genes, may be used as donors for selection and determination of the influence of alleles for each gene by the development rate and related economically valuable traits of bread wheat.

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Novel hypergravity treatment enhances root phenotype and positively influences physio-biochemical parameters in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94771-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Basavalingayya K. Swamy ◽

Ravikumar Hosamani ◽

Malarvizhi Sathasivam ◽

S. S. Chandrashekhar ◽

Uday G. Reddy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bread Wheat ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Phenotypic Variability ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Hormonal Changes ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Physiological Benefits

AbstractHypergravity—an evolutionarily novel environment has been exploited to comprehend the response of living organisms including plants in the context of extra-terrestrial applications. Recently, researchers have shown that hypergravity induces desired phenotypic variability in seedlings. In the present study, we tested the utility of hypergravity as a novel tool in inducing reliable phenotype/s for potential terrestrial crop improvement applications. To investigate, bread wheat seeds (UAS-375 genotype) were subjected to hypergravity treatment (10×g for 12, and 24 h), and evaluated for seedling vigor and plant growth parameters in both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. It was also attempted to elucidate the associated biochemical and hormonal changes at different stages of vegetative growth. Resultant data revealed that hypergravity treatment (10×g for 12 h) significantly enhanced root length, root volume, and root biomass in response to hypergravity. The robust seedling growth phenotype may be attributed to increased alpha-amylase and TDH enzyme activities observed in seeds treated with hypergravity. Elevated total chlorophyll content and Rubisco (55 kDa) protein expression across different stages of vegetative growth in response to hypergravity may impart physiological benefits to wheat growth. Further, hypergravity elicited robust endogenous phytohormones dynamics in root signifying altered phenotype/s. Collectively, this study for the first time describes the utility of hypergravity as a novel tool in inducing reliable root phenotype that could be potentially exploited for improving wheat varieties for better water usage management.

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Receiving of genetic-modified wheat plants with heterolous ornitin-δ-aminotransferase gene

Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv ◽

10.7124/feeo.v22.952 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 222-227

Author(s):

O. M. Honcharuk ◽

O. V. Dubrovna

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Transgenic Plants ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Binary Vector ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Callus Cultures ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Genetic Construct ◽

Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation

Aim. Receiving of genetically modified plants of bread wheat with heterologous ornithine‑δ‑aminotransferase gene. Methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of callus cultures in vitro, PCR-analysis. Results. By Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the morphogenic calluses of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using the AGLO strain containing the binary vector pBi-OAT with the target ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (oat) and selective neomycinphosphotransferase II (nptII), transgenic plants-regenerators have been obtained. Conclusions. As a result of the genetic transformation of Zimoyarka variety, 12 wheat regenerants were obtained in the genome which revealed a complete integration of the genetic construct containing the oat and nptII transgenes. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, ornithine‑δ‑aminotransferase gene, PCR-analysis.

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Nutritional characteristics of ancient Tuscan varieties of Triticum aestivum L.

Italian Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.4081/ija.2016.750 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lisetta Ghiselli ◽

Eleonora Rossi ◽

Anne Whittaker ◽

Giovanni Dinelli ◽

Adriano Pasqualino Baglio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Point Of View ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Equal Proportion ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Functional Point

Bread wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) is an important cereal in human consumption. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in ancient wheat varieties. The latter represent an important source of germplasm, characterized by a broader genetic base and, therefore, a potential source of biodiversity. The objective of the study was to ascertain the optimal balance between the presence of secondary metabolites having beneficial effects on health and technological features that ensure successful baking quality. The experimental trial was performed in 2011-2012 on three organic farms located in three different areas within the province of Siena (Tuscany). In each location, an overall evaluation of the commercial, rheological and functional properties of five ancient Tuscan bread wheat varieties (Andriolo, Frassineto, Gentil rosso, Inallettabile 96, Verna) as compared with a commercial modern variety (Palesio) was carried out. The ancient varieties were compared both singularly (pure) and in combination (mixtures) of two varieties in equal proportion, respectively. Biometric and productive parameters were detected for each plot (32 plots in each farm). Macro- and trace elements, polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity (ARP) were similarly determined on representative whole grain samples. Rheological analysis was carried out on flour samples. The multivariate statistical analysis using principal components (PC) analysis was performed on all variables analysed. The results showed a significant environment effect on the different parameters measured and did not reveal significant improvements in the variables measured when varieties were cultivated in mixtures. However, the study did reveal various interesting trends that are warranting of further investigation. The most interesting effect from a nutritional and functional point of view is the relationship between ARP, rheological properties, protein content and gluten content. These connections permit the potential towards the improvement of ancient varieties.

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The determination of the resistance inheritance against common bunt in wheat and half-diallel hybrids

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/153/2018-pps ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 254-260

Author(s):

Gülçin Akgören Palabiyik ◽

İsmail Poyraz ◽

Ahmet Umay

Keyword(s):

Disease Resistance ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Common Bunt ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Complete Dominance ◽

Selection For ◽

Half Diallel ◽

Dominant Genes

This study was conducted to determine the inheritance of common bunt resistance in twelve bread wheat varieties and their half-diallel hybrids in Turkey. The disease ratings were performed on the F2 generations of the hybrids in field conditions. The obtained data were analysed by the χ2 test to determine the effective gene numbers and inheritance type in the disease resistance. In addition, the data were evaluated according to the Jinks-Hayman diallel analyses. In conclusion, it was found that of the twelve wheat parents, four contained three resistance genes and four of them contain two resistance genes. The dominant genes were prominent in the population and complete dominance was present. Therefore, the selection for disease resistance should be delayed until the following generations.

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Investigation of morphogenesis of inflorescence and determination of the nature of inheritance of “supernumerary spikelets” trait of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mutant line

Russian Journal of Developmental Biology ◽

10.1134/s1062360414060034 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 361-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

O. B. Dobrovolskaya ◽

E. D. Badaeva ◽

I. G. Adonina ◽

O. M. Popova ◽

A. A. Krasnikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Mutant Line ◽

Supernumerary Spikelets

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Determination of the Rheological Properties of Red and White Bread Wheat Flours with Different Methods

10.20944/preprints202001.0172.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Pelin Dölek Ekinci ◽

Incilay Gökbulut

Keyword(s):

Rheological Properties ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

White Bread ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Flour Dough ◽

Wheat Flour Dough ◽

Wheat Flours ◽

Average Development

In this study, rheological properties of the bread wheat flour dough from 6 wheat genotypes were determined. For the pereparation of flour, 3 red bread (Pandas, Sagitorya, Pehlivan) and 3 white bread (Kaşifbey, Göktan, Ceyhan-99) were selected as wheat genotype. To determine the rheological properties of the wheat flour dough, farinograph, extensograph, mixolab and glutograph devices were used. According to the results of the Farinograph analysis, the average development time of wheat White and red genotypes were 1.95 minutes and 8.96 minutes, respectively. According to the extensograph results of the flour samples, the most extended stability value was determined with 7.47 min in Ceyhan-99 cultivar. As a result of the research, it was determined that flour yields of red bread varieties were higher other genotypes, gas retention capacities of white bread flours were showed high result in extensograph application and resistance of dough to elongation was higher. In the Mixolab analysis, it determined that white bread wheat varieties have higher values in terms of kneading properties and gluten properties, and red bread wheat varieties have higher values in values of viscosity, amylase value and starch retrogradation.

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