scholarly journals Voksende Samlinger. Om at skabe, arkivere og forske i folkloristiske optegnelser

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Lene Vinther Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Fundamental Conception ◽  
Subject Categories ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Cross Reference ◽  
Archive Material

Lene Vinther Andersen: Growing Collections: Recording, Archiving and Researching early Danish Folklore The article gives an introduction to the original main collection of the Danish Folklore Archives, entitled Voksende Samlinger (Growing Collections). Growing Collections is an abundant collection of records on folklore and immaterial culture with a focus on the 19th century. Yet the material can appear complicated to understand, fragmented and difficult to use for archive users who are not already familiar with the field and its history.  The article examines the cataloguing principles and working methods of the Growing Collections, as well as the visions and ideas on which they are based. It is the ambition of the article to give readers insights into the possibilities and limitations of the Growing Collections, and to encourage readers to use the collection for their own research.  A review of the cataloguing structure of the Growing Collections reveals that the records are systematically divided into a number of subject categories following a system devised by Svend Grundtvig in 1861. This systematization is associated with a fundamental conception of folklore as being a source to access a distant past. A close reading of the instructions and articles intended for potential folklore collectors gives an idea of how the researchers of the archives tried to control the form and content of the records created for the archives. Their goal was to collect, cleanse, split up and archive folklore records in the collections, which the researchers would later process and return to the general public as a large number of source publications that generally matched the subject categories of the archives. The publications turned out to be more demanding than first assumed, and the work was not achieved to the extent foreseen. Yet the Danish Folklore Archives continued to create archive material based on the aforementioned working methods and ideals up to around 1960, and the result was a well-ordered collection of folklore records with detailed metadata and an extensive catalogue. It is also a collection characterised by a radical splitting-up of material, and a focus on subjects that interested the researchers at the time.  In view of the history of the Growing Collections and its underlying philosophy, it will, however, be possible to locate material that is of relevance to contemporary research interests, and the use of consistent metadata makes it possible to cross-reference both the material in the Growing Collections and in other archives. The article concludes with some specific proposals for the use of the material in cultural history research, as well as some reservations with regard to methodology that might be considered.

Retro-Digitization of Croatian Pre-Standard Grammars

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-310
Author(s):  
Marijana Horvat ◽  
Martina Kramarić
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Web Portal ◽  
Printed Media ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Language Text

In this article, we will present the rich linguistic heritage of the Croatian language and our attempts to ensure its preservation and presentation to the general public by means of the "Retro-digitization and Interpretation of Croatian Grammar Books before Illyrism ‒ RETROGRAM" project. There is a long tradition of grammatical description in the history of the Croatian language. The first grammar book of the Croatian language was written at the beginning of the 17th century and the first grammar book written in Croatian was compiled in the middle of the 17th century. In later years, when literary and linguistic activity were transferred from the Dalmatian area to the northern and eastern part of Croatia, the Latin model for the description of the Croatian language was still present, even though German was also used. There were a large number of grammars written up to the second half of the 19th century, which are considered pre-standard Croatian grammars. They are the subject of research within the project "Pre-standard Croatian Grammars" at the Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics. This research proposal "Retro-digitization and Interpretation of Croatian Grammar Books before Illyrism" aims to create a model for the retro-digitization of the chosen eight Pre-standard Croatian Grammars (written from the 17th until the 19th century). The retro-digitization of Croatian grammar books implies the transfer of printed media to computer-readable and searchable text. It also includes a multilevel mark-up of transcribed or translated grammar text. The next step of the project is the creation of a Web Portal of Pre-standard Croatian Grammars, on which both the facsimiles and the digitized text of the grammars will be presented. Our aim is to present to the wider and international public the attainments of the Croatian language and linguistics as an important part of Croatian culture in general. Keywords: pre-standard Croatian grammars, history of the Croatian language, retro-digitization, Extensible mark-up language, Text encoding initiative, web portal of pre-standard Croatian grammars

scholarly journals Piśmiennictwo religijne Tatarów Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego jako oryginalne źródło do badań polszczyzny północnokresowej

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-110
Author(s):  
Joanna Kulwicka-Kamińska
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
The North ◽  
Religious Writings ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Analyses ◽  
The 19Th Century

The religious writings of the Tatars constitute a valuable source for philological research due to the presence of heretofore unexplored grammatical and lexical layers of the north borderland Polish language of the 16th-20th centuries and due to the interference-related and transfer-related processes in the context of Slavic languages and Slavic-Oriental contacts. Therefore the basis for linguistic analyses is constituted by one of the most valuable monuments of this body of writing – the first translation of the Quran into a Slavic language in the world (probably representing the north borderland Polish language), which assumed the form of a tefsir. The source of linguistic analyses is constituted by the Olita tefsir, which dates back to 1723 (supplemented and corrected in the 19th century). On the basis of the material that was excerpted from this work the author presents both borderland features described in the subject literature and tries to point the new or only sparsely confirmed facts in the history of the Polish language, including the formation of the north borderland Polish language on the Belarusian substrate. Research involves all levels of language – the phonetic-phonological, morphological, syntactic and the lexical-semantic levels.

Le « serpent de mer du Constitutionnel », « cet admirable et immortel canard ». Examen d’un running gag médiatique

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-91
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Buard
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Police Investigation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sea Serpent ◽  
The 19Th Century

This paper assesses the reality and sources of the Constitutionnel's sea serpent case, attributing to this newspaper the authorship of the invention of this journalist's joke (hoax), circulated as a running gag during the 19th century. The subject is not so much the dissemination of sea serpent stories as this problematic attribution, which became traditional in the history of the French press. At the end of our inquiry, after what might seem like a police investigation, it is established that the first mention of a sea serpent indeed really took place in this newspaper in 1817-18, when it was called the Journal du commerce, a paper that had no exclusivity in the dissemination of this hoax, which had its source in American papers. Before the digitization of newspapers, it was difficult if not impossible to find brief mentions or even articles on these elusive subjects. It was therefore easy to make fun of them without having to provide any proof or justification.

scholarly journals Quarantine as a tool of epidemic fight

2020 ◽  
pp. 180-195
Author(s):  
Renata E. Paliga
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Epidemiological Tool ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Economic Balance ◽  
The 19Th Century

Until the 19th century, the factor causing epidemics was not known, and the escape from a place where it occurred as well as isolation of patients was considered to be the only effective way to avoid illness and death. Quarantine in a sense similar to modern times was used in 1377 in Ragusa, today’s Dubrovnik, during the plague epidemic. It was the first administratively imposed procedure in the world’s history. It was later used in Venice and other rich port cities in the Mediterranean. On the territory of today’s Poland, quarantine measures were used by the so-called Mayor of the Air – LukaszDrewno in 1623 during the plague epidemic in Warsaw. The quarantine left its mark on all areas of human activity. It affected all humanity in a way that is underestimated today. Throughout history, it has been described and presented visually. It is omnipresent in the world literature, art and philosophy. However, the isolation and closure of cities, limiting trade, had an impact on the economic balance, and the dilemma between the choice of inhabitants’ health and the quality of existence, i.e. their wealth, has been the subject of discussions since the Middle Ages. Since the end of the 19th century, quarantine has lost its practical meaning. The discovery of bacteria and a huge development of medical and social sciences allowed limiting its range. In the 20th century isolation and quarantine no longer had a global range, because the ability to identify factors causing the epidemic, knowledge about the incubation period, carrier, infectiousness, enabled the rational determination of its duration and territorial range. The modern SARS COV 2 pandemic has resulted in a global quarantine on a scale unprecedented for at least three hundred years. The aim of this paper is to present the history of quarantine from its beginning to the present day, including its usefulness as an epidemiological tool.

Libraries of Educations Institutions in Russia in the First Half of 19th Century

2010 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Elena A. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
School Libraries ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century

Libraries are the integral part of cultural history of Russia. Widespread opening of school libraries in the Russian Empire began in the early 19th century. They began opening school libraries across Russia in the beginning of the 19th century. The paper aims to show the formation and development of libraries in educational institutions of Russia in the first half of the 19th century. The research is based on legislative documents regulating the functions of activity of school libraries and archival materials on the Russian history of the 19th century.

Dzieje Pałacu Biskupiego w Krakowie w latach 1815-1894

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlena Hajduk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Doctoral Dissertation ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Central Archive

THE HISTORY OF THE BISHOP’S PALACE IN THE 19TH CENTURY KRAKOW The subject of my doctoral dissertation is the history of the Bishop’s Palace in Krakow in the 19th Century. The main issue I tried to solve in my thesis was to establish what kind of function had the Bishop’s Palace in Krakow in the 19th Century. In order to gather relevant information I searched archival documents in 26 archives, including in particular: The Archive of the Metropolitan Curia in Krakow, The Archive of the Chapter of the Cathedral in Krakow, The National Archive in Krakow, The Jagiellonian Library, The Central Archive of Historical Records in Warsaw, The Secret Vatican Archive in Rome, The National Archive in Vienna.

scholarly journals Pre-Revolutionary Historiography of the History of Local Self-Government in Buryat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirap Tsydene ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
State Building ◽  
Scientific Thought ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century

With the inclusion of Buryats in the Russian state, the need arose to create management mechanisms and inclusion are of the Buryats in Russian culture. This need became the subject of research by theoreticians of scientific thought and state building, which formed over the 19th century, the historiographic foundation. The article highlights the issues formed and the development of historiography on the history of local self-government.

scholarly journals THE POETIC WORLD OF I. A. KURATOV

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-642
Author(s):  
Lidiya Egorovna Surnina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Objective World ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
The Real ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Subjective Level

I. A. Kuratov’s creative activity has been an outstanding phenomenon in the history of Komi and Finno-Ugrian literatures. In the period of the democratic enlightenment the incipient Komi literature which was written by I. A. Kuratov in terms of the real illustration of the nation’s life was in line with literatures with old traditions. It is known, that I. A. Kuratov was not the sole writer of the 19th century, such names as G. Lytkin, P. Rasputin, P. Klochkov, M. Istomin and others are also well known. I. Kuratov knew about literary experiments by the Komi writers of the beginning of the 19th century. The critical perception of the works by these authors helped him to a certain degree to comprehend which targets must the poet solve, who represents a small nation of Russia. This article deals with the study of I. Kuratov’s lyric system, which is multi-subject, containing different ways of expressing the author’s consciousness. The relevance of the work is due to research opportunities that open up the study of the subjective system of works to reveal the individual author's system of the Komi poet. Poems of peasant themes by I. Kuratov are analyzed. The subject of the research is the subject organization as one of the most important ways of expressing the author's consciousness. I. Kuratov strives to embody the idea of the internal unity of the rural collective both at the heroic and at the structural and subjective level. Such a task materializes both in the sphere of subject organization and in the structure of the text itself, each element of which (artistic space, imagery series, motive complex, objective world, composition, plot) somehow becomes a means of representing the author's discourse.

scholarly journals Die Entwicklung der Homöopathie in den Vereinigten Staaten

Gesnerus ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 84-100
Author(s):  
Josef M. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

After an enormous spread in the United States of America during the 19th century homeopathy had almost completely vanished from the scene by the beginning of the 20th century. For the past two decades, however, it seems once again to experience a kind of renaissance. Major aspects of this development—in terms of medical and cultural history, sociology, politics, and economics—are illustrated on the basis of a general history of homeopathy in the United States. Using original sources, a first attempt is made to reconstruct the history of homeopathy in San Francisco which has some institutional peculiarities that make it unique within the whole country.

scholarly journals Periodization of the history of Ukrainian culture of the nineteenth century: basic models

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Oksana Malanchuk-Rybak
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article explores the historiographical developments concerning the periodization of the history of Ukrainian culture of the 19th century. The first model is the periodization of cultural and national revival in 19th century Ukraine. Main periods: academic (the time of collecting cultural and historical heritage); organizational (the time of creation of national cultural and educational organizations); political (the time of creation of parties and other organizations that enable the nation to participate in political processes). The basic idea of this periodization is to show the processes of building of the nation and building of the country in the nineteenth century through the emergence and development of new phenomena in culture. The second model is the Pan-European cultural and historical periodization, which identifies such major periods of the nineteenth-century cultural history like Romanticism and Positivism.

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