scholarly journals Self-Compassion as a Compensatory Resilience Factor for the Negative Emotional Outcomes of Alcohol- Involved Sexual Assault among Undergraduates

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-69
Author(s):  
N.J. Strickland ◽  
C. Wekerle ◽  
I.L. Kehayes ◽  
K. Thompson ◽  
K. Dobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Lower Order ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Common Humanity ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Emotional Outcomes ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Compassion Scale

Objectives: Approximately half of sexual assaults involve alcohol; these assaults tend to be more severe and may be more likely to result in negative emotional outcomes like anxiety and depression (Ullman & Najdowski, 2010). Self-compassion (SC; extending kindness and care towards oneself) may promote resilience from the negative emotional consequences of alcohol-involved sexual assault (AISA). This study examined SC as a resilience factor, testing whether it attenuates and/or counteracts the association between AISA and negative emotional outcomes. Methods: Undergraduate drinkers (N = 785) completed measures tapping past-term AISA (Kehayes, et al., 2019), SC (i.e., Self-Compassion Scale; Neff, 2003), and anxiety and depression (Kessler et al., 2002). The Self-Compassion Scale was scored as two higherorder domains (self-caring, self-criticism) each with three lower-order facets (self-kindness, mindfulness, and common humanity; over-identification, self-judgment, and isolation). Results: Supporting compensatory effects, the higher-order SC domains showed main effects: the presence of self-caring and relative absence of self-criticism counteracted the adverse effects of AISA on both anxiety and depression. Similarly, the lower-order SC facets showed main effects: the presence of self-kindness and relative absence of overidentification counteracted the adverse effects of AISA on anxiety/depression – with therelative absence of self-judgment and isolation additionally counteracting the effect of AISA on depression. Conclusion: SC works as a compensatory resilience factor for the association between AISA and anxiety/depression. Implications: SC interventions with attention towards increasing self-kindness and decreasing negative facets of SC may be important for negative emotional outcomes in general, including those following AISA.

Clarifying the Factor Structure of the Self-Compassion Scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelle J. Strickland ◽  
Raquel Nogueira-Arjona ◽  
Sean Mackinnon ◽  
Christine Wekerle ◽  
Sherry H. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Lower Order ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Compassion Scale

Abstract. Self-compassion is associated with greater well-being and lower psychopathology. There are mixed findings regarding the factor structure and scoring of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). Using confirmatory factor analysis, we tested and conducted nested comparisons of six previously posited factor structures of the SCS. Participants were N = 1,158 Canadian undergraduates (72.8% women, 26.6% men, 0.6% non-binary; Mage = 19.0 years, SD = 2.3). Results best supported a two-factor hierarchical model with six lower-order factors. A general self-compassion factor was not supported at the higher- or lower-order levels; thus, a single total score is not recommended. Given the hierarchical structure, researchers are encouraged to use structural equation models of the SCS with two latent variables: self-caring and self-coldness. A strength of this study is the large sample, while the undergraduate sample may limit generalizability.

Self-compassion and insomnia at pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s268-s268 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Marques ◽  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
V. Freitas ◽  
E. Bento ◽  
J. Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
The Self ◽  
Common Humanity ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Compassion Scale ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms ◽  
In Pregnancy

IntroductionMindfulness based programs during pregnancy (some including self-compassion components) increase self-compassion, mindfulness and maternal self-efficacy, and reduce anxiety, stress and psychological distress in pregnant women. According to our knowledge, there are no studies about the association between self-compassion and sleep outcomes in pregnancy.ObjectiveTo explore differences in self-compassion, between three sleep groups, in a sample of Portuguese pregnant women.MethodsFour hundred and nineteen pregnant women (mean age: 32.51 ± 4.759; weeks of gestation: 17.32 ± 4.803) completed the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS, Bento et al., 2015), presenting six dimensions (self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness and over-identification) and the Insomnia Assessment Scale (Marques et al., 2015). Three sleep groups were formed: good sleepers (no insomnia symptoms; no associated daily impairment); insomnia symptoms groups (one/more insomnia symptoms; no associated daily impairment); insomniacs (one/more insomnia symptoms; daily associated impairment).ResultsThere were significant differences in the total SCS, self-judgment, isolation and over-identification scores, between sleep groups [respectively, F (2,396) = 7,926, P ≤ 0,001; F (2,409) = 19,155, P ≤ 0,001; F (2,410) = 13,016, P ≤ 0,001; F (2,412) = 11,258, P ≤ 0,001]. Self-judgement, isolation and over-identification scores of good sleepers and insomnia symptoms group were higher than of insomniacs. Total SCS score of good sleepers was higher than of insomniacs and the same score of symptoms of insomnia group was also higher than of insomniacs.ConclusionsResults seem to show the importance of developing self-compassion to improve sleep in pregnancy or reduce the impact of insomnia symptoms (common at pregnancy).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Validation of the self-compassion scale in a community sample of Portuguese pregnant women

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s238-s238 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bento ◽  
S. Xavier ◽  
J. Azevedo ◽  
M. Marques ◽  
V. Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
The Self ◽  
Common Humanity ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Compassion Scale

IntroductionIn recent years, researchers and clinicians have shown an increasing interest in self-compassion. Indeed, several studies have suggested that self-compassion is a positive factor for mental and physical health. The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003) has been widely used to assess six dimensions of self-compassion (self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness and over-identification) among diverse populations. Recently, it has also been used in perinatal samples but its psychometric properties in pregnant women is still unexplored.ObjectiveThis study aims was to investigate the reliability and the validity of the SCS using Confirmatory Factor Analysis in a sample of Portuguese pregnant women.MethodsParticipants were 417 pregnant women with a mean age of 33 years old (SD = 4.74) in their second trimester of pregnancy (M = 17.26, SD = 4.78, weeks of gestation). Participants completed the Portuguese version of the SCS while waiting for the routine prenatal consultation in Maternity Hospital, Portugal.ResultsA was tested and results showed that the six-factor model had a good fit to the data (TLI = 0.93, CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.06). The total SCS presented a good internal reliability (α = 0.91) and their subscales showed Cronbach's alphas ranging between adequate (α = 0.77) and good (α = 0.87).ConclusionsOverall, these findings suggest that the Portuguese version of the SCS is a valid and reliable measure to assess self-compassion among pregnant women. Thus, SCS could be useful in diverse settings in the perinatal period.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN SELF-COMPASSION PADA MAHASISWA KEPERAWATAN TINGKAT SATU [DESCRIPTION OF SELF-COMPASSION IN FIRST YEAR NURSING STUDENTS]

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Meyliana Megawati Hartono ◽  
Monika Kristin Aritonang ◽  
Maya Ariska ◽  
Veronica Paula ◽  
Novita Susilawati Barus
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Nursing Student ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Private University ◽  
The Self ◽  
First Year ◽  
Common Humanity ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Compassion Scale

<p><em>Self-compassion is extending compassion to one’s self by seeing failure as a positive thing not to blame yourself. Compassion represents six main components, namely self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, and over identification. As a nursing student it is important to be able to apply self-compassion to herself before becoming a nurse. It can be seen that first year nursing students at Private University in west Indonesia come from various regions throughout Indonesia, where culture is one of the factors that affect the self-compassion they have. Research Objectives to determine the level of self-compassion in first- year nursing students at Private University in west Indonesia. This study uses quantitative descriptive design methods. The sampling technique used total sampling with a total of 216. The questionnaire used in this study is the Self-compassion Scale (SCS) with a total of 26 questions. The description of self-compassion possessed by first year nursing students at Private University in west Indonesia is categorized high (95%) so that it can be said that self-compassion possessed by first year nursing students can treat a person and yourself well and understand each person's shortcomings. The next researcher can conduct qualitative research to all nursing students and nurses to find out their self-compassion.</em></p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA </strong>Self-compassion merupakan belas kasih kepada diri sendiri dengan memandang kegagalan sebagai perihal positif untuk tidak menyalahkan diri sendiri. Belas kasih memiliki enam komponen utama yaitu self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, dan over identification. Sebagai mahasiswa keperawatan penting untuk dapat menerapkan self-compassion pada dirinya sendiri, sebelum menjadi perawat. Dapat diketahui mahasiswa keperawatan tingkat satu Universitas Swasta Indonesia Bagian Barat berasal dari berbagai daerah di seluruh Indonesia, dimana budaya merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi self-compassion yang dimiliki. Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui tingkat self-compassion pada mahasiswa keperawatan tingkat satu Universitas Swasta Indonesia Bagian Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode desain deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah 216 responden. Kuesioner yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Self-compassion Scale (SCS) dengan jumlah 26 soal. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan gambaran self-compassion yang dimiliki mahasiswa keperawatan tingkat satu Universitas Swasta Indonesia Bagian Barat dikategorikan tinggi (95%) sehingga dapat dikatakan self-compassion yang dimiliki mahasiswa keperawatan tingkat satu dapat memperlakukan seseorang dan diri sendiri secara baik serta memahami kekurangan setiap orang. Peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian secara kualitatif kepada semua mahasiswa keperawatan maupun perawat untuk mengetahui self-compassion yang dimiliki.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals El papel predictivo de la autocompasión de atrapamiento en estudiantes universitarios turcos

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
Ahmet Akin ◽  
Umran Akin
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Common Humanity ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Compassion Scale ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

The purpose of this study is to examine the predictive role of self-compassion on entrapment. Participants were 338 university students (185 women, 153 men; M age = 20.5 yr.). In this study, the Self-compassion Scale and the Entrapment Scale were used. The relationships between self-compassion and entrapment were examined using correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. In correlation analysis, self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness factors of self-compassion were found negatively and self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification factors of self-compassion were found positively related to entrapment. According to regression results, entrapment was predicted positively by self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification. Further self-kindness and common humanity predicted entrapment in a negative way. Self-compassion has explained 50% of the variance in entrapment. The results were discussed in the light of the related literature and dependent recommendations to the area were given.

scholarly journals Adaptation of the self-compassion scale for Bangladeshi culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Sumaiya Habib ◽  
Jamiun Naher
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Total Correlation ◽  
Original Scale ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Compassion Scale

Self-compassion is a raising construct in the field of positive psychology. Evidence supported that self-compassion is an important factor in increasing psychological well-being and reducing symptoms of anxiety, depression and rumination. In the present study, authors determined the psychometric properties of the Bangla version of Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). The study was carried out in a sample of 160 adults, ranging from 18 to 28 years old. Although the original scale has 26 items, in item-total correlation analysis it was found that 24 items in the questionnaire were significantly correlated with total items, the rest two items consumed negative/low correlation (below 0.30). So, these two items were excluded from the Bangla version and 24 items were selected for the final version of the SCS. The internal consistency of the SCS was computed by Cronbach’s Alpha which was 0.83 and the split-half coefficient of the scale was 0.84. Thus the results support the Bangla SCS is suitable for use in Bangladeshi culture. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(1): 37-44, 2020 (January)

Does sexual violence contribute to elevated rates of anxiety and depression in females?

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. FERGUSSON, ◽  
N. R. SWAIN-CAMPBELL ◽  
L. J. HORWOOD
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Internalizing Disorders ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Internalizing Disorder

Background. It is well documented that females have higher rates of internalizing disorders (anxiety, depression) than males. It is also well known that females have higher exposure to childhood sexual abuse and sexual assault. Recently, it has been proposed that the higher levels of internalizing disorders in females may be caused by their greater exposure to sexual violence.Method. Data were gathered as part of the Christchurch Health and Development Study. In this study a cohort of 1265 children born in Christchurch, New Zealand, in 1977 have been studied from birth to age 21 years. The measures collected included: major depression and anxiety, childhood sexual abuse and adolescent sexual assault.Results. Findings confirmed the established conclusion that internalizing disorders are over twice as common in females than males (ORs 2·2–2·7). In addition, it was found that females were exposed to higher rates of sexual violence than males (ORs 5·1–8·4). Statistical control for gender related differences in exposure to sexual violence reduced the associations between gender and anxiety and depression. Nonetheless, even after such control, gender was significantly (P<0·0001) related to both anxiety (OR = 1·8; 95% CI, 1·3–2·4) and depression (OR = 1·9; 95% CI, 1·4–2·3).Conclusions. Greater female exposure to sexual violence may be a factor that contributes to greater female susceptibility to internalizing disorders. However, even after adjustment for gender differences in exposure to sexual violence it is clear that a substantial relationship between gender and internalizing disorder persists.

scholarly journals CFT & people with intellectual disabilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hardiman ◽  
Corrina Willmoth ◽  
James J. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Common Humanity ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Compassion Scale

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the effects of compassion-focussed therapy (CFT) on anxiety in a small sample of adults with intellectual disability. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods design was employed. Participants (n=3) completed questionnaire measures of anxiety and self-compassion on three occasions: pre-intervention, post-intervention and, at three months follow-up. Post-intervention, they also took part in recorded interviews that were analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Findings were then synthesised to develop a comprehensive understanding of their overall experience. Findings Final data synthesis revealed five themes: participant anxiety decreased (reliable for all participants); the faulty self; improved positive compassionate attitudes; increased sense of common humanity; and mindful distraction techniques. Research limitations/implications This research paper offers in-depth analysis of three participants’ experiences rather than reporting in less detail about a larger number of participants. The self-compassion scale required considerable support and reasonable adaptation to be used with these clients. Originality/value Only two other studies have explored the use of CFT with people with intellectual disabilities.

scholarly journals Replication: Self-Compassion and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Behaviours in Albertan University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Eureka ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Aneca ◽  
Malek Doughan ◽  
Erica Toews ◽  
Jaclyn Prouse ◽  
Jashan Mahal
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Common Humanity ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Health Promoting Lifestyle ◽  
Compassion Scale

Self-compassion as a predictor for health-promoting behaviours has been the subject of several research studies. Self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness have been repeatedly positively correlated with health-promoting behaviours in individuals, such as eating well and doing physical activity (Gedik, 2019; Holden et al., 2020). We hypothesized that the positive components of self-compassion (self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness) would positively correlate with health-promoting behaviours. In an attempt to replicate Gedik’s (2019) study, researchers recruited 294 Albertan post-secondary students to respond to an online-based questionnaire. Participants filled out both the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) (Neff, 2003b) and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (Walker et al., 1995). Findings revealed that, unlike Gedik (2019), isolating behaviours such as feeling cut-off from the world are indicative of improved stress management. Therefore, Gedik’s (2019) results were not replicated. This research’s implications are essential when considering the factorial breakdown of self-compassion and how the factorial relationships to health behaviours are affected by varying populations and contexts. Specifically, the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic and its resulting restrictions must be considered when interpreting the results presented in this current study.

scholarly journals Lifestyles and stress according to self-kindness and goal directedness among drivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Misa Shimpo ◽  
Rie Akamatsu ◽  
Hirofumi Sakurazawa
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Strenuous Work ◽  
Goal Directedness ◽  
Compassion Scale

Aim Home delivery drivers are particularly likely to have unhealthy lifestyles and high stress because of their unusually strenuous work. This study identified differences in their lifestyles and stress according to self-kindness and goal directedness. Methods Participants were drivers from a western Tokyo branch of a large company that included a Japanese transportation business. A total of 407 drivers completed a questionnaire including items about self-kindness from the Self-Compassion Scale, goal directedness from the Japanese Experiential Time Perspective Scale, stress responses, and job stress; data from 362 male drivers were analyzed, mean age = 41.87 years (SD = 7.8). Participants were divided into four groups based on these scores: high self-kindness and high goal directedness (HS/HG), low self-kindness and high goal directedness (LS/HG), high self-kindness and low goal directedness (HS/LG), and low self-kindness and low goal directedness (LS/LG). Responses were compared among groups using Kruskal–Wallis test, Bonferroni’s multiple-comparison test, and χ2 test. Results Median fatigue, anxiety, and depression scores differed significantly among the four groups. More drivers with HS/HG than with LS/LG reported feeling rested because of sleeping well. Discussion Home delivery drivers with high self-kindness and high goal directedness exhibited restful sleep and lower levels of stress responses. Home delivery drivers should work on and manage both self-kindness and goal directedness, which employers should also facilitate.

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