Relationships

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Lomas
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Different Types

This chapter outlines the second of the three meta-categories that together constitute the theory of wellbeing presented in the book. Its focus is relationships, which constitute the main way in which wellbeing is influenced. This meta-category comprises two subsidiary categories, love (i.e., close bonds with select others), and prosociality (connections with people ‘in general’). These in turn are woven together from multiple themes, identified through the analysis of untranslatable words. With love, 14 different types were identified, which were grouped into four main themes: non-personal (e.g., for objects); caring (e.g., for family members); romantic (e.g., for one’s ‘partner’); and transcendent (e.g., for a spiritual figure). With prosociality, five main themes were found: socialising and congregating; morals and ethics; compassion and kindness; interaction and communication; and communality. Together, these categories and themes cover the diverse ways in which relationships can contribute to wellbeing.

Consumption Inequality Among Children: Evidence from Child Fostering in Malawi*

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Penglase
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Foster Children ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Household Resources ◽  
Child Fostering ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Different Types

Abstract The share of household resources devoted to a child may depend on their gender, birth order, or relationship to the household head. However, it is challenging to determine whether parents favour certain children over others as consumption data is collected at the household level and goods are shared among family members. I develop a new methodology using the collective household framework to identify consumption inequality between different types of children. I apply this method to child fostering in Malawi. I find little evidence of inequality between foster and non-foster children.

scholarly journals Microbiological Hazards in Dry Dog Chews and Feeds

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Jagoda Kępińska-Pacelik ◽  
Wioletta Biel
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Pet Food ◽  
Alert System ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
The Many ◽  
Rapid Alert System

Nowadays, dogs are usually equally treated with other family members. Due to the growing caregivers’ awareness, the pet foods industry is changing dynamically. Pet foods are manufactured with a myriad of ingredients. Few authors of scientific papers deal with the topic of foods products’ safety for pet animals, assessed from the perspective of their caregivers. Despite the many methods of producing foods of the highest quality, there are still cases of contamination of pet foods and treats. In the case of dried chews for dogs, bacteria of the genus Salmonella are the most common risk. In the case of both dry and wet foods, in addition to many species of bacteria, we often deal with mold fungi and their metabolites, mycotoxins. This article presents selected microbiological risks in dog foods and treats, and analyzes the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) system (2017–2020) for pathogenic microorganisms in dried dog chews, treats and foods. In this period, pet food-related notifications were registered, which were categorized into different types. Analyzing the RASFF notifications over the period, it has been shown that there are still cases of bacterial contamination of dog foods and treats, while in terms of the overall mycotoxin content, these products may appear safe.

Economic collaboration of family members within and beyond households in English society, 1600–2000

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD WALL
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Economic Support ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Types ◽  
English Society ◽  
Economic Collaboration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regular Contact

ABSTRACTThis article evaluates the extent of economic support provided by the family in English society. The first issue addressed is the importance given to relationships between family members both by contemporaries and by historians when attempting to distinguish different types of household. Following sections of the article discuss the role of households in redistributing income from the better-paid to the less well-paid or non-earners and the significance of economic support received from members of the family living elsewhere relative to that provided from within the household and from other outside sources, such as the community, employers and neighbours. A further section then assesses the impact of demographic change on the size and composition of the kin group and the extent to which population mobility made regular contact with close kin more difficult.

scholarly journals Extended contact effects as a function of closeness of relationship with ingroup contacts

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Tausch ◽  
Miles Hewstone ◽  
Katharina Schmid ◽  
Joanne Hughes ◽  
Ed Cairns
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Extended Contact ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Contact Effects

Using survey data from Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland ( N = 428), the authors examined the effects of extended contact via different types of ingroup contacts (neighbors, work colleagues, friends, and family members) and tested whether closeness to ingroup contacts moderated the effects of extended contact on outgroup trust. Results demonstrated that extended contact effects varied as a function of the relationship to ingroup contacts, and that extended contact interacted with closeness ratings in predicting outgroup trust. Consistent with hypotheses, extended contacts via more intimate ingroup relationships (i.e., friends and family) were overall more strongly related to outgroup trust than extended contacts via less intimate ingroup relations (i.e., neighbors and work colleagues). Moreover, within each level of intimacy extended contact was related to outgroup trust only at high, and not at low, levels of rated closeness to ingroup contacts. The theoretical contributions, limitations and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Drugs targeting Bcl-2 family members as an emerging strategy in cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Leber ◽  
Fei Geng ◽  
Justin Kale ◽  
David W. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Chemotherapy Resistance ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Unfolded Protein Response ◽  
Protein Response

Inhibiting apoptosis is widely accepted as a necessary step in the transition from normal to cancer cells, and most cancer therapies exert their effects by indirectly reversing this process. Commitment to apoptosis is caused by permeabilisation of the outer mitochondrial membrane – a process regulated by the binding between different members of the Bcl-2 family. Furthermore, Bcl-2 family members also bind to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they modify processes such as the unfolded-protein response and autophagy that also cause or modify different types of cell death. With the growing understanding of the importance of the Bcl-2 family as crucial regulators of the decision to initiate apoptosis, much effort has been directed at developing small molecules that modify function by directly binding to Bcl-2 proteins. Preclinical experiments have confirmed that these agents kill cancer cells and overcome chemotherapy resistance. Two of these drugs are in the initial stages of clinical development (ABT-263 and obatoclax), and early results show clinical efficacy at tolerable doses. Important questions for the future include the role of these drugs as monotherapy versus combination therapy with other anticancer drugs, and the related issue of the relative toxicity to cancerous versus normal cells.

scholarly journals The miR-30 family: Versatile players in breast cancer

Tumor Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 101042831769220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Jin Yang ◽  
Su-Yu Yang ◽  
Dan-Dan Wang ◽  
Xiu Chen ◽  
Hong-Yu Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Molecular Targeted Therapy ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Neoplastic Transformation ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Microrna Family ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Key Aspects

The microRNA family, miR-30, plays diverse roles in regulating key aspects of neoplastic transformation, metastasis, and clinical outcomes in different types of tumors. Accumulating evidence proves that miR-30 family is pivotal in the breast cancer development by controlling critical signaling pathways and relevant oncogenes. Here, we review the roles of miR-30 family members in the tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance of breast cancer, and their application to predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients. We think miR-30 family members would be promising biomarkers for breast cancer and may bring a novel insight in molecular targeted therapy of breast cancer.

Dysarthria

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz Shaibani
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Pharyngeal Muscles ◽  
Total Communication ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Communication Barrier ◽  
Swallowing Difficulty ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Slurring of speech is usually noticed by family members or friends before patients know it. It is usually associated with swallowing difficulty due to dual function of the tongue and frequent involvement of the tongue and pharyngeal muscles together. Dysphagia usually precedes dysarthria in myasthenia gravis (MG) and follows it in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In advanced cases, anarthria becomes a total communication barrier and other means of communications should be established. Cerebellar dysarthria is characterized by being irregular. Dysphonia should be differentiated from dysarthria. This chapter describes features and presentations of different types of dysarthria.

scholarly journals Learning about COVID-19-related stigma, quarantine and isolation experiences in Finland

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0247962
Author(s):  
Anna-Leena Lohiniva ◽  
Timothee Dub ◽  
Lotta Hagberg ◽  
Hanna Nohynek
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Conflicting Information ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Shed Light

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has intensely changed the everyday lives of people worldwide. This study explores the forms and outcomes of coronavirus and COVID-19-related social stigma and the experiences of people who were home quarantined or isolated in Finland during the spring 2020. The findings of this study can be used to improve support for those quarantined or isolated and to develop strategies to reduce the stigma associated with coronavirus and COVID-19. Methods The study is based on qualitative one-to-one interviews with households with at least two members and at least one PCR confirmed COVID-19 case. Recruitment took place via website or SMS messages sent to PCR confirmed cases in the capital area of Helsinki. Sampling was based on maximum variation to acquire different types of respondents. The framework of health stigma was used to develop question guides and analyze stigma. Quarantine and isolation experiences were explored through open-ended questions. The analysis was based on thematic analysis. Results The study included 64 participants from 24 households. Perceived stigma among respondents was driven by fear and blame for infection, and it manifested in various ways leading to a reluctance to disclose their coronavirus status to others. Self-stigma developed from conflicting information and advice about coronavirus and COVID-19 led to difficulties interacting with others outside of the house and reluctance to meet people after quarantine and isolation. Quarantine and isolation experiences included uncertainty, health concerns, and boredom. Communication with others in similar situations was perceived vital, whereas discussions with family members about worries and fears related to coronavirus and COVID-19 was not preferred. Conclusions This study shed light on the lives of those quarantined or isolated at home and provided a set of operational recommendations to minimize coronavirus and COVID-19-associated stigma and to reduce challenges faced by those in quarantine or isolation.

scholarly journals Social Trust, Pattern of Difference, and Subjective Well-Being

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824401986576
Author(s):  
Caiquan Bai ◽  
Yuan Gong ◽  
Chen Feng
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Trust Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Urban Rural

Based on the pattern of difference in Chinese social trust, this study classifies the social trust into trust in family members, trust in acquaintances, and trust in strangers. Then, the correlational relationship between different types of social trust and subjective well-being is examined using the micro survey data in China. It is found that different types of social trust vary greatly in the correlation with subjective well-being. The main findings are as follows: (a) Trust in family members has no significant correlation with subjective well-being; (b) Only “totally trust acquaintances” has a significant positive correlation with subjective well-being; (c) Trust in strangers has a significant positive correlation with subjective well-being—the higher the trust level, the stronger the correlation with subjective well-being will be—and (d) Urban–rural and male–female differences exist in the correlational relationship between trust in strangers and subjective well-being.

scholarly journals Témoignage de l'actualité médicale du temps: Le Mallade de Marguerite de Navarre (c. 1535)

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-111
Author(s):  
Colette H. Winn
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Religious History ◽  
Marguerite De Navarre ◽  
Human Suffering ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Science And Faith

Written around 1535, Le Mallade bears witness, as V.-L. Saulnier puts it, to Marguerite de Navarre’s effort to reconcile the official Church dogma with the new Evangelical faith following the Affaire des Placards. But in addition to its documentary value for France’s religious history, this play presents a real scientific interest, which has been neglected until now. Specifically, Le Mallade deals with sixteenth-century attitudes towards sickness and health, different types of medical approaches, and various debates which divided the medical circles of the time on such questions as surgery, bloodletting, and human suffering. This article also examines related issues, including remedies, superstitions, the cult of saints, and the relation between science and faith, as well as a woman’s duty to assist her husband and her family members in sickness and health. Marguerite de Navarre’s intention was to show that “God is the true savior of man.” In order to authenticate the medical metaphor familiar to contemporary Christians that conveyed this idea (“Deus medicus”) and create a sense of urgency, she represents the daily suffering of a patient and the inefficicacy of the medical care that he receives. As for the figure of the charitable, caring wife, it provided a means by which Marguerite could rehabilitate her own image in the trying times that followed the year 1534.

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