scholarly journals Quality of Speech Following Cleft Palate Surgery in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Shahin Abdollahi Fakhim ◽  
Nikzad Shahidi ◽  
Gelavizh Karimi Javan
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Nasal Emission

Background: Surgical treatment of cleft palate is accompanied with speech problems. Speech therapy in these children after surgery can improve their speech. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the quality of speaking in operated cleft palate patients and speech therapy effects in a small group of these patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, speech quality of 55 children with operated cleft palate was assessed regarding resonance, audible nasal emission, consonant production and speech acceptability. Speech outcomes after therapy were evaluated in 19 patients. Results: Cleft palate types were unilateral cleft and lip palate in 18 cases, bilateral cleft and lip palate in 4 cases, secondary cleft palate type in 30 cases and of mere-soft palate in 3 cases. Thirty-five children were operated during the first year of life and 20 were operated after the first year. More than 55% of patients had normal hypernasality with few cases of severe hypernasality and less than 45% had error in consonant production. Patients operated during first year of life had more speech problems. Speech parameters were improved in 19 patients after speech therapy. Conclusion: In conclusion, children with cleft palate have some degrees of speech disorders after repair surgery than could be improved by the speech therapy. Speech therapy should be considered as one of the main treatment protocols along with repair surgery in children with cleft palate.

Social inequality in parent–infant relations: Epidemiological study of community nurse records

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482098313
Author(s):  
Bjørn E. Holstein ◽  
Sofie Weber Pant ◽  
Janni Ammitzbøll ◽  
Trine Pagh Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Community Sample ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Immigrant Parents ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
First Year Of Life

Background: Some studies suggest that favourable socioeconomic circumstances are associated with better parent–child relations but the documentation of such an association is limited and inconsistent. Few studies focused on infancy, few studies relied on objective measurement of parent–infant relations, and few studies included more than one measurement of parent–infant relations in the first year of life. Aims: To report the prevalence of objectively measured problems in parent–infant relations during the first year of life and to examine the association between socioeconomic circumstances and parent–infant relations in an unselected community sample of infants. Methods: Cross-sectional study of a community sample of children from birth to 10 months in 15 municipalities in Denmark, n = 11,765. The exposure variables were population register data about socioeconomic circumstances: (a) parents’ education, (b) family composition, (c) parents’ origin, and (d) parents’ occupational status. The outcome variable was the health visitor’s concerns about the parent–infant relation assessed at four home visits from birth to 10 months after delivery. Results: The proportion of children with concerns about the parent–infant relation was 10.5%, 7.8% at one home visit and 2.8% at two or more home visits. Logistic regression analyses showed that all four indicators of socioeconomic circumstances were associated with concerns about the parent–infant relation in the first year of life. Conclusions: The risk of problematic parent–infant relations were significantly elevated among, children of immigrant parents, and children of parents with shorter education and not in education or work.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 pandemic and first-year medical students’ academic motivation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidos K. Bolatov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Year Medical Students

Abstract The study aimed to investigate the relationships between academic motivation and the psychological well-being of 1st-year medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The total number of respondents in the cross-sectional study was 273. Intrinsic motivation was positively correlated with fear of COVID-19 and negatively correlated with psychological collapse and negative changes in quality of life due to the COVID-19. Extrinsic motivation positively associated with fear of COVID-19. Amotivation positively correlated with psychological collapse and negative changes in quality of life. In conclusion, COVID-19-related changes in quality of life and psychological destruction were predictors of academic motivation among 1st-year medical students.

scholarly journals Caracterización de los pacientes con labio y paladar hendido y de la atención brindada en el hospital infantil universitario de manizales (Colombia), 2010./Study of clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with lip and palate treated in th

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingid Charry ◽  
Mónica lorena Aguirre ◽  
José jaime Castaño castrillón ◽  
Brenda juliana Gómez ◽  
Juliana Higuera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Objetivo: El labio y paladar hendido es la malformación más común de cabeza y cuello en el medio colombiano, es una patología multifactorial determinada por alteraciones genéticas y ambientales. Se da en uno de cada 900 nacidos vivos afectando a varones en una mayor proporción. El objetivo del presente estudio es registrar las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y de tratamiento de 118 pacientes con labioy paladar hendido atendidos en el Hospital Infantil Universitario “Rafael Henao Toro” de la ciudad de Manizales (Colombia).Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal en pacientes que asistieron a la clínica de labio y paladar en el mencionado hospital.Resultados: Se encontró frecuencia del sexo masculino en un 55,1%, un 51,7% procedente del área urbana y en su mayoría de los estratos III y IV, la frecuencia más alta se presentó para labio y paladar hendido grado III con 36,4%. El esquema de tratamiento más utilizado fue la palatorrafia (63,6%) y la queiloplastia (69,5%).Conclusiones: La caracterización de los pacientes con labio y Paladar Hendido indica predominio por los pacientes con diagnóstico de labio y paladar hendido Grado III, igual distribución entre géneros, procedencia urbana en los cuales el estrato IV cuenta con la mayor frecuencia. Cabe destacar la importancia de un diagnóstico oportuno además un tratamiento multidisciplinario, que cuente con apoyo personal además del quirúrgico que se verá reflejado en una buena evolución y calidad de vida de los pacientes. Background: Cleft lip and cleft palate is the most common malformation of the headand neck of our environment, is a multifactorial disease determined by genetic andenvironmental factors. It occurs in one in every 900 live births, affecting males at agreater rate, today’s advances in terms of proposed treatment from the multidisciplinaryapproach, starting with a strict evaluation by pediatric to ensure that patients are in theright conditions to initiate surgical procedures.Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study. We recorded demographic characteristics,clinical and treatment of 118 patients who attended the lip and palate clinicat Children’s Hospital University of Manizales.Results: We found more frequently in males 55.1%, 51.7% from the urban area andmost of the layers III and IV, the highest incidence is presented for cleft lip and palategrade III in 36.4% The most commonly used treatment regimen was palate surgeryand cheiloplasty.Conclusions: The characterization of patients with cleft lip and cleft palate indicatespredominance for patients with cleft lip and palate grade III, gender equality, urbanhometown strata IV which has the highest frequency. Remarkable the importance ofearly diagnosis also appropriate multidisciplinary treatment, that has support in additionto the surgical staff will be reflected in a good performance and quality of life of patients

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life predictors during medical residency in a random, stratified sample of residents

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Costa Mosca Macedo ◽  
Vanessa de Albuquerque Cítero ◽  
Simone Schenkman ◽  
Maria Cezira Fantini Nogueira-Martins ◽  
Mauro Batista Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Critical Patients ◽  
Almost All

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of life during the first three years of training and identify its association with sociodemographicoccupational characteristics, leisure time and health habits. METHOD: A cross-sectional study with a random sample of 128 residents stratified by year of training was conducted. The Medical Outcome Study -short form 36 was administered. Mann-Whitney tests were carried out to compare percentile distributions of the eight quality of life domains, according to sociodemographic variables, and a multiple linear regression analysis was performed, followed by a validity checking for the resulting models. RESULTS: The physical component presented higher quality of life medians than the mental component. Comparisons between the three years showed that in almost all domains the quality of life scores of the second year residents were higher than the first year residents (p < 0.01). The mental component scores remained high for third year residents (p < 0.01). Predictors of higher quality of life were: second or third year of residency, satisfaction with the training program, sufficient time for leisure, and care of critical patients for less than 30 hours per week. CONCLUSION: The mental component of quality of life was the most impaired component, indicating the importance of caring for residents' mental health, especially during their first year and when they are overloaded with critical patients.

scholarly journals Factors associated with preventable infant death: a multiple logistic regression

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Maria Cunha Vidal e Silva ◽  
Rogério Antonio Tuon ◽  
Livia Fernandes Probst ◽  
Brunna Verna Castro Gondinho ◽  
Antonio Carlos Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Systematic Sample ◽  
First Year Of Life

OBJECTIVE: To identify and analyze factors associated with preventable child deaths. METHODS: This analytical cross-sectional study had preventable child mortality as dependent variable. From a population of 34,284 live births, we have selected a systematic sample of 4,402 children who did not die compared to 272 children who died from preventable causes during the period studied. The independent variables were analyzed in four hierarchical blocks: sociodemographic factors, the characteristics of the mother, prenatal and delivery care, and health conditions of the patient and neonatal care. We performed a descriptive statistical analysis and estimated multiple hierarchical logistic regression models. RESULTS: Approximatelly 35.3% of the deaths could have been prevented with the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases during pregnancy and 26.8% of them could have been prevented with better care conditions for pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS: The following characteristics of the mother are determinant for the higher mortality of children before the first year of life: living in neighborhoods with an average family income lower than four minimum wages, being aged ≤ 19 years, having one or more alive children, having a child with low APGAR level at the fifth minute of life, and having a child with low birth weight.

Facilitating Communication among Speech Pathologists Treating Children with Cleft Palate

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Karnell ◽  
Philip Bailey ◽  
Lynn Johnson ◽  
Ariel Dragan ◽  
John W. Canady
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Craniofacial Anomalies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Cleft Palate Speech ◽  
Speech Pathologists ◽  
Web Based System

An interactive web-based system was designed to facilitate communication between nonspecialist speech pathologists who provide therapy for individuals with speech disorders associated with cleft palate or craniofacial anomalies and specialist speech pathologists who provide physiologically based assessments of speech production. The web site includes instructional presentations, streaming video clips of endoscopic examinations, and exchange of information about the nature of therapy as recommended by the specialist and as provided by the nonspecialist. The approach demonstrates use of web-based computer facilities to improve the quality of communication among professionals with the goal of improving the outcomes of speech therapy. Information from the site can also be used in academic training programs as a teaching tool in courses on cleft palate speech.

scholarly journals Triagem neonatal para fenilcetonúria e hiperfenilalaninemia permanente: a base de dados do IJC de 2010 a 2015 / Neonatal screening for phenylketonuria and permanent hyperphenylalaninemia: the database of IJC from 2010 to 2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alline Coiado ◽  
Marina Sampaio ◽  
Thais Tellini ◽  
Sônia Marchezi Hadachi ◽  
Lene Garcia Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Reference Service ◽  
First Year Of Life

  Objetivo: A fenilcetonúria é uma das principais causas de deficiência intelectual, e possui tratamento eficaz, se realizado o diagnóstico e tratamento de forma precoce e um acompanhamento por toda vida. O objetivo deste trabalho é levantar a prevalência de recém-nascidos portadores de fenilcetonúria identificados pela triagem neonatal. Métodos: Estudo transversal no qual foi feito um levantamento de dados sobre triagem neonatal para doença fenilcetonúria realizada num Serviço de Referência de Triagem Neonatal, no período de 1 de janeiro de 2010 a 31 de dezembro de 2015. Resultados: Foi encontrado no período de 5 anos, uma prevalência aproximada de fenilcetonúria de 1: 14.700 e de hiperfenilalaninemia permanente é de 1: 54.500 nascidos vivos. Por meio dos resultados obtidos é possível demonstrar a relevância das recoletas e do seguimento no primeiro ano de vida e de amostras alteradas, assim como a gravidade da população feminina portadora de fenilcetonúria e hiperfenilalaninemia benigna, enfatizando o aumento de possíveis danos cerebrais na fase gestacional. Conclusão: A prevalência de fenilcetonúria e  hiperfenilalaninemia permanente é alta. As recoletas e o seguimento no primeiro ano de vida das amostras alteradas é de extrema importância, principalmente para a população feminina portadora de fenilcetonúria e hiperfenilalaninemia permanente, enfatizando o aumento de possíveis danos cerebrais na fase gestacional. Palavras chave: Fenilcetonúrias, Fenilalanina, Triagem neonatal ABSTRACT: Abstract Phenylketonuria is one of the main causes of intellectual disability, and it has effective treatment, if the diagnosis and treatment is performed early and a lifelong follow-up. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of newborns with phenylketonuria identified by newborn screening.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in which a data collection on newborn screening for phenylketonuria disease was carried out at the Newborn Screening Reference Service from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015.  Results: It was found in a 5-year period, an approximate prevalence of phenylketonuria of 1: 14,700 and permanent hyperphenylalaninemia is 1: 54,500 newborns. By means of the obtained results, it is possible to demonstrate the relevance of the recollects and the follow-up in the first year of life and of altered samples, as well as the severity of the female population with phenylketonuria and permanent hyperphenylalaninemia, emphasizing the increase of possible brain damages in the gestational phase. Conclusion: The prevalence of phenylketonuria and permanent hyperphenylalaninemia is high. Recollect and follow-up in the first year of life of the altered samples is extremely important, especially for the female population with phenylketonuria and permanent hyperphenylalaninemia, emphasizing the increase of possible brain damage in the gestational phase.  Keywords: Phenylketonurias. Phenylalanine, Newborn screening    

scholarly journals Prevalence of Dunning Kruger effect in first year medical students in a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 5283
Author(s):  
Novonil Deb ◽  
Poulami Roy
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Metacognitive Skills ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
First Year Medical Students

Background: Dunning Kruger (DK) effect refers to overestimation of one’s ability which is attributed to their inadequacy of metacognitive skills i.e., the low-performing individuals are often nescient of their incompetence which leads them to reach fallacious conclusions and make regrettable choices. Objectives of the study were to assess the degree of DK effect among the first-year medical students and to compare the associated socio-economic variables.Methods:  A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the interested first-year medical students of North Bengal medical college and hospital from March 2021 to April 2021 using a questionnaire. Responses were recorded in Microsoft excel 2017, analysed, and presented in form of tables and charts following principles of descriptive statistics.Results: The overall prevalence of DK effect was found to be 78.38% among the first-year medical students. Higher prevalence was observed among females (80.28%) as compared to males (75%). Students having low study hours (79.13%), no academic achievements (77.5%), and greater hours of sleep (79.74%) manifested more predisposition to DK effect.Conclusions: In our research, we have noticed a higher DK effect among the first-year medical students, which might hamper the quality of treatment and patient care in the future. Proper orientation and counselling methods are required to overcome this phenomenon.

scholarly journals Avaliação da Satisfação do Paciente Hospitalizados em Relação ao Atendimento Fisioterapêutico

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Maristela Prado e Silva Nazario ◽  
Anna Caroline Morilha de Oliveira Hermoza ◽  
Edivania Rodrigues de Araujo Oliveira ◽  
Walkiria Shimoya Bittencourt ◽  
Ariane Hidaldo Mansano Pletst
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction

Resumo A qualidade é considerada um dos fatores decisivos para estabelecimento de metas específicas, assim como a satisfação do cliente, que tem o propósito de melhorar a efetividade dos cuidados prestados. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o grau de satisfação com o atendimento fisioterapêutico no âmbito hospitalar. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, em pacientes internados de ambos os sexos, maiores de 18 anos com condições de responder a um questionário sobre a avaliação da satisfação do atendimento recebido. Pacientes gravemente enfermos, em pré-operatório, com distúrbios da fala e com baixo nível cognitivo foram excluídos do estudo. Participaram do estudo 52 pacientes (idade 58,7±12,4 anos para o sexo masculino e 56,6±14,9 anos para sexo feminino). A maioria (76,9%) dos pacientes era de baixo nível socioeconômico. Os resultados mostram que os pacientes apresentam um bom nível de satisfação com o atendimento fisioterapêutico em relação ao terapeuta-paciente, aos membros da equipe de atendimento, à dinâmica e à infraestrutura do hospital. Respostas negativas figuraram apenas em algumas questões referentes à infraestrutura do hospital e trabalho multiprofissional. A questão relativa à satisfação com o atendimento da fisioterapia, em geral, obteve 23,1% de respostas “excelente”, 44,2%% de “ótimo” e 32,7% de “bom” e, dentro deste contexto, foram considerados satisfatórios. Conclui-se que os pacientes hospitalizados possuem baixo status socioeconômico e estão satisfeitos com o atendimento fisioterapêutico recebidos no âmbito hospitalar. Palavras-chave: Fisioterapia. Satisfação dos Pacientes. Hospitalização.Abstract Quality is considered one of the decisive factors for specific targets, as well as customer satisfaction, with the aim of improving the effective quality of care. The objective was to assess the satisfaction degree with the physical therapy care in hospitals. A cross-sectional study was carried out in hospitalized patients of both sexes, older than 18 years with conditions to respond to a questionnaire on the assessment of satisfaction of received care . Critically ill patients in the preoperative period, with speech disorders and low cognitive level were excluded. Results: The study included 52 patients (age 58.7 ± 12.4 years for males and 56.6 ± 14.9 years for females). The vast majority (76.9%) patients were of low socioeconomic status. The results show that patients have a good level of satisfaction with the physiotherapy on the therapistpatient relationship, to members of the service team, the dynamics and the hospital infrastructure. Negative responses figured in just a few issues of hospital infrastructure and multidisciplinary work. The question on satisfaction with the physiotherapy service in general obtained 23.1% of answers “excellent”, 44.2% of “good” and 32.7% “good”, and within this context, they were considered satisfactory. It is concluded that hospitalized patients have low socioeconomic status and are satisfied with the physiotherapeutic care received in hospitals.Keywords: Physiotherapy Specialty. Patient Satisfaction. Hospitalization.

scholarly journals Inequality in accessing learning during pandemic crises in developing countries: Reflections from COVID-19-induced online learning at a Kenyan pharmacy school

2021 ◽  
pp. 713-722
Author(s):  
Kihugi Veronica Njambi ◽  
Godfrey Wabwile Mayoka
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceptions Of Students ◽  
Learning Platforms

Background: Virtual learning platforms gained unprecedented prominence after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Assuring the quality of education and student satisfaction are critical, especially in developing countries often plagued with infrastructural limitations, including information technology. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the perceptions of students at a Kenyan Pharmacy School of online learning with regards to affordability and overall effectiveness. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey containing pre-determined questions aligned to achieve the research objectives. Results: Students in senior classes (Fifth year) viewed online learning more favourably and had fewer challenges with accessibility than students in the lower classes (First year to third year). Conclusion: The study identified areas of strength, such as convenience, time-efficiency, and self-initiative, as well as weaknesses, including inequitable access, internet connectivity challenges, and unsatisfactory lecturer digital competency, with relation to online learning.

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