scholarly journals Kunst kui tundenakkus: Lev Tolstoi kunstidefinitsioon analüütilises perspektiivis / Art as emotional infectiousness: Lev Tolstoy’s definition of art in the analytical perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Volt
Keyword(s):  
Art Criticism ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Action Mechanisms ◽  
Art Works ◽  
Analytical Perspective ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Insight Into

Artiklis käsitlen Lev Tolstoi kunstiteooria retseptsiooni anglo-ameerika esteetikas. Esiteks formuleerin Tolstoi kunstidefinitsiooni ja selle põhimõistete kanoonilise tõlgenduse. Seejärel analüüsin määratlust ekstensionaalse adekvaatsuse alusel, keskendudes nii tavapäraste kui võimalike uute etteheidete paikapidavuse uurimisele. Kolmandaks püstitan küsimuse, kas Tolstoi kunstidefinitsiooni kriitika ekstensionaalse adekvaatsuse alusel on üldse õigustatud. Väidan, et kuigi senistel Tolstoi meta-esteetilise rehabiliteerimise katsetel esineb puuduseid, paljastab Tolstoi kunstiteooria immanentne kriitika – teooria vaagimine eeldustelt, millelt see kritiseerib oponeerivaid teooriaid –, et ekstensionaalsest adekvaatsusest lähtuv kriitika on õigustatud. My article discusses Tolstoy’s theory of art in the context of Anglo-American aesthetics. Although Tolstoy’s What is Art touches upon a very wide spectrum of subjects (the place of art in the world, justification of sacrifices made for completing art works, criticism of previous theories of aesthetics, especially of the theory of beauty, defining of art as the expression of feelings, judging of art as such based on the religious knowledge of the era, action mechanisms of beauty/pleasure-centred art, consequences, conditions of the value of art, the relations between art and science, etc.), it has mainly been examined from the aspects of judging and defining of art.The article focuses on Tolstoy’s definition of art and consists of three notional parts. First, I present the canonical formulation of Tolstoy’s definition of art – something is a work of art if and only if the person, who lives through the feeling(s), causes by external signs that the recipients live through the same feelings. I also present the canonical interpretation of its main concepts – the conditions for creation, transmitting and reception.Second, I have an analytical insight into the criticism of the canonical treatment, displaying and commenting on, but also responding and complementing the presented arguments. The extensional adequacy-based analysis of Tolstoy’s definition of art shows that although it is possible to eliminate some of the typical criticisms, none of the three necessary conditions was necessary by itself, nor were all three of them sufficient when taken together.As Tolstoy’s definition of art has sometimes earned quite serious criticism, then, as my third point, I also examine some possibilities for rehabilitating Tolstoy’s theory of art: whether and in what sense can the extensional adequacy-based analysis of Tolstoy’s definition of art be justified at all? So far, the attempts of meta-aesthetic rehabilitation of Tolstoy (e.g., Mounce centrism) have not achieved the expected result. Furthermore, the immanent criticism of Tolstoy’s theory of art (criticism of the theory, based on the prerequisites it uses to criticize its opposing theories) reveals that the extensional adequacy-based criticism of Tolstoy’s definition of art is justified, but it is not necessarily the only yardstick for the theory.

The Development of Forgiveness

2020 ◽  
pp. 401-418
Author(s):  
Robert D. Enright ◽  
Jacqueline Y. Song
Keyword(s):  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Developmental Progression ◽  
Forgiveness Education ◽  
Cognitive Work ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Forgiveness Therapy ◽  
Definition Of

The psychology of forgiveness originated from the creative and important work on the development of justice initiated by Piaget in 1932 and extended by Kohlberg in 1969. The scientific study of forgiveness is quite new, having emerged in print in 1989, with an examination of the developmental progression in children’s, adolescents’, and adults’ thinking about the necessary conditions for them to offer forgiveness to another person. In this chapter, the authors first review the definition of forgiveness, followed by this early cognitive work. They then turn to a discussion of the measurement of forgiveness correlates of forgiveness. The practical application of this construct is seen in the development of forgiveness therapy and forgiveness education, which the authors discuss in light of the empirical findings. Future directions for forgiveness studies are considered.

scholarly journals A Brief Insight into Microbial Corrosion and its Mitigation with Eco-friendly Inhibitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lavanya
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Electrochemical Reactions ◽  
Microbial Corrosion ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Microbially Influenced Corrosion ◽  
Catastrophic Failures ◽  
Chemical Strategies ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractCorrosion results from the electrochemical reactions between the metal and its existing environment. Corrosion results in severe and expensive damage to a wide spectrum of industries. When microbes are involved in corrosion it is seldom possible to economically evaluate its impact. Microbially influenced corrosion is recognized to cause catastrophic failures contributing to approximately 20% of the annual losses. In many engineering applications, microbially influenced corrosion control is of prime importance. Expensive, toxicity and sometimes, even ineffectiveness of the current chemical strategies to mitigate microbially influenced corrosion have shifted the interest towards eco-friendly inhibitors. The present review discusses microbial induced corrosion in various metals and its inhibition through eco-friendly inhibitors. In addition, the study also reviews the morphological and electrochemical impedance results.

Root cause analysis of rattle noise in twin-tube vehicle dampers

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110652
Author(s):  
Marian Sikora ◽  
Janusz Gołdasz
Keyword(s):  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Vehicle Suspension ◽  
Experiment Study ◽  
Cause Analysis ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Insight Into

The aim of this work is to provide an insight into the rattle noise phenomena occurring in double-tube (twin-tube) vehicle suspension dampers. In the dampers the particular phenomenon results from interactions between the valve(s) and the fluid passing through them. The rattling noise phenomena is known to degrade the vehicle passenger’s perception of ride comfort as well as to influence the performance of the dampers at low and medium speeds in particular. In the paper the authors reveal the results of a DOE (Design of Experiment) study involving several design parameters known to affect rattling occurrence. By running a series of purpose-designed tests the authors investigate not only the contribution of each particular parameter but the interactions between them. The results are presented in the form of pareto charts, main effect plots as well as interaction plots. It is expected the outcome of the analysis will aid in a better comprehension of the phenomena as well the definition of valve configurations to minimize their performance degradation.

ProQuest Historical Newspapers: Leftist Newspapers and Periodicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Price Information ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
Search Function ◽  
Advanced Search ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pdf Format ◽  
Database Content ◽  
Insight Into

ProQuest Historical Newspapers: Leftist Newspapers and Periodicals is a source for leftist publications (mostly newspapers), largely published in the twentieth century. Here, the user can access articles in PDF format from 156 national and international publications. Navigating this database and the documents therein can be easily done, but articles cannot be magnified or reduced, which may prove problematic with PDFs of old newspapers. Database content can be found through browsing or by using a basic and/or advanced search. The browse and basic search options here are understandable, but the advanced search is not self-explanatory and can possibly confuse the user. As a consequence, a new user of this database will probably benefit from instruction in its use from either the vendor or someone else familiar with this resource. However, when this search function is used properly it can produce numerous, on-point results for any query. The same is true of the basic search and browsing features, though they tend to produce larger lists of results that are less on-point than the advanced search. The vendor did not provide specific price information for this review, only indicating that pricing is determined by an institution's size and number of users. As this provides potential subscribers with very little insight into the cost of acquiring this resource, its advised that they contact ProQuest for a price quote tailored to their own institution. Its licensing agreement is the same as those used for all ProQuest databases and is average in its composition (though somewhat longer than average). The quality and quantity of content in this resource is notable, and it will certainly be of use to those looking for articles from leftist newspapers and periodicals. However, the definition of “leftist” here may be problematic for some users! Communist and Socialist publications are certainly available in this database, but those for Anarchists, Social Democrats, and other leftists are not.

Intellectual Property: Theory, Privilege, and Pragmatism

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam D. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Trade Secret ◽  
Social Constructions ◽  
Property Theory ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Definition Of

In the most general terms, this article focuses on the tension between competing justifications of intellectual property. Section I examines the nature and definition of economic pragmatism and argues that, while economic pragmatism comes in many flavors, each is either unstable or self-defeating. Section II advances the view that Anglo-American systems of intellectual property have both theoretical and pragmatic features. In Section III a sketch of a theory is offered--a theory that may limit applications of economic pragmatism and provide the foundation for copyright, patent, and trade secret institutions. To be justified--to warrant coercion on a worldwide scale--systems of intellectual property should be grounded in theory. Intellectual property rights are, in essence, no different than our rights to life, liberty, and tangible property. Intellectual property rights are neither pure social constructions nor bargains without foundations.

scholarly journals Interpersonal nurse-patient relationship with a young schizophrenic pregnant woman

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
Renata Marques de Oliveira ◽  
Antonia Regina Ferreira Furegato
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Therapeutic Interaction ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Schizophrenic Woman ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Insight Into

The objective of this study was to investigate elements of the personal and psychiatric history, as well as the challenges related to motherhood, of a young schizophrenic female, through person-centered therapeutic interaction. The investigation had an exploratory scope, undertaken in a teaching hospital and data were collected during nondirective interaction on the part of the nurse with a young schizophrenic woman who had been treated in the institution for 10 years. Thematic analysis of the content was undertaken, with emphasis on the nuclei of meaning, identification of the themes and definition of the categories. The patient, called L. in this study, was 30 years old, had a two-year-old child and was three months pregnant when data were collected. Her trajectory was characterized by doubts, fears and uncertainties. The episodes of hospitalization, the coexistence with other patients, and the medications promoted insight into the symptoms, and acceptance of the diagnosis. The main challenge was experiencing pregnancy and the puerperium concomitantly with the psychiatric treatment. The interpersonal relationship established evidenced that, the young woman felling understood and that her needs were attended, overcame several difficulties she had reported and felt fulfilled and integrated into her social environment.

scholarly journals A Mini Review: Recent Advances in Surface Modification of Porous Silicon

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seo Lee ◽  
Jae Kang ◽  
Dokyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Porous Silicon ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Developed Surface ◽  
The Many ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Biomedical Fields

Porous silicon has been utilized within a wide spectrum of industries, as well as being used in basic research for engineering and biomedical fields. Recently, surface modification methods have been constantly coming under the spotlight, mostly in regard to maximizing its purpose of use. Within this review, we will introduce porous silicon, the experimentation preparatory methods, the properties of the surface of porous silicon, and both more conventional as well as newly developed surface modification methods that have assisted in attempting to overcome the many drawbacks we see in the existing methods. The main aim of this review is to highlight and give useful insight into improving the properties of porous silicon, and create a focused description of the surface modification methods.

scholarly journals Situační analýza a role diskurzů v sociálněvědním výzkumu

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Markéta Košatková
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Situation Analysis ◽  
Meso Level ◽  
Social Organizations ◽  
Collective Actors ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Insight Into

The article introduces situation analysis (cf. Clarke 2005) as an epistemologicalontological basis for science freed of the positivistic paradigm. Situation analysis in a broader perspective dives into present discourses as well as discourses that have been concealed. At the meso-level, the analysis offers insight into social and discursive arenas formed by collective actors, key material elements, social organizations and institutions. At the micro-level it is aimed at the position of individual actors in a situation. Situational analysis provides multidimensional research resonating marginalized discourses and supports the everydayness of knowledge in a socially engaged, emic research of social reality. The focus on language constructions in the humanities allows for the re-definition of one’s own entities, formulas, and rules. Their (im)possible transgression is a necessary response to the accelerated and diverse shape of the recent globalized and particularized society.

scholarly journals АНАЛІЗ СПІВРОБІТНИКІВ КОМПАНІЇ ЯК НОСІЇВ КОРПОРАТИВНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Олена Миколаївна Афанасьєва ◽  
Валерія Вячеславівна Кошарна
Keyword(s):  
Staff Development ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Remuneration Policy ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Definition Of

The paper explores the key factors affecting the corporate culture formation and development. Recently, the issues of corporate culture, especially in large organizations, trigger the focused attention of a number of management theorists and practitioners. It is a relatively new and insufficiently researched concept, both in this country and abroad. People make the foundation of any company, conversely any organization directs its activities towards a person fostering a multifaceted diversity of organizational culture brought in by each employee. This wide spectrum of variety is shaped by the uniqueness of each individual. Each person’s genetic background is exceptional which stems from people’s diversity of the universe. Ukrainian national individualism specified by the nature of social life plays a dual role in building a corporate culture domain of domestic business structures. Given the equity capital formation under the indirect ownership-based principle of “from individual to collective”, this feature of a national character contributes to corporate philosophy tailoring. The paper suggests a definition of the “corporate culture” concept as a set of values, beliefs, opinions, perceptions, expectations, symbols as well as behavior norms and patterns, traditions, rituals, etc. that have developed in the organization or its divisions during its life cycle and which are accepted by the majority of employees. The system of leadership based on encouraging practices is proved to be most effective. Diligent, initiative performance of management instructions, hard creative work in this case depend on the remuneration policy. Thus, incentives should be meaningful for a performer and feasible for a firm. Insights to a range of theoretical and practical aspects in building employee’s corporate culture are provided. The personnel particular role in facilitating the enterprise performance efficiency is revealed. The paper verifies the need to implement coaching in terms of effective training practices for staff development.

scholarly journals Ad Hoc or Institutional Arbitration - A Clear-Cut Distinction? A Closer Look at Borderline Cases

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich G. Schroeter
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Borderline Cases ◽  
Institutional Rules ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Core Characteristics ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Mix And Match

It is generally accepted in both theory and practice of arbitration that there are two basic forms of arbitration, ad hoc and institutional. This long established dichotomy has rarely been questioned, and it has mostly worked well in international arbitration practice.The present contribution investigates the traditional distinction between ad hoc and institutional arbitration in more detail by looking at "borderline cases", i.e. constellations that cannot easily be allocated to one of these two categories. Four groups of borderline cases are discussed: (1) UNCITRAL arbitrations, in particular those administered by arbitral institutions; (2) cases in which the parties have chosen institutional rules, but not the issuing institution (and vice versa), (3) the modification of institutional rules by the parties and the identification of a possible "mandatory" core of institutional rules, and (4) "mix and match" (or "hybrid") arbitrations combining one arbitral institution's rules with the case's administration by a different arbitral institution. By identifying the factors that were decisive for these borderline cases being regarded as institutional or ad hoc, the article is trying to gain insight into the core characteristics underlying each arbitration category. Drawing on these insights, it develops and explains a novel definition of "institutional arbitration".

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