scholarly journals Improvement of hydrogen production from Chlorella sp. biomass by acid-thermal pretreatment

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran T. Giang ◽  
Siriporn Lunprom ◽  
Qiang Liao ◽  
Alissara Reungsang ◽  
Apilak Salakkam
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Thermal Pretreatment ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Pretreated Biomass

Background Owing to the high growth rate, high protein and carbohydrate contents, and an ability to grow autotrophically, microalgal biomass is regarded as a promising feedstock for fermentative hydrogen production. However, the rigid cell wall of microalgae impedes efficient hydrolysis of the biomass, resulting in low availability of assimilable nutrients and, consequently, low hydrogen production. Therefore, pretreatment of the biomass is necessary in order to achieve higher hydrogen yield (HY). In the present study, acid-thermal pretreatment of Chlorella sp. biomass was investigated. Conditions for the pretreatment, as well as those for hydrogen production from the pretreated biomass, were optimized. Acid pretreatment was also conducted for comparison. Results Under optimum conditions (0.75% (v/v) H2SO4, 160 °C, 30 min, and 40 g-biomass/L), acid-thermal pretreatment yielded 151.8 mg-reducing-sugar/g-biomass. This was around 15 times that obtained from the acid pretreatment under optimum conditions (4% (v/v) H2SO4, 150 min, and 40 g-biomass/L). Fermentation of the acid-thermal pretreated biomass gave 1,079 mL-H2/L, with a HY of 54.0 mL-H2/g-volatile-solids (VS), while only 394 mL/L and 26.3 mL-H2/g-VS were obtained from the acid-pretreated biomass. Conclusions Acid-thermal pretreatment was effective in solubilizing the biomass of Chlorella sp. Heat exerted synergistic effect with acid to release nutrients from the biomass. Satisfactory HY obtained with the acid-thermal pretreated biomass demonstrates that this pretreatment method was effective, and that it should be implemented to achieve high HY.

scholarly journals Enhancing Hydrogen Production from Chlorella sp. Biomass by Pre-Hydrolysis with Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (PSSF)

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Giang ◽  
Siriporn Lunprom ◽  
Qiang Liao ◽  
Alissara Reungsang ◽  
Apilak Salakkam
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Filter Paper Unit ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and pre-hydrolysis with SSF (PSSF) were used to produce hydrogen from the biomass of Chlorella sp. SSF was conducted using an enzyme mixture consisting of 80 filter paper unit (FPU) g-biomass−1 of cellulase, 92 U g-biomass−1 of amylase, and 120 U g-biomass−1 of glucoamylase at 35 °C for 108 h. This yielded 170 mL-H2 g-volatile-solids−1 (VS), with a productivity of 1.6 mL-H2 g-VS−1 h−1. Pre-hydrolyzing the biomass at 50 °C for 12 h resulted in the production of 1.8 g/L of reducing sugars, leading to a hydrogen yield (HY) of 172 mL-H2 g-VS−1. Using PSSF, the fermentation time was shortened by 36 h in which a productivity of 2.4 mL-H2 g-VS−1 h−1 was attained. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first report on the use of SSF and PSSF for hydrogen production from microalgal biomass, and the HY obtained in the study is by far the highest yield reported. Our results indicate that PSSF is a promising process for hydrogen production from microalgal biomass.

scholarly journals The isolation and screening of microalgae for the production of oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Bojana Danilovic ◽  
Jelena Cvetkovic-Rakic ◽  
Jovan Ciric ◽  
Jelica Simeunovic ◽  
Vlada Veljkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Freshwater Microalgae ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Oil Productivity

The biodiesel production has gained increasing attention of the researches in recent years. Current commercial biodiesel production involves transesterification of oil derived from oil crops. Since this production is no more sustainable, the use of microalgae represents a good alternative. Microalgae have high growth rate, high oil content and can be cultured in the environment which are not suitable for agriculture. Additionally, microalgae cultivation improves the reduction of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Selection of microalgae for oil production must take into consider certain criteria which include growth rate, oil content, fatty acids profile and ease of separation. In order to analyze the possibility of the use of microalgae for the production of oil, isolation of freshwater microalgae was performed. The isolation was done by the use of traditional techniques from freshwaters near Leskovac. A total number of 6 microalgae strains were isolated and identified as the representatives of the genera Chlorococcum (1 isolate), Chlorella (1 isolate), Scenedesmus (1 isolate) and Desmodesmus (3 isolates). Isolates of microalgae were screened for the growth rate, biomass and oil productivity and oil content. The highest content of biomass was 1.5 g/l and it was observed in the strains Chlorococcum sp. and Desmodesmus sp. 1. The highest value of specific growth rate was calculated during the growth of microalgae Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus sp. and Desmodesmus sp.1, while the lowest value was observed for Chlorococcum sp. Oil productivity was the highest for Chlorella sp. and Desmodesmus sp.1 (0,4 g/l) and the lowest for Desmodesmus sp.2, Desmodesmus sp.3 and Chlorococcum sp. (0,2 g/l). The oil content was in the range from 15.8% (Chlorococcum sp.) to 33% (Chlorella sp). Since the microalgae isolates Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. had the highest oil productivity, high growth rate and high oil content, these strains are the most suitable for further investigation in order to improve the oil yield and analyse the possibility of the use in the production of biodiesel.

scholarly journals Optimization of Chlorella Culture Conditions with Response Surface Methodology to Increase Biomass

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kanimozhi ◽  
D. Arvind Prasath ◽  
R. Dhandapani ◽  
Santhosh Sigamani
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Accession Number ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Chlorella Sp

Microalgae is gaining popularity as a major ingredient in nutrition supplements. To mass cultivate, it is imperative to improve the biomass yield hence optimization of cultures conditions becomes paramount. In this work, an attempt has been made to optimize the microalgal production using response surface methodology (RSM) and validate further the optimized parameters. The optimum conditions for the cultivation of Chlorella sp. KPU016 under optimized nutrient conditions were pH 8.2, the light intensity of 3100 lx, glycerol 1.44 g.L-1 (under pre-set conditions of 12 h lighting, the temperature at 27±1°C. With these RSM-driven optimum conditions, the yield of microalgal biomass achieved was 282.50 mg.L-1. For larger-scale microalgal harvesting, the validated optimal conditions can be inferred as the best for enhanced microalgal production. The isolate was partially sequenced and submitted to the NCBI database and the GenBank accession number is MZ348364.

Characterization of the thermal-tolerant mutants of Chlorella sp. with high growth rate and application in outdoor photobioreactor cultivation

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (8) ◽  
pp. 2880-2883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seow-Chin Ong ◽  
Chien-Ya Kao ◽  
Sheng-Yi Chiu ◽  
Ming-Ta Tsai ◽  
Chih-Sheng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Chlorella Sp

Optimization of acid pretreatment and bio-hydrogen production from Chlorella sp. biomass

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S123
Author(s):  
T.T. Giang ◽  
S. Lunprom ◽  
A. Salakkam ◽  
A. Reungsang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Chlorella Sp

scholarly journals Co-generation of biohydrogen and biochemicals from co-digestion of Chlorella sp. biomass hydrolysate with sugarcane leaf hydrolysate in an integrated circular biorefinery concept

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Napapat Sitthikitpanya ◽  
Sureewan Sittijunda ◽  
Sontaya Khamtib ◽  
Alissara Reungsang
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Lipid Concentration ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Multiple Products ◽  
Biomass Hydrolysate ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract Background A platform for the utilization of the Chlorella sp. biomass and sugarcane leaves to produce multiple products (biorefinery concept) including hydrogen, methane, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), lipid, and soil supplement with the goal to achieve the zero waste generation (circular economy) is demonstrated in this study. Microalgal biomass were hydrolyzed by mixed enzymes while sugarcane leaves were pretreated with alkali followed by enzyme. Hydrolysates were used to produce hydrogen and the hydrogenic effluent was used to produce multi-products. Solid residues at the end of hydrogen fermentation and the remaining acidified slurries from methane production were evaluated for the compost properties. Results The maximum hydrogen yield of 207.65 mL-H2/g-volatile solid (VS)added was obtained from 0.92, 15.27, and 3.82 g-VS/L of Chlorella sp. biomass hydrolysate, sugarcane leaf hydrolysate, and anaerobic sludge, respectively. Hydrogenic effluent produced 321.1 mL/g-VS of methane yield, 2.01 g/L PHAs concentration, and 0.20 g/L of lipid concentration. Solid residues and the acidified slurries at the end of the hydrogen and methane production process were proved to have compost properties. Conclusion Hydrogen production followed by methane, PHA and lipid productions is a successful integrated circular biorefinery platform to efficiently utilize the hydrolysates of Chlorella sp. biomass and sugarcane leaf. The potential use of the solid residues at the end of hydrogen fermentation and the remaining acidified slurries from methane production as soil supplements demonstrates the zero waste concept. The approach revealed in this study provides a foundation for the optimal use of feedstock, resulting in zero waste. Graphic Abstract

Optimization of Dilute Acid Pretreatment of Paulownia for the Production of Bioethanol by Respond Surface Methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1066-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Qi Cheng ◽  
You You Sun ◽  
Yuan Cai Chen ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Yong You Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Dilute Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Hydrolysis Process

Paulownia that is widely distributed in china has the potential for fuel ethanol production because of its relative high cellulose and hemicellulose content and high growth rate. The dilute acid pretreatment hydrolysis process was optimized by developing a respond surface methodology to research the optimum condition of pretreatment. Cellulose conversion ratio and furfural concentration were conducted as the response results of the RSM. The optimal condition of pretreatment is the reaction temperature 145.5°C, the sulfuric acid concentration 1.14% and the residence time 39.3min, the highest cellulose conversion ratio 89.48% was achieved and furfural concentration was smaller than 1g/L. The chemical compositions of untreated paulownia were investigated and their structures were detected by SEM.

The Job Of Microfinance For The Advancement Of Self Help Groups In India

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
Dr.R. Murugesan ◽  
M. Leelavathi ◽  
Dr. K. Ravindran
Keyword(s):  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Entrepreneurial Skills ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Positive Step ◽  
Food Consumed

towards jumping from the category of developing economy to developed economy there is one big factor that stops and poses a hindrance in its path of advancement and that obstacle is termed as Poverty. The Indian economic policy focuses on a high growth rate along with a equal participation of the poor so that they avail the opportunities available in the market economy. And in order to ensure the participation of the poor it has become important for the country to create a platform where the poor can easily access the various financial products. Microfinance is one such strategy for inclusive growth. Microfinance can change the life of the poor though not completely but a reasonable change can be ensured. In different phases of life women play a crucial role despite the discrimination that is faced by them. But equality can be endowed to women by enhancing the entrepreneurial skills in them. This is possible through Self Help Groups (SHGs). In India women produce around 30% of the total food consumed but she gets only 10% of the property or wealth of the country. Development of women is inevitable for the development and growth of any economy. SHGs happen to be a positive step in this direction. Along with these mediums there should be a cheap and easy source of credit for them and Microfinance fulfills the requirement. This study aims to find the role of this strong medium of Microfinance in the advancement of SHGs in India

scholarly journals Hydrogen Production by Fluidized Bed Reactors: A Quantitative Perspective Using the Supervised Machine Learning Approach

J ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-287
Author(s):  
Zheng Lian ◽  
Yixiao Wang ◽  
Xiyue Zhang ◽  
Abubakar Yusuf ◽  
Lord Famiyeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactors ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Carbon Conversion ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Operational Conditions

The current hydrogen generation technologies, especially biomass gasification using fluidized bed reactors (FBRs), were rigorously reviewed. There are involute operational parameters in a fluidized bed gasifier that determine the anticipated outcomes for hydrogen production purposes. However, limited reviews are present that link these parametric conditions with the corresponding performances based on experimental data collection. Using the constructed artificial neural networks (ANNs) as the supervised machine learning algorithm for data training, the operational parameters from 52 literature reports were utilized to perform both the qualitative and quantitative assessments of the performance, such as the hydrogen yield (HY), hydrogen content (HC) and carbon conversion efficiency (CCE). Seven types of operational parameters, including the steam-to-biomass ratio (SBR), equivalent ratio (ER), temperature, particle size of the feedstock, residence time, lower heating value (LHV) and carbon content (CC), were closely investigated. Six binary parameters have been identified to be statistically significant to the performance parameters (hydrogen yield (HY)), hydrogen content (HC) and carbon conversion efficiency (CCE)) by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal operational conditions derived from the machine leaning were recommended according to the needs of the outcomes. This review may provide helpful insights for researchers to comprehensively consider the operational conditions in order to achieve high hydrogen production using fluidized bed reactors during biomass gasification.

Enrichment of hydrogen production from fruit waste biomass using ozonation assisted with citric acid

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110103
Author(s):  
Anbazhagan Sethupathy ◽  
Pushkar Kumar Pathak ◽  
Palani Sivashanmugam ◽  
Chelliah Arun ◽  
Jayakumar Rajesh banu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Fruit Waste ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Acid Dosage

In this study, the impact of ozonation abetted with the citric acid pretreatment (OZCAP) method on fruit waste was investigated for ameliorating hydrogen production. Initially, the ozonation pretreatment (OZP) method was performed by varying ozone (O3) dosage and disintegration time. At optimized conditions (O3 dosage (0.04 g/g suspended solid; SS) and disintegration time (40 minutes)), 17.6% of liquefied organics emancipate rate (LER) and 13.5% of SS reduction were perceived. Further augmenting LER of fruit waste, OZCAP method was proceeded by varying citric acid dosage and disintegration time at an optimized OZP dosage (0.04 g/g SS). A higher LER (24.4%) and SS reduction (19%) were described at an optimal citric acid dosage (0.03 g/g SS) and disintegration time (20 minutes). Then, the hydrogen production potential of OZCAP, OZP and raw fruit waste were evaluated in which OZCAP method exhibited a higher cumulative hydrogen production (30 mL/g volatile solids). Energy valuation reveals that OZCAP method exhibited a net energy of 3.7 kWh/kg of fruit waste.

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