scholarly journals Pollen report: quantitative review of pollen crude protein concentrations offered by bee pollinated flowers in agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Pamminger ◽  
Roland Becker ◽  
Sophie Himmelreich ◽  
Christof W. Schneider ◽  
Matthias Bergtold
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Pollen Quality ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Native Bee

To ease nutritional stress on managed as well as native bee populations in agricultural habitats, agro-environmental protection schemes aim to provide alternative nutritional resources for bee populations during times of need. However, such efforts have so far focused on quantity (supply of flowering plants) and timing (flower-scarce periods) while ignoring the quality of the two main bee relevant flower-derived resources (pollen and nectar). As a first step to address this issue we have compiled one geographically explicit dataset focusing on pollen crude protein concentration, one measurement traditionally associated with pollen quality for bees. We attempt to provide a robust baseline for protein levels bees can collect in- (crop and weed species) and off-field (wild plants) in agricultural habitats around the globe. Using this dataset we identify crops which provide sub-optimal pollen resources in terms of crude protein concentration for bees and suggest potential plant genera that could serve as alternative resources for protein. This information could be used by scientists, regulators, bee keepers, NGOs and farmers to compare the pollen quality currently offered in alternative foraging habitats and identify opportunities to improve them. In the long run, we hope that additional markers of pollen quality will be added to the database in order to get a more complete picture of flower resources offered to bees and foster a data-informed discussion about pollinator conservation in modern agricultural landscapes.

scholarly journals Pollen report: Quantitative review of pollen crude protein concentrations offered by bee pollinated flowers in agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Pamminger ◽  
Roland Becker ◽  
Sophie Himmelreich ◽  
Christof W Schneider ◽  
Matthias Bergtold
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Pollen Quality ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Native Bee ◽  
Data Informed

To ease nutritional stress on managed as well as native bee populations in agricultural habitats, agro-environmental protection schemes aim to provide alternative nutritional resources for bee populations during times of need. However, such efforts have so far focused on quantity (supply of flowering plants) and timing (flower-scarce periods) while ignoring the quality of the two main bee relevant flower-derived resources (pollen and nectar). As a first step to address this issue we have compiled a geographically explicit dataset focusing on pollen crude protein concentration, one measurement traditionally associated with pollen quality for bees. We attempt to provide a robust baseline for protein levels bees can collect in- (crop and weed species) and off-field (wild) in agricultural habitats around the globe. Using this database we identify crop genera which provide sub-optimal pollen resources in terms of crude protein concentration for bees and suggest potential plant genera that could serve as alternative resources for protein. This information could be used by scientists, regulators, bee keepers, NGOs and farmers to compare the pollen quality currently offered in alternative foraging habitats and identify opportunities to improve them. In the long run we hope that additional markers of pollen quality will be added to the database in order to get a more complete picture of flower resources offered to bees and foster a data-informed discussion about pollinator conservation in modern agricultural landscapes.

scholarly journals Pollen report: Quantitative review of pollen crude protein concentrations offered by bee pollinated flowers in agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Pamminger ◽  
Roland Becker ◽  
Sophie Himmelreich ◽  
Christof W Schneider ◽  
Matthias Bergtold
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Pollen Quality ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Native Bee ◽  
Data Informed

To ease nutritional stress on managed as well as native bee populations in agricultural habitats, agro-environmental protection schemes aim to provide alternative nutritional resources for bee populations during times of need. However, such efforts have so far focused on quantity (supply of flowering plants) and timing (flower-scarce periods) while ignoring the quality of the two main bee relevant flower-derived resources (pollen and nectar). As a first step to address this issue we have compiled a geographically explicit dataset focusing on pollen crude protein concentration, one measurement traditionally associated with pollen quality for bees. We attempt to provide a robust baseline for protein levels bees can collect in- (crop and weed species) and off-field (wild) in agricultural habitats around the globe. Using this database we identify crop genera which provide sub-optimal pollen resources in terms of crude protein concentration for bees and suggest potential plant genera that could serve as alternative resources for protein. This information could be used by scientists, regulators, bee keepers, NGOs and farmers to compare the pollen quality currently offered in alternative foraging habitats and identify opportunities to improve them. In the long run we hope that additional markers of pollen quality will be added to the database in order to get a more complete picture of flower resources offered to bees and foster a data-informed discussion about pollinator conservation in modern agricultural landscapes.

Growth and carcass characteristics of camels given different level of protein and energy in Iran

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 224-224
Author(s):  
Y. Rouzbehan ◽  
A. Shadmanesh ◽  
N. Debiri ◽  
M. Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Factorial Anova ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Main Effects

Recently ,there is an incrase interest in fattening camals in Iran .This trial aimed to define the influence of dietary energy and protein levels on performance and carcass quality of camels in khorasan province.For 80 days, nine diets with three metaboliseble energy 10.9, 8.8 or 7.6 MJ /kg DM and three crude protein levels 140, 120, or 100 g/kg DM were offerd ad lib to thirty six camels (mean initial weight 183 kg ± 7.7) , where each treatment were randomly allocated to four animals, that were housed individually. Food intakes were recorded daily. Throughout the trial , all animals were weighed at fortnightly intervals. At the end of the project ,two animals from each treatment were slaughtered and carcass quality were determined. Data were analysed as a 3x3 factorial Anova, with energy and protein were the main effects.

Effect Crude Protein Levels on the Broodstock Spermatic Quality of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinez Oliveira ◽  
Mônica Ferreira ◽  
Marcilia Goulart ◽  
Viviane Felizardo ◽  
Luis Murgas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

scholarly journals Histopathological alterations in bullfrog juveniles fed commercial rations of different crude protein levels

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2306-2310 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Teixeira de Seixas Filho ◽  
Marcio Hipolito ◽  
Ana Maria Cristina Rabello Pinto da Fonseca Martins ◽  
Eliane Rodrigues ◽  
Airton Antonio Castagna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Renal Tubule ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the quality of dietary crude protein and health of bullfrog juveniles (Lithobates catesbeianus) was evaluated by necropsy and histopathological examination of animals. The histopathology results showed that animals fed different feeds, regardless of CP levels, presented lymphocytary hepatitis, colitis and flattened microvillosities; kidneys with areas of tubulonephrosis and renal tubule calcification; myocarditis and cardiac muscular fiber dissociation. Such injuries suggested a degenerative nutritional process, with development of inflammatory processes spread to all the organs. These findings suggested that the animals had been fed with proteins of low biological value, indicating, apparently, poor feed quality, that harmed the health of the frogs and, consequently, their performance. Complementary studies are necessary to understand the biochemical behavior of the bullfrog in its second phase of life, supplying data for a better understanding of the nutrition of these animals.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation of Some Antioxidants as Attenuators of Heat Stress on Chicken Meat Characteristics

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Mihaela Saracila ◽  
Tatiana Dumitra Panaite ◽  
Silvia Mironeasa ◽  
Arabela Elena Untea
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Chromium Picolinate ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
Breast Meat

The study evaluated the effect of dietary chromium and vitamin C, Zinc, and sorrel wood powder supplements on chicken health and the nutritional, textural, and sensorial quality of chicken meat. A total of 120 Cobb 500 chickens (heat stress, 32 °C) were assigned into four treatments: control diet (C) and three test diets including 200 µg/kg diet chromium picolinate and supplemented with: 0.25 g vitamin C(VC)/kg diet (E1), 0.025 g Zn/kg diet (E2), and 10 g creeping wood sorrel powder (CWS)/kg diet (E3). Crude protein concentration increased in the breast meat from the E3 group; crude fat decreased in E1 and E3 compared to those fed the C diet. Dietary combinations of CrPic with VC, Zn, and CWS increased redness and decreased the luminosity parameter of breast meat compared with the C group. Dietary combinations of CrPic with VC and CWS lowered the hardness of breast meat. Significant positive correlation was found between hardness–gumminess (r = 0.891), gumminess–cohesiveness (r = 0.771), cohesiveness–resilience-EE (r = 0.861; r = 0.585), ash-L* (r = 0.426), and a negative one between ash–a* (r = 0.446). In conclusion, a dietary combination of CrPic with VC, Zn, and CWS as antioxidant sources could have a beneficial effect on quality without affecting sensory attributes.

Growth and carcase quality of lambs fed concentrate rations in a feedlot

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (43) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
B Romberg ◽  
GR Pearce ◽  
DE Tribe
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Initial Weight Loss ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Rumen Ph

Two feedlot experiments were conducted during 1967 and 1968 using crossbred lambs and concentrate rations. In experiment 1, in 1967, seven rations at three crude protein levels (approximately 15, 21, and 29 per cent) and with various constituents were fed to lambs selected at 50 lb bodyweight. Three rations were in both the pelleted and the dry mash form. Growth rate, efficiency of feed conversion, and carcase quality were measured. After an initial period of twelve days, when all lambs lost weight, lambs on the pelleted diets grew faster than those on the mash diets, but there were no differences due to protein level or to the various constituents in the diets. In experiment 2, in 1968, three pelleted diets were compared, two at low and high crude protein from experiment 1 (17 and 31 per cent), and the third at 19 per cent. Four treatments were included within each diet to overcome the initial period of weight loss : a. diet alone, b. diet and 30 per cent hay decreasing to none after 12 days, c. diet with 3 per cent calcium carbonate included throughout the experiment, d. diet with 3 per cent CaCO3 included, plus hay for the first 12 days. Hay overcame the initial weight loss and low rumen pH, but subsequently the lambs fed the lowest protein diet with 3 per cent CaCO3 grew faster and were the most efficient. Dry matter digestibility and nitrogen retention were also compared in a metabolism trial for the three diets in experiment 2.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF HERBAL EXTRACTS AND PROBIOTIC FEEDING ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF BROILERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Syukur Hasibuan ◽  
J Silalahi ◽  
M Masfria
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

ABSTRACT Objective: To find out the effect of probiotics, javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) and breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) leaves extract in feedon productivity and quality of broilers. Design: The design of this study was experimental research. The viscous herbal extract from javanese turmeric and breadfruit leaves were prepared by maceration with 96% ethanol and the probiotics used EM4 (Effective Microorganisms-4). This study used male chicks and divided into 5 groups:  (1) negative control treatment (feed), (2) positive controls  (feed+antibiotics), (3) feed+0.1% extract+1% probiotics, (4) feed+0.2% extract+2% probiotics and (5) feed +0.3% extract+3% probiotics. The positive control used erythromycin. Feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion rate were observed for 35 days. Total cholesterol and crude protein levels were examined on day 35. Interventions: The intervened variable was the concentration of extract used. Main outcome measures: The main measurement in this study were feed conversion rate,total cholesterol and crude protein levels. Results: The results showedthat combination of probiotics, javanese turmeric and breadfruit leaves herbal extract increased body weight 10.71% and feed intake 61.60%, decreased feed conversion 13.97% and total cholesterol 27.95% of treatment group and significantly different with negative and positive control groups (p<0.05) but did not affect (p>0.05) to crude protein levelsof treatment group or negative and positive control group. Conclusion: The administration of probiotics, javanese turmeric and breadfruit leaves herbal extract increased productivity and decreased cholesterol levels but did not affect crude protein levels in broilers.

scholarly journals Effect of Protein Supplementation in the Bee Apis mellifera L. Exposed to the Agrochemical Fipronil

Sociobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. e5830
Author(s):  
Iloran do Rosário Corrêa Moreira ◽  
Daniel Cavalcante Brambila de Barros ◽  
Juliana Sartori Lunardi ◽  
Ricardo de Oliveira Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Hemolymph Protein

Inadequate quantity and quality of proteins in honey bee diet can cause weakening of their colonies and damage their resistance to agrochemical contamination, such as fipronil, which is highly toxic to bees. Thus, we tested the hypothesis if protein supplementation would improve longevity and locomotion of honeybees exposed to fipronil pesticide. Colonies of Apis mellifera Africanized were distributed into Control Group without protein supplementation and Supplemented Group with 25% crude protein provided as a paste form at 100 g per week. After four weeks, frames with sealed brood were removed and kept in an incubator until the emergence of worker bees, which were marked, returned to their hives and recaptured six days later to measure protein concentration in the hemolymph. The bee population development was measured by evaluating frames containing the queen’s oviposition from each colony. Also, nursing bees were recaptured exposed by contact to fipronil LD50% (0.009 ± 0.003 μg/bee), and the longevity and motor activity were measured. The results showed that the bee swarms protein supplementation promoted a significant increase in the sealed brood area. However, it did not promote changes in the protein content of the hemolymph. Protein supplementation of bee swarms did not influence the survival of bees exposed to fipronil in the locomotion tests; however, fipronil was toxic to bees and promoted changes in the locomotion of bees.

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