scholarly journals The Effects of Combined Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Annona muricata and Artocarpus heterophyllus on Reproductive Parameters of Type 2 Diabetic Wistar Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
F. C. Anacletus ◽  
C. L. Onuah ◽  
K. T. Nwauche
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Sperm Density ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Aim: The aim of this research is to study the combined effects of the ethanolic leaf extracts of Annona muricata and Artocarpus heterophyllus on the reproductive parameters of type II diabetic wistar albino rats. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six (56) male wistar albino rats were induced with Type II diabetes mellitus using high fat diet and 35 mg/kg body weight streptozotocin (HFD-STZ). Results: The result obtained showed a decreased testosterone level 0.78±.06 ng/ml on the diabetic group while the non-diabetic group had testosterone level of 1.90±.09 ng/ml. Treatment with combined ethanol leaf extract of A. muricata and A. heterophyllus led to a significant (p≤0.05) increase in the testosterone level of the treated groups. The motility, viability and the sperm density were also normalised in the treated groups.The result obtained from the present research showed that combined ethanolic leaf extracts of A. muricata and A. heterophyllus has ameliorative effect of the reproductive parameters of type II diabetic male wistar albino rats.

scholarly journals The Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Annona Muricata (Graviola) on Radiation-Induced Rat Sciatic Nerve Injury.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emrah Keskin ◽  
Özlem Elmas ◽  
Havva Hande Keser Şahin ◽  
Çağhan Tönge ◽  
Ahmet Günaydın
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Injury ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Abstract Background: In radiotherapy (RT) exposure area, normal tissues are also affected that may cause serious complications in the patients. This study aimed to evaluate Annona muricata’s radioprotective effects on sciatic nerve injury due to ionizing radiation (IR). Methods and Results: 32 adult female Wistar albino rats separated into 4 equal groups; Control (C), Annona muricata leaf extracts (AME), radiation (RAD), radiation and Annona muricata leaf extracts (AME+RAD). In groups AME and AME+RAD, Annona muricata leaf extracts were administered at a dose of 300 mg/kg for the first day and 50 mg/kg everyday for following one week intraperitoneally. In RAD and AME+RAD, rats were exposed to a single dose of 20 Gray IR to their right legs. All the subjects were sacrified at the end of the first month. Oxidative stress biochemical parameters (SOD, CAT and GPx) from blood samples were analyzed. Right sciatic nerves extracted and histomorphology evaluated. Statistically significant vasculature, degenerative and necrotic changes were observed in RAD, compared to C and AME (p<0,01). Swelling in myelin sheath was predominantly seen in RAD. Alterations in the level of CAT (p<0,01), SOD (p<0,01) and GPx (p<0,05) in AME+RAD group compared to RAD group were found to be statistically significant.Conclusion: Our study unveiled that AM could have a potential of biochemically and histomorphology healing on sciatic nerve injury due to ionizing radiation.

scholarly journals STUDY ON APHRODISIAC ACTIVITY OF OLEA DIOICA ROXB. BARK, LEAF EXTRACTS, AND ITS PURE COMPOUND USING WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Ashwathanarayana R ◽  
Raja Naika
Keyword(s):  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
Intromission Latency ◽  
Intromission Frequency ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Minor Compounds ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objectives: We aimed to assess the effects of O. dioica Roxb. leaf and bark extract and its isolated constituent benzeneethanol, 4-hydroxy- on aphrodisiac activity in rats using different standard aphrodisiac parameters.Methods: To determine the aphrodisiac activity several parameters were observed. These include measuring and observing the mount frequency (MF), mount latency (ML), intromission frequency (IF), intromission latency (IL), anogenital sniffing (AS), and genital grooming (GG).Results: The aphrodisiac activity of O. dioica Roxb. leaf and bark extracts and its pure compound were studied on Wistar albino rats at different dosages. The parameters observed during the study were MF, ML, IF, IL, AS, and GG. The results revealed that the crude extracts showed dose-dependent activity in all the concentration, in that, ethanolic leaf extract showed excellent activity compared to ethanolic bark extract and pure compound benzene ethanol 4-hydroxy.Conclusion: Results showed the excellent aphrodisiac activity of O. dioica Roxb. leaf and bark ethanolic extracts. However, the major compound benzeneethanol, 4-hydroxy- was not responsible for the aphrodisiac activity, may be the minor compounds even though in minor concentration in the extract influence the sexual activity in tested animals.

scholarly journals Body Weight and Platelet Count Changes in Zidovudine Administered Wistar Albino Rats Treated with Ethanolic Extracts of Annona muricata and Fagara zanthoxyloide

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ekere, Oghenekaro Uchechukwu ◽  
Ikpeama, Utomoibor Evelyn
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Zidovudine administration either in single or fixed-dose combination usually results in a decrease in body weight and in some cases thrombocytopenia. The present study investigated the body weight and platelet count changes observed in zidovudine pre-administered Wistar albino rats on treatment with ethanolic extracts of the leaves Annona muricata (AM) and roots of Fagara zanthoxyloide (FZ). Plants samples were collected from Alakahia community, Rivers state and Opoo community, Ogun state; while Wistar albino rats were grouped into normal control, negative control (receiving zidovudine at 100 g/ml/Kg bw), AM and FZ extract treatment (at 4.5 and 3.8 g/ml/Kg B.W respectively) groups with analysis performed bi-weekly. All tests were performed using standard procedures with all reagents of analytic grade. Phytochemical screening of the extracts showed significantly high amounts of alkaloids (10.47- 21.15 mg / 100 g), phenols (10.60-15.22 mg / 100 g) and tannins (14.23 - 50.19 mg / 100 g). The investigation into their proximate compositions also showed high fat (5.78 ± 0.02) in FZ, moisture (10.47 ± 0.05) in AM and fibre (7.37 ± 0.03) in FZ. The amino acid phenylalanine (5.10-6.01 g / 100 g), isoleucine (4.44-5.20 g / 100 g), lysine (4.03 -5.31 g / 100 g) was observed to be available in the extracts. In the normal control group body weight increased by 20.75 g at week 6 while administration of Zidovudine, resulted in a decreased in bodyweight by 1.14 g in week 2 and 3.32 g in week 6. Extract treatment caused a significant increase (p≤0.05) in body weight by 17.95g (AM) and 18.23g (FZ) at week 6. Platelet count was also observed to significantly decrease (p≤0.05) by 33.42% in the negative control group when compared to the normal control. This was observed to significant increases in extract treatment by 49.56% (AM) and 51.32% (FZ). The results thus suggest a possible beneficial effect of the extracts of AM and FZ in checkmating the weight and platelet loss observed as a side effect of zidovudine therapy as well as the possible use in haemorrhagic conditions to reduce bleeding without thromboembolism.

scholarly journals Protective effects of vitamin E on central nervous system in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibel Canbaz Kabay ◽  
Hilmi Ozden ◽  
Gul Guven ◽  
M Cengiz Ustuner ◽  
Irfan Degirmenci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: To evaluate the histopathological and antioxidant effects of vitamin E (VE) treatment on brain tissue in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty two male Wistar albino rats were used. The study comprised four groups of 8 rats: Group A - untreated group, group B - diabetic group, group C - VE and group D - diabetic plus VE. In the diabetic groups, diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg/kg STZ. Vitamin E was given 50 mg/kg/day i.p. for three weeks. Concentrations of glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were detected in the haemolysate. Results: Glucose concentrations were increased in the blood of the STZ-treated rats compared with those in the diabetic groups (group B and D). The MDA concentrations in the brain from diabetic rats increased, whereas the GPx, SOD, CAT concentrations decreased. Treatment with VE returned concentrations of MDA, GPx, SOD and CAT toward control values. The MDA concentration in the diabetic group (20.65±2.24 nmol/mg Hb) was decreased compared with the VE treated group (15.54±1.32 nmol/mg Hb). There were no pathological differences between untreated and VE treated rats’ brains. Neuronal ischemic damages were determined in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Ischemic neuronal alterations in group B (diabetic) had more damage than group D (diabetic + VE). Conclusion: The study revealed neuroprotective effects of VE on ischemic damage in diabetic central neuronal cells, caused by diabetic oxidative stress.

scholarly journals ANTI ARTHRITIC ACTIVITY OF HERBO MINERAL SIDDHA PREPARATION ARUMUGA CHENDURAM AGAINST TYPE II COLLAGEN INDUCED ARTHRITIS IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
M. Ramamurthy ◽  
V. Thanigavelan ◽  
S. Elansekaran ◽  
V. Srinivasan ◽  
P. Shanmugapriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Collagen Induced Arthritis ◽  
Immune Disorder ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Siddha system of medicine is the eternal science of life. It is a system that has its extensive bonding with Dravidian culture, language and beliefs. The system of medicine mostly prevailed and prospered in the regions of Dravidian cultures by the great Siddhars. It’s unique as one only than other AYUSH traditional systems of medicine across India with its distinctive abundant usage of medicinal plants, metals, minerals and animal products. Siddhars used the steps of Alchemy to prepare various medicines from metallic and mineral origin for attainment elixir and various rare diseases. Siddha medicine is classified into 32 types of internal and external medicine each. Among the 32 types of internal medicine Chendhuram is a medicine shelf life of 75 years usually from herbo-mineral combinations. Arumuga Chendhuram (ARC) is a herbo-mineral formulation cited in Siddha literature ‘Siddha Vaithiya Thirattu’. ARC was orally administered at higher dose 2gm/kg to the Wistar Albino rats in acute toxicity study and during 28 days of repeated (sub acute) toxicity study, at daily doses of 12, 24 & 48mg/kg of body weight to the Wistar Albino rats. Type II collagen arthritis is another model for developing autoimmune arthritis. The immune pathogenesis mediated by T cell and B cell response to collagen. By this model, nearly 100% arthritis can be achieved. In our study, ARC after 42 days treatment reduced the arthritic swelling significantly and degree of inflammation evident to act against auto immune disorder.

scholarly journals Annona Muricata protects against cadmium-mediated oxidative damage in the brain and liver of rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260
Author(s):  
Johnson Oladele ◽  
Omowumi Adewale ◽  
Olu Oyewole ◽  
Mistura Salami ◽  
Ganiyat Owoade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Hepatic Damage ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Serum Total Bilirubin ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Brain

This present research work was designed to investigate the potential chemopreventive effects of Annona Muricata on cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative neuronal damage in Wistar albino rats. In this study, twenty-eight (28) Wistar albino rats were randomized into four groups, with seven rats each. Group A served as the control and provided distilled water orally. Groups B, C and D were exposed to 5 mg/kg body weight cadmium chloride orally, while in Groups C and D 200 and 500 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic seed extract of Annona Muricata were administered, respectively, via oral administration, while group B was left untreated for 14 days. Cadmium induced hepatic damage with significant (p < 0.05) elevation of serum total bilirubin, total protein, AST and ALT. Cadmium also caused oxidative neuronal and hepatic damage in rats with significant decrease in ascorbic acid level, GSH, GPx, CAT and SOD activities in the tissues. Lipid peroxidation (MDA level) was significantly increased in rats treated with cadmium alone. Histological findings reveal distortion in brain architecture with intense inflammatory cells especially seen between the grey and white matter. Liver histology reveal chronic inflammation and infiltration of the hepatic cells. However, administration of ethanolic seed extract of Annona Muricata significantly reverse all the toxic effects of cadmium in the brain and liver, suggesting its hepatoprotective effects and therapeutic importance in neurodegenerative disorders.

Protective effect of the ethanolic and methanolic leaf extracts of Madhuca longifolia against diclofenac-induced toxicity in female Wistar albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerine Peter Simon ◽  
Manisha Parthasarathy ◽  
Sangeetha Nithyanandham ◽  
RamKumar Katturaja ◽  
Arunraj Namachivayam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Madhuca Longifolia ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats
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