scholarly journals Application of Trichoderma viride and Bacillus subtilis Modulates Antioxidant System in Mustard (Brassica juncea) under Water-deficit Stress

2021 ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
. Kavita ◽  
Krishna Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Content Increase

Water-deficit stress is an important concern worldwide that reduces crop yield and quality. Mustard is an important oilseed crop of India which is adversely affected by water-deficit stress in terms of growth and yield. Tolerance to water-deficit stress is correlated with the redox regulatory and antioxidant system. To mitigate negative effect of water-deficit stress, field experiment was conducted at Dholi (Muzaffarpur), Bihar during 2019-20 with an aim to study the effect of microbes on antioxidant systems in mustard grown under water-deficit stress vis-à-vis normal irrigated conditions. Pre-screened contrasting genotypes (tolerant ‘NPJ 214’ and sensitive ‘TM 179’) were sown in the experimental farm using factorial experiment in randomized block design with three replications. The treatments (12) comprised of two factors viz., genotypes (2) and microbial inoculants along with control (3) sown under normal ‘irrigated’ and ‘water-deficit stress’ conditions. Soil inoculation microbes Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma viride was done 35 days after sowing and was compared with non-inoculated control. Results revealed that the activity of antioxidative enzymes viz., catalase and peroxidase increased under water-deficit stress; the increase was reduced by the application of B. subtilis and T. viride in both tolerant and sensitive genotypes, and more pronounced in the sensitive genotypes. Similar results were recorded with respect to lipid peroxidation and proline content. Increase in concentration of stress-induced metabolites was less in colonized plants of mustard indicating modulation of antioxidant system. The maximum ameliorating effect was observed with application of T. viride which could be an important tool in alleviating the adverse effects of water-deficit stress in mustard.

scholarly journals Methionine-induced regulation of growth, secondary metabolites and oxidative defense system in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants subjected to water deficit stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259585
Author(s):  
Gull Mehak ◽  
Nudrat Aisha Akram ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Prashant Kaushik ◽  
Mohamed A. El-Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Growth Stages

Optimum water availability at different growth stages is one the major prerequisites of best growth and yield production of plants. Exogenous application of plant growth regulators considered effective for normal functioning of plants under water-deficit conditions. A study was conducted to examine the influence of exogenously applied L-methionine on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants grown under water-deficit conditions. Twenty-five-day old seedlings of four sunflower cultivars, FH331, FH572, FH652 and FH623 were exposed to control (100% F.C.) and drought stress (60% F.C.) conditions. After 30-day of drought stress, L-methionine (Met; 20 mg/L) was applied as a foliar spray to control and drought stressed plants. Water deficit stress significantly reduced shoot fresh and dry weights shoot and root lengths, and chlorophyll a content in all four cultivars. While a significant increase was observed due to water deficiency in relative membrane permeability (RMP), malondialdehyde (MDA), total soluble proteins (TSP), total soluble sugars (TSS), ascorbic acid (AsA) and activity of peroxidase (POD). Although, exogenously applied Met was effective in decreasing RMP, MDA and H2O2 contents, it increased the shoot fresh weight, shoot length, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a/b ratio, proline contents and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT enzymes in all four cultivars under water deficit stress. No change in AsA and total phenolics was observed due to foliar-applied Met under water stress conditions. Of all sunflower cultivars, cv. FH-572 was the highest and cv. FH-652 the lowest of all four cultivars in shoot fresh and dry weights as well as shoot length under drought stress conditions. Overall, foliar applied L-methionine was effective in improving the drought stress tolerance of sunflower plants that was found to be positively associated with Met induced improved growth attributes and reduced RMP, MDA and H2O2 contents under water deficit conditions.

Uniconazole-induced tolerance of soybean to water deficit stress in relation to changes in photosynthesis, hormones and antioxidant system

2007 ◽  
Vol 164 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingcai Zhang ◽  
Liusheng Duan ◽  
Xiaoli Tian ◽  
Zhongpei He ◽  
Jianmin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Induced Tolerance

scholarly journals Effect of Microelements and Selenium on Superoxide Dismutase Enzyme, Malondialdehyde Activity and Grain Yield Maize (Zea mays L.) under Water Deficit Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourali SAJEDI ◽  
Hamid MADANI ◽  
Ahmad NADERI
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Main Plot

This study was carried out to investigate effects of microelements under water deficit stress at different growth stages on antioxidant enzyme alteration, chemical biomarker and grain yield of maize in the years 2007 and 2008. The experiment was conducted in a split plot factorial based on a randomized complete block design with four replications. There were three factors, water deficit stress at different stages of growth as main plot and combinations of selenium (with and without using) and microelements (with and without using) as sub plots. The result indicated that the activity of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde content under water deficit stress increased, but grain yield was reduced. The highest grain yield was obtained from optimum irrigation, while in the case of with water deficit stress at V8 stage it was non significant. Selenium spray increased activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme, malondialdehyde content of leaves in V8, R2 and R4 stages and also grain yield. Application of microelements increased the leaves superoxide dismutase enzyme activity and malondialdehyde content. Selenium and microelements spray under water deficit stress conditions during vegetative growth and dough stage increased grain yield in comparison to not spraying elements under water stress conditions. The present results also showed that by using selenium and microelements under water stress can obtain acceptable yield compared to not using these elements.

scholarly journals Osmolyte-induced water deficit stress mitigation during panicle initiation stage in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Md. Nurjamal Islam ◽  
Abdul Awal Chowdhury Masud ◽  
Md. Mahabub Alam ◽  
Md. Nurnabi Islam ◽  
Mohammed Lutfur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Initiation Stage

A field experiment was conducted to observe the osmolyte-induced water deficit stress mitigation during the panicle initiation stage in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan72). At the panicle initiation stage, plants were simulated with four levels of water regimes viz., well-irrigated (D0), water deficit for 5 d (D1), 10 d (D2) and 15 d (D3). Plants were treated with or without 10 mM of proline (Pro) and trehalose (Tre) as foliar spray started at mid-vegetative stage and continued till the end of stress period. Results revealed that water deficit stress drastically reduced most of the plant morpho-physiological attributes while other yield contributing characters were also affected due to prolonged water deficit stress. However, exogenous application of osmolytes like Pro and Tre significantly increased all those morphological, physiological and yield contributing parameters. Foliar addition of osmolytes concomitantly decreased the number of non-effective tillers hill-1 and the number of unfilled grain panicle-1 under water stress condition. Although both the osmolytes performed well under multiple duration of drought stress, the application of 10 mM Pro markedly improved all growth and yield contributing parameters under D1 water deficit stress compared to other stress durations. Hence, it may be concluded that the use of osmolytes would be a prospective remedy against moderate water deficit stress in transplanted rice production.

scholarly journals Application of jasmonic acid can mitigate water deficit stress in cotton through yield-related physiological properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Yosefi ◽  
Shahram Sharafzadeh ◽  
Forood Bazrafshan ◽  
Mahdi Zare ◽  
Bahram Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Semiarid Regions ◽  
Arid And Semiarid

Precise and appropriate management of farmland for a cotton crop to reach the highest water use efficiency with a low water supply and an acceptable yield is required in arid- and semiarid regions. This study in Iran aimed to find the most appropriate concentration of jasmonic acid (JA) and the best stage for application to cope with any negative impacts of water deficit stress. A split-plot factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was used in 2 consecutive years (2016–2017). Two irrigation intervals of 10 and 20 days were used, with four concentrations of JA (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg L<sup>−1</sup> ) and applications at three crop stages (vegetative, reproductive, and vegetative and reproductive together). The final results showed that the 20-day interval significantly decreased relative water content, the quantity of cotton, cotton yield and its related traits including boll number per plant, the 1,000-seed weight, seed cotton yield, lint yield, and lint percentage. It also increased the content of proline and soluble sugars. The 50-mg L<sup>−1</sup> concentration of JA applied at the vegetative-reproductive stages appropriately mitigated the negative effects of water deficit. These results are of practical application for farmers in arid- and semiarid regions with low water supply when irrigating cotton lands in order to reach an acceptable cotton yield.

scholarly journals Influence of cut-off irrigation on seed quality and physiological indices of various safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Mohammad Taghi Tabib Loghmani ◽  
Forood Bazrafshan ◽  
Omid Alizadeh ◽  
Bahram Amiri ◽  
Abdollah Bahrani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Fars Province

Safflower (<em>Carthamus tinctorius</em> L.) is an oilseed crop adapted to arid and semiarid regions. In this study, an experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of water deficiency on plant height, 1,000-grain weight, seed yield, harvest index, relative water content (RWC), oil yield, and oil content in 15 safflower genotypes. A split-plot randomized complete blocks design was arranged with three replications. Safflower plants were grown under normal irrigation and water deficit conditions in Sarvestan, Fars Province, Iran during 2016 and 2017 growing seasons. Combined analysis results indicated that water deficit stress had negative effects on all measured indices. Average seed yield declined by 65.91% (2,337.91 to 796.79 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) due to water deficit stress. Genotype also had a significant effect on evaluated indices, and the interaction between genotype and irrigation significantly influenced all indices except plant height. Under both conditions, highest RWC, seed yield, and oil yield were observed in Dincer and PI-537598 genotypes. Maximum plant height and 1,000-seed weight in both irrigation conditions were observed in the Dincer genotype. In the normal irrigation condition, maximum harvest index and oil content were observed in the CW-74 genotype. Thus, Dincer and PI-537598 were classified as the best genotypes (based on seed yield, RWC, and oil yield) under both normal irrigation and water deficit stress conditions.

scholarly journals Solubility of Rock Phosphate and its Effect to the Growth and Yield of Maize on Ultisols

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Antonius Kasno ◽  
Diah Setyorini ◽  
Sutisni Dwiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Rock Phosphates ◽  
Maize Growth ◽  
P Content ◽  
P Fertilizer

Phosphor is a macro nutrients and it becomes the main limiting factor for maize growth on Ultisols. Rock phosphate is one of P fertilizer sources contains high P and Ca content, slow release and soluble under acid condition, suitable for acid soil. The objective of this research is to study the solubility of rock phosphate and its influence to the growth and yield of maize on Ultisols.  This research was conducted in the research laboratory and the green house of Indonesia Soil Research Institute (ISRI). Ultisols soil samples were taken from oil palm plantation in North Sumatera. Christmas Island Rock Phosphate (CIRP) and Tunisia rock phosphate was used in this research. There are two activity conducted simultaneously, which is application of rock phosphate on Ultisols under plant indicator and without plant. The experimental design is randomized complete block design with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The pot experiment without plant was conducted using1 kg of soil sample mixed with rock phosphate treatment and placed into plastic plot.  During 3 months of incubation, soil water content was maintained under field capacity by aquadest.  The dosages of P fertilizer were 0, 157.6 and 315.2 kg P2O5 ha-1. Soil samples were taken on 1, 2, and 3 months after P fertilization for measuring pH, P content (by HCl 25 %, Bray 1 and Olsen extraction), P-inorganic fractionation (Al-P, Fe-P, Rs-P and Ca-P), exchangeable acidity (Al and H), Al and free of Fe oxide. The pot experiments with maize were conducted using 7.5 kg soil samples mixed with 2 different rock phosphates as a treatment. The dosages of rock phosphate were similar with experiment 1. Urea 300 kg and 150 kg KCl ha1 were applied as a basal fertilizer. Maize was planted two seed per pot and maintain until harvest time. The result of the research shows that soil P content increase with RP application, Tunisia rock phosphate give higher response than the CIRP. Direct application of rock phosphate with Fe and Al content did not increase significantly the Aldd, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 content on soil.  Application of CIRP and Tunisia rock phosphate increased maize growth and yield significantly.

scholarly journals Effects of TiO2 nanoparticles and water-deficit stress on morpho-physiological characteristics of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammad Esmailpour ◽  
Ali GHERANPAYE
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Nano Titanium Dioxide

<p>Water-deficit stress is the most important environmental factors limiting plant growth, and production. Nano-titanium dioxide (nano anataseTiO<sub>2</sub>) can have various profound effects on the crop physiological, biochemical and morphological characteristics. In the present research, the influences of different concentrations ofTiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) (0, 10 and 40 ppm) and water-deficit stress on Dragonhead (<em>Dracocephalum moldavica</em> L.) were investigated in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that under normal irrigation, foliar application of 10 ppm TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs increased plant shoot dry mass and essential oils content. Under water-deficit stress condition, plants treated with 10 ppm TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs had more proline and much less H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and malondialdehyde content as compared to untreated plants. Therefore, it can be concluded that proper concentration of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs probably can be used as an exogenous stimuli for improvement of shoot growth and essential oil content in plants. Furthermore, water-deficit stress-induced damages such as oxidative stress and membrane damage can be ameliorated by foliar application of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs at appropriate concentrations.</p>

Effect of Water Deficit on Yield of Different Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aref M. Alshameri ◽  
Salem S. Alghamdi ◽  
Abdelrhman Z. Gaafar ◽  
Bander M. Almunqedhi ◽  
Ahmed A. Qahtan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Water Treatments

Background: Faba beans (Vicia faba L.) are important grain legumes but, as with many crops, these are also susceptible to water deficit. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield components of twenty faba bean genotypes grown under water deficit.Methods: Three water treatments were applied, 25%, 50% and 100% of field capacity. A split-plot arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replicates was used.Result: The faba genotypes Gazira2, Kamline, L4, Cairo7 and Giza402 reached flowering earlier than other genotypes through stress-escape mechanisms. Genotypes L4, Gazira1, Kamline, X.735 and Gazira2 had the highest seed yield under water-deficit conditions. Genotypes L4, X.735, 989/309/95, Kamline and Gazira1 exhibited the highest levels of biological yield. Finally, the genotypes Kamline and L.4 had higher yields and yield components under water-deficit stress. Consequently, they should be considered for use in breeding programs aimed at developing new cultivars that are better adapted to harsh environmental conditions.

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