scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metals Content in African Giant Rat (Cricetomys gambianus)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
T. A. Atanda ◽  
O. O. Murana ◽  
O. J. Tijani ◽  
V. A. Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cricetomys Gambianus ◽  
African Giant Rat

This study was undertaken to evaluate the concentrations of heavy metals in the liver, kidney and tissue of Africa giant rat (Cricetomys gambianus) in three (3) processing centers in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria with a view to determine its safeness for consumption. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy was used to determine the concentrations of heavy metals in the liver, tissue and kidney of Africa giant rat. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found out that Mn, Zn and Cu are present in liver, tissue and kidney of Cricetomys gambianus while cobalt, cadmium, chromium, lead and nickel are below detection limit. Mn levels ranged between 0.015±0.002, 0.01±0.002 and 0.005±0.003 for liver, tissue and kidney respectively. Zn levels ranged between 0.070±0.016, 0.032±0.013 and0.044±0.006 for liver, tissue and kidney respectively. Cu levels ranged between 0.0087±0.0061, 0.000±0.000 and 0.0057±0.0001 for liver, tissue and kidney respectively. Highest manganese concentration was observed in the liver (0.015±0.002 mg/kg) while highest copper concentration was observed in the liver (0.0087±0.0061 mg/kg).The levels of heavy metals in the liver, tissue and kidney ranged from 1.91±0.00 to 3.96±0.00 mg/kg Zn; 0.15±0.00 to 0.17±0.00 mg/kg Pb; 0.20±0.00 to 1.98±0.00 mg/kg Cu; 0.03±0.00 to 0.27±0.00 mg/kg Cd; and 0.00±0.02 to 0.00±0.00 mg/kg Co; on average. The highest concentration of zinc and copper were found in the liver while manganese is also deposited more in the liver. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test on the distribution and concentrations of all the metals in the liver, tissue and kidney shows that (p<0.05), i.e. there is significant difference in the amount of the elements in this samples and are not safe for human consumption.

scholarly journals The Study of Concentrations of Some Heavy Metals in Relation to Size of Macrobrachium vollenhovenii (Herklots, 1857) in Asejire Lake, Oyo State, Southwest Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abayomi Jimoh ◽  
Abiodun Ojesanmi ◽  
Rasaq Olowu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Animal Tissue ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Cu And Zn

Introduction: Heavy metals are useful for essential animal tissue metabolism; however, when these metals exist beyond the permissible limits, they cause ecological damage and constitute threat to human health. Freshwater prawns, including Macrobrachium vollenhovenii, are bio-indicators of metal pollution. M. vollenhovenii is an important source of protein and abundant in the Asejire Lake, which serves as a major source of drinking water to people living around the Lake. Aims: This study was therefore designed to examine the concentrations of some heavy metals (Mn, Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn) in water, sediment and different sizes of Macrobrachium vollenhovenii in Asejire Lake, southwest Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Quarterly sampling of M. vollenhovenii, water and sediment was conducted on Asejire Lake in the months of November, February and May. Analysis of the selected heavy metals in the various samples was done using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Bioaccumulation Factors (BAF) of the metals were also determined. Results: Heavy metals concentration in prawns was in this order: Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Cd. Ranked mean concentration of heavy metals in different prawn sizes was large > small > medium. There was no significant difference, at p > 0.05, among heavy metals concentrations in different prawn sizes, except in Cadmium. Pb, Cu and Zn were detected in water, while all the five metals were detected in sediment. Large prawns bioaccumulated the most heavy metals while medium prawns bioaccumulated the least. Cu was the most bioaccumulated heavy metal. Concentrations of Mn, Pb, Cu and Cd were above the FAO limit for prawn; concentrations of Cu and Zn in water were below the WHO limit, while Pb was above the limit. Concentrations of heavy metals in sediment were lower than the FAO limit. Conclusion: These results suggest that prawns and water from Asejire Lake are not safe for human consumption, and it is recommended that proper managerial policy be put in place to check the influx of these metals into the Lake. Keywords: Heavy Metals, Size, Macrobrachium vollenhovenii, Asejire Lake

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metals concentration in the intestine, kidney and muscle of Oreochromis niloticus in Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta reservoir

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
F. I. Adeosun ◽  
A. A. Akinyemi ◽  
W. O. Abdul ◽  
A. O. Agbon ◽  
O. C. Odebiyi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Safe Limits

Different sizes of Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia) were caught using cast net in FUNAAB reservoir. Water samples were also collected and analyzed for five metals: Lead, Chromium, Cadmium, Zinc, and Copper by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). During the experiment, three tissues were compared with the level of metal in water, Intestine, Kidney and Muscles. Generally, lower concentrations of metals were recorded in water than in fish tissues; lower concentration in the tissue of O niloticus except were found in the water which is less than the recommendation for human consumption by World Health Organisation. Lead was found to be the dominant in the intestine of Oreochromis niloticus while Chromium was recorded the least of all the metals. There is a significant difference (P<0.05) in heavy metal concentration in the tissue of O niloticus except for Chromium. Though, the heavy metals of interest were present in a measurable quantities, they are still within safe limits for consumption.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe, Cr, Mn, Zn) Contents in Ungulates of Ogun State Agricultural Farm Settlement, Ago - Iwoye, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLADUNJOYE RASHEED YEMI ◽  
Asiru R. A. ◽  
Shokoya D. A.
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Natural Components ◽  
Animal Diet ◽  
Agricultural Farm ◽  
Chronic Contamination

Heavy metals are natural components of the earth's crust which can neither be degraded nor destroyed and were known as trace elements as they occur in minute concentrations in biological systems.  This study was aimed to investigate the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the commonly consumed duikers in an agricultural farm settlement. Commercially available four duikers (Cephalophus spp.) were collected for four weeks and four organs (skin, lungs, kidney and liver) from each sample were used. All the organs sampled were subjected to 7 heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr and Cd) tests using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (VGB 210 System) following standard procedure. All data were subjected to statistical analysis to find out the significant difference of heavy metal in each organ of and their accumulation effects. Heavy metals concentration in Cephalophus spp was in descending order of Cd (0.29±0.02 - 0.92±0.01) < Pb (0.52±0.03-1.08±0.06) < Cr (0.78±0.05-2.47±0.19) < Cu (5.05±0.30-13.35±0.54) < Mn (7.30±0.49-14.20±1.06) < Zn (75.52±3.04-125.28±10.57) < Fe (381.52±14.25-761.40±5.76). They accumulated the metals in ascending order Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cd > Cr > Pb for skin, Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Cd > Pb for liver, Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Cd for lung and Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Cr > Pb > Cd for kidney. Variability of heavy metals in Cephalophus species may not be due to the differences in the animal diet and habitat, but, the level of acute or chronic contamination of their diet and habitat.

Cultivation and Harvesting of Selenium-Enriched Ganoderma lingzhi and Spent Medium Using Kudzu Vine as Substrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Zeng Xianlu ◽  
Han Fei ◽  
Zhong Yanmei
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Growth Substrate ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ganoderma Lingzhi ◽  
Run Speed

In order to harvest selenium-enriched fruiting body and spores of Ganoderma lingzhi and spent medium, G. lingzhi was cultivated in kudzu vine as substrate and the bio-transformation of selenite was evaluated. The growth medium consisted of Kudzu vine supplemented with 20% wheat bran or sawdust or none. The growth medium was supplemented with 0, 10, 20, 30, and 50 mg/kg of sodium selenite. We found a significant difference in spawn run speed, fruiting body and spore yields when Kudzu vine was supplemented with wheat bran or sawdust. However, when whole-kudzu vine was used alone as substrate, it resulted in a significantly lower spawn run speed, fruiting body, and spore yields compared with kudzu vine + sawdust substrate and kudzu vine + wheat bran substrate. The selenium content in fruiting body and spores increased with increasing sodium selenite supplementation and approximately equaled half of the selenium in the substrate. No selenite was detected in both the fruiting body and spores. However, in the spent medium when sodium selenite was supplemented at 10, 20, 30, 50 mg/kg, the residual selenite concentration decreased to 0.45, 0.72, 1.29, and 1.95 mg/kg, respectively, suggesting a higher selenite transformation (92.27–93.57%). In conclusion, if Ganoderma fruiting body and spores were to be harvested for human consumption, approximately 50 mg/kg selenite should be added to the growth substrate. On the other hand, if the spent medium was to be used as an organic selenium source, the optimal sodium selenite supplementation level would be 10 mg/kg.

scholarly journals The Effect of Granular Activated Carbon and Biochar on the Availability of Cu and Zn to Hordeum sativum Distichum in Contaminated Soil

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Marina Burachevskaya ◽  
Saglara Mandzhieva ◽  
Tatiana Bauer ◽  
Tatiana Minkina ◽  
Vishnu Rajput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Sorption ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Cu And Zn

The presence of heavy metals in the soil could impose serious problems on soil-plant systems due to the accumulation of heavy metals in plants. Even vital elements such as Cu and Zn have a toxic effect in the case of excessive intake by living organisms. The present work aimed to investigate the content of loosely bound (exchangeable, complexed, and specifically sorbed) compounds of Cu and Zn and their availability to spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum) in contaminated Haplic Chernozem soil under the conditions of a model experiment (five approximate permissible concentrations (APC) and 10 APC of metal). Changes in the bioavailability of the metals upon application of carbon sorbents were observed. An increase in loosely bound metal compounds has been shown under conditions of soil contamination with metals (up to 57% of the total content). The increase in the availability of Cu in the soil was mainly due to the formation of complexed metal forms with organic matter (up to 17%). The availability of Zn was found to be associated with an increase in exchangeable (up to 21%) and specifically sorbed compounds (up to 27%). Granular activated carbon (GAC) and biochar have high sorption properties. A decrease in the content of loosely bound compounds of metals was established, especially in the most mobile forms such as exchangeable and complexed forms. The introduction of sorbents into the soil opened up a new venue for binding heavy metals in situ, eventually leading to a decrease in their bioavailability. The inactivation of Cu and Zn in the soil upon the application of sorbents led to a decrease in metal absorption by spring barley. The highest efficiency of biochar application was established at a dose of 2.5% and 5% in soil contaminations of 5 APC and 10 APC of Cu or Zn. The efficiency of the use of sorbents was more influenced by the dose of application than by the type of sorbent. There was no significant difference between biochar and GAC. Stabilization and inactivation of metals may improve soil fertility and plant growth.

scholarly journals Heavy metal levels in cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) foraging in some abattoirs in Lagos State metropolis

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elijah Abakpa Adegbe ◽  
Oluwaseyi Oluwabukola Babajide ◽  
Lois Riyo Maina ◽  
Shola Elijah Adeniji
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Bubulcus Ibis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Heavy metal accumulation in the ecosystem constitutes a potential toxic effect which is hazardous to human health. Increasing environmental pollution has necessitated the use of cattle egrets to evaluate the levels of heavy metal contamination, to establish their use in biomonitoring of heavy metals and to provide data for monitoring pollution in the environment. Results The present study assessed the utilization of Bubulcus ibis in monitoring pollution in five abattoirs, namely Agege, Bariga, Kara, Itire and Idi-Araba, all situated in Lagos State. The concentration of five (5) heavy metals, cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) was determined in the liver, muscle and feather of Bubulcus ibis using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The trend of metal accumulation was in the order: Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > Ni for all the sampled tissues. The mean tissue concentrations of the metals were significantly different (p < 0.05) among the sites. The highest levels of metal concentration were reported in the liver in all the locations. Mean concentration of Cd in Kara (0.003 ± 0.00058) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those found at Agege (0.0013 ± 0.00058) and Idi-Araba (0.001 ± 0.001). A significant difference (p < 0.05) was also observed between the mean concentrations of Cu in Bariga (0.01 ± 0.001) and Idi-Araba (0.003 ± 0.001). Conclusion All the studied heavy metals were present in the liver, muscle and feathers of the cattle egrets. The contamination levels were ascertained from the study which indicated that cattle egrets are useful in biomonitoring studies and the generated data will serve as baseline data which could be compared with data from other locations for monitoring heavy metal pollution.

Evaluation of heavy metals content in the canned/packed fruit juices from local and imported origin in Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazeefa Fatima ◽  
Munazza Khan ◽  
Muhammad Shuaib Kabeer
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Digestion Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

This study was conducted to determine the mean concentration of heavy metals such as lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) in canned/packed fruits juices, collected from various stores in Lahore in a period of three months. These juices were categorized into four groups; local packed and canned and also imported packed and canned products. Every group consisted of ten samples. By using the di-acid digestion method, the collected samples were digested and analyzed under Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results indicated that the mean values of 7 out of 9 tested heavy metals including Pb, Mg, Ni, Fe, Cr, Se and Mn were above permissible limits (set by WHO) in all four understudy groups. Therefore, it was concluded that commercially available fruit juices are not all safe according to their heavy metals content for the human consumption despite their nutritive values.

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND SOME HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATION ANALYSES ON THREE COMMON SPECIES OF FISH IN TUNGAN KAWO RESERVOIR KONTAGORA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jr. Kinta ◽  
A. V. Ayanwale ◽  
U. N. Keke ◽  
Y. I. Auta ◽  
B. S. Adama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Fish Samples

Developing countries like Nigeria are faced with increased in generation of domestic, industrial and agricultural wastes, with a large percentage moving. This study evaluates the physico-chemical and some heavy metals concentration in three common species of fish from Tungan Kawo reservoir Kontagora, Nigeria; using standard methods between (July 2018 – February 2019); at four different sampling stations of human activities on the water. Five heavy metals were evaluated (Lead, Copper, Manganese, Iron and Chromium) in the fish samples. Phosphate (0.4 – 2.5) mg/L, Nitrate (3.2 – 7.5) mg/L, Temperature (27 – 32.4) 0C, Dissolved Oxygen (2.4 – 5.2 mg/L), Conductivity (81 – 125 µS/cm), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (1.9 – 4.4 mg/L), Alkalinity (mg/L) and Total Dissolved Solids (117 – 198) ppm were within the standard for drinking water and survival of fish.  However, the pH (6.3 – 9.8) was above the standard for NIS and WHO drinking water but can support aquatic life. Iron (0.64 ± 0.072 mg/kg) was the most highly concentrated in Synodontis clarias while lead (0.01 ± 0.013 mg/kg) was the lowest in Oreochromis niloticus and Coptidon zillii (formerly Tilapia zillii. This current finding indicates that the water is safe for both aquatic life and domestic purpose but not suitable for direct human consumption without being properly treated. However, there is the need for regular monitoring of the heavy metals load in this water body and the aquatic organisms because of the long term effects

Effect of co-existing copper and calcium on the removal of As(V) by reused aluminum oxides

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
J. K. Yang ◽  
Y. J. Park ◽  
K. H. Kim ◽  
H. Y. Lee ◽  
K. C. Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Binary System ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Aluminum Oxides ◽  
Molar Ratios

Among the various heavy metals, arsenic is frequently found in abandoned mine drainage and the environmental fate of arsenic in real aqueous solutions can be highly dependent on the presence of co-existing ions. In this study, removal of arsenate through adsorption on the reused aluminum oxide or through precipitation was investigated in a single and in a binary system as a function of pH and concentration. Different removal behaviors of arsenate were observed in the presence of different cations as well as a variation of the molar ratios of arsenate to cations. Co-operative effects on arsenate removal by precipitation in solution occurred with an increase of copper concentration, while a decrease of arsenate removal resulted in increasing calcium concentration. It was observed that the arsenate removal in the presence of calcium would be highly dependent on the molar ratios of both elements.

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