scholarly journals Effect of Woven Jute Agro Textile Mulch on Soil Health and Productivity of Banana (Musa domestica L.) in New Alluvial Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anwesha Sarkar ◽  
P. K. Tarafdar ◽  
S. K. De
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Use Efficiency

To evaluate the effects of jute agro textile mulches on yield and yield attributes, water use efficiency of banana as well as physicochemical and biological properties of soil under banana production. The study was conducted in the experimental farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India for two consecutive years from March to February of 2017-2018 and 2018 - 2019. The experiment was carried out using a randomized block design with four treatments and five replicates taken Banana (variety Singapuri) as a test crop. The treatments (T), composed of different strength of jute agro textile (JAT) used as mulching material. All the data regarding yield, yield attributes, crop water use efficiency and soil properties were recorded accordingly. The response of yield over control was 32.52 t/ha, 38.61 t/ha, 43.05 t/ha in treatments T2- 500 GSM, T3 - 800 GSM and T4 - 1000 GSM respectively where GSM is gram per square meter. Though the best results were obtained in T4- 1000 GSM, in terms of cost-benefit ratio T3- 800 GSM proved more beneficial than the other treatments. The average water use efficiency of the crop increased significantly by 96.9% (on an average) over control for using the jute agro textile mulch. Among all the treatments, T3 exhibited the most promising effect on improving yield and other attributes along with maintaining sustainability because it provided the most favourable soil condition compared to other mulches for banana.

scholarly journals Assessing the Water and Thermal Use Efficiencies of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) Grown under Different Strength of Jute Agro Textile Mulch in India

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Anwesha Sarkar ◽  
Argha Ghosh ◽  
P. K. Tarafdar ◽  
S. K. De
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Thermal Indices ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency

Aims: To evaluate the effects of jute agrotextile mulches on yield and yield attributes, dry matter accumulation, water use efficiency as well as accumulated agrometeorological indices and thermal utilization of groundnut. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the experimental farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India during kharif season of 2017 and 2018. Methodology: The experiment was carried in randomized block design with five treatments each of which was replicated four times Groundnut (variety J L-24) as a test crop. The treatments (T), composing different strength of jute agro textile (JAT) used as mulching material were as follows: T1: 1000 GSM JAT, T2: 800 GSM, T3: 600 GSM, T4: 400 GSM JAT and T5: farmer's practice (control) where GSM is gram per square meter. All the data regarding the yield, yield attributes, water use efficiency and thermal utilization of the crop were recorded accordingly. Results: Response of pod yield over control were 24.26 q/ha, 26.44 q/ha, 20.98 q/ha and 18.25q/ha in T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 respectively. Though all the treatments showed increment over control, the highest result was found in T2 and a further increase in strength of JAT showed a decrement in all aspects. The water use efficiency, at an average, increased by 69.12% due to the various treatments over control. Heat unit and thermal units use efficiencies were also highest in treatment T2 which showed the most accurate utilization of thermal indices. Conclusion: Therefore, among all the treatments T2 exhibited the most promising effect on improving yield and other attributes along with maintaining sustainability as it might have provided the most favourable soil condition compared to other mulches for groundnut.

scholarly journals Yield, water use efficiency, and yield response factor in carrot crop under different irrigation depths

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1145-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho ◽  
Dionizio Honório de Oliveira Neto ◽  
Luiz Fernando Felix ◽  
José Guilherme Marinho Guerra ◽  
Conan Ayade Salvador
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yield Response Factor

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation depths on the yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and yield response factor (Ky) of carrot (cv. 'Brasília') in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Baixada Fluminense, RJ, Brazil. Field trials were conducted in a Red-Yellow Argisol in the 2010-2011period. A randomized block design was used, with 5 treatments (depths) and 4 replicates. Depths were applied by drippers with different flow rates, and the irrigation was managed by time domain reflectometry (TDR) technique. The reference (ETo) and crop (ETc) evapotranspiration depths reached 286.3 and 264.1mm in 2010, and 336.0 and 329.9mm in 2011, respectively. The root yield varied from 30.4 to 68.9t ha-1 as a response to treatments without irrigation and 100% replacement of the soil water depth, respectively. Values for WUE in the carrot crop varied from 15 to 31kg m-3 and the mean Ky value was 0.82. The mean values for Kc were obtained in the initial (0.76), intermediate (1.02), and final (0.96) stages. Carrot crop was influenced by different water depths (treatments) applied, and the highest value for WUE was obtained for 63.4% of soil water replacement.

scholarly journals EFEITO DE DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO NAS VARIÁVEIS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUÇÃO DO CAFEEIRO IRRIGADO POR PIVÔ CENTRAL

Irriga ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rossi Vicente ◽  
Everardo Chartuni Mantovani ◽  
ANDRÉ LUÍS TEIXEIRA FERNANDES ◽  
FÁBIO TEIXEIRA DELAZARI ◽  
EDMILSON MARQUES FIGUEREDO
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Center Pivot ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Level Of Significance

EFEITO DE DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO NAS VARIÁVEIS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUÇÃO DO CAFEEIRO IRRIGADO POR PIVÔ CENTRAL  MARCELO ROSSI VICENTE1; EVERARDO CHARTUNI MANTOVANI2; ANDRÉ LUÍS TEIXEIRA FERNANDES3; FÁBIO TEIXEIRA DELAZARI4 E EDMILSON MARQUES FIGUEREDO5 1 Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Salinas, MG, [email protected] Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, [email protected] Universidade de Uberaba, Uberaba, MG, Fábio Teixeira Delazari, [email protected] Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, [email protected] Bahia Farm Show, Luís Eduardo Magalhães, BA, [email protected]  1      RESUMO O presente trabalho foi conduzido com objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes lâminas de irrigação nas variáveis de produção, estádios maturação de frutos e eficiência no uso da água pela cultura do cafeeiro irrigado por pivô central equipado com emissores LEPA, na região Oeste da Bahia. Realizou-se o trabalho na fazenda Café do Rio Branco, localizada em Barreiras - BA em cafeeiros adultos da variedade Catuaí IAC 144. O experimento obedeceu ao delineamento de blocos casualizados, composto de cinco tratamentos correspondentes à 70, 85, 100, 125 e 150% da lâmina de irrigação determinada pelo software Irriplus. As produtividades, os estádios de maturação dos frutos e eficiência no uso da água do cafeeiro foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão, em que os modelos foram escolhidos baseados na significância dos coeficientes de regressão utilizando-se o teste t de 1 a 10% de probabilidade. Diante dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que, a produtividade da cultura do café foi expressivamente dependente da lâmina de água aplicada, sendo que a maior produtividade (60 sc ha-1) foi alcançada com a lâmina de irrigação acumulada de 661 mm ano-1, correspondente à 96% da lâmina de irrigação determinada pelo software Irriplus. A lâmina que proporcionou a máxima porcentagem de frutos cereja (44,1%) foi de 723 mm ano-1 (105%). A lâmina que proporcionou a maior eficiência no uso da água foi de 480 mm ano-1 (70%). Palavras-Chave: Coffea arabica, manejo da irrigação, emissor LEPA, uso eficiente da água.  VICENTE, M. R.; MANTOVANI, E. M.; FERNANDES, A. L. T.; DELAZARI, F. T.; FIGUEREDO, E. M.EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF IRRIGATION DEPTHS   ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTION VARIABLES OF COFFEE UNDER CENTER PIVOT  IRRIGATION     2        ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different irrigation depths on yield, ripening stages and water use efficiency by the   coffee crop irrigated by center pivot with LEPA emitters in western Bahia. The experiment was carried out at the Café Rio Branco farm, in Barreiras city, Bahia state, using  adult coffee trees of cv. Catuaí IAC 144. A completely randomized block design was used with five treatments consisting of 70, 85, 100, 125 and 150 % of ETc, determined by the Irriplus software.  Data of yield, fruit ripening stage and water use efficiency were evaluated   using analyses of variance  and regression. Models were chosen based on level of significance of   regression coefficients using the Student´s t-test, 1 to  10% probability.  Based on the results,  coffee crop yield was highly dependent on  the water depth applied. The highest yield (3.6 ton/ha) was achieved  using accumulated irrigation depth of 661 mm year -1 (96 % of Etc).  Water depths of   723 mm year-1 (105 %) and 480 mm year-1 (70% ETc)  provided the highest percentage of cherry fruit (44.1%) and the highest water use efficiency, respectively. Keywords: Coffea arábica, irrigation management, LEPA emitter, water use efficiency.

Irrigated sugarbeet yield, water use and water use efficiency responses to tillage practices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Jabro ◽  
Bart Stevens ◽  
bill Iversen ◽  
brett Allen ◽  
Upendra Sainju
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Use Efficiency

<p>Better management practices have been used to increase soil water storage and reduce evaporation from the soil surface to optimize crop water use efficiency (WUE) in irrigated agriculture. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of  conventional tillage (CT), No-till (NT) and strip tillage (ST) practices on yield, water use (WU) and WUE of sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) on a clay loam soil under over-head sprinkler irrigation system in the northern Great Plains. Tillage treatments were replicated five times in a randomized block design. Seasonal WU and WUE for sugarbeet root and sucrose yield were determined for the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons according to the water balance and WUE equations under three tillage practices. Results showed that no significant differences due to tillage treatment were found for crop WU, root yield, sucrose yield, and WUE for sugarbeet root and sucrose in 2018 and 2019 growing seasons. In 2019, the average value of WU across three tillage systems (616 mm) was significantly greater relative to 2018 (468 mm) due to atypical large rainfalls (218mm) occurred in September of 2019. Consequently, WUE values for both root and sucrose yield in 2019 under CT, NT, and ST were significantly greater than those in 2018. While NT and ST practices are promising alternative to CT for agricultural production in this region, further research is needed prior to making any recommendation.</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of Consumptive use and Water use Efficiency of Okra (abelmoschus esculentus l. Moench) Using Minilysimeters in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Available Water Capacity ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Coefficients

This study was carried out during the 2015 and 2016 dry cropping seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Southern Guinea Savanna Agroecology of Nigeria. The objectives were to determine the consumptive use and water use efficiency of okra using the Lysimetric technique. This involved the use of twelve (12) locally fabricated minilysimeters housing three (3) irrigation treatments corresponding to 50, 75 and 100% of the soil available water capacity replicated four (4) times and laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The Blaney-Criddle formula which is latitude dependent derives its strength from a 5-year accumulated temperature, data was used to predict the potential evapotranspiration of okra. The crop evapotranspiration is equivalent to the crop water use. Results show that the consumptive use estimated varied from 263.52 – 1,944.90 mm, water use efficiency was from 22.73 – 2.28 kg/ha/mm and crop coefficients of 0.36 – 2.28 corresponding to 50 – 100% (Low to High) soil available water capacity (SAWC) respectively. Okra performed better under low soil available water capacity.

scholarly journals Saline Water Impact on Water Use Efficiency of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L) Using Drip Irrigation

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kamran Baksh Soomro ◽  
M. M. Shaikh ◽  
Sanyogita Andriyas ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Bitter Melon ◽  
Use Efficiency

Water shortage is a real problem in many parts of the world and finding alternative solutions such as the application of saline water in cropping systems is highly appreciated. Research on drip irrigation and soil salinity is still inadequate, and their effect on crop yield and water use efficiency (WUE) is a huge challenge for small farmers. The present study was conducted in Malir, a semiarid region in the Sindh province of Pakistan. The purpose was to estimate the effects of two different qualities of irrigation water including fresh quality water (IT1 0.56 dS m−1) and saline groundwater (IT2 2.89 dS m−1) on WUE using drip irrigation technology in 2018–19. The experimental design was complete randomized block design (RCBD) with two treatments of irrigation: (1) freshwater (IT1) with 0.56 dS m−1 electrical conductivity and (2) saline water (IT2) with 2.89 dS m−1 electrical conductivity. The average biomass and crop yield under IT1 were 10.2 t.ha−1 and 7.4 t.ha−1, respectively, and were found higher than those under IT2 (7.3 t−1 and 4.2 t.ha−1, respectively). Hence, both the treatments remained equally effective in season 1 as compared to season 2 ( p ≤ 0.05 ). The WUE of bitter melon under IT1 was 1.60 and 1.56 kg.m−3 in seasons 1 and 2, respectively, and was higher than those under IT2 which were observed 1.21 and 1.07 kg.m−3 in seasons 1 and 2, respectively.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION DEPTH ADJUSTMENT METHODS ON MAIZE YIELD COMPONENTS, GRAIN YIELD AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-466
Author(s):  
Leonardo Chechi ◽  
Luan Junior Kuhn ◽  
Vanderléia Fortuna ◽  
Patricia Mara De Almeida ◽  
Maurício Albertoni Scariot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Moisture Equivalent ◽  
Use Efficiency

As the water stress is one of the main causes for the low maize yield in Brazil, this study aimed to evaluate the yield components, grain yield and the water use efficiency of maize crop submitted to different methods of irrigation depth adjustment and validate the “Lâmina” spreadsheet to recommend irrigation depth in this crop. The treatments applied were: non-use of irrigation (control); irrigation depth adjustment provided by” Lâmina” spreadsheet (Lâmina); soil moisture equivalent to actual capacity of water in the soil at 55% of the total soil water capacity (55% RWC); and soil moisture equivalent to 100% of the field capacity (100% FC). The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications, each experimental unit consists of a plot 3 meters wide and 3 meters long. The variables analyzed were total water applied, dry matter, ears per plant, kernel rows per ear, kernels per row, kernels per ear, one thousand kernels weight, grain yield and water use efficiency. Grain yields were similar between irrigated treatments, showing significant differences compared to the control. The Lâmina and 55% RWC showed the best results for water use efficiency and yield components. The Lâmina treatment used the least amount of water, with high yields, contributing to the rational water use in irrigated agricultural systems.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF BRS TUMUCUMAQUE COWPEA UNDER DIFFERENT PLANT DENSITIES AND WATER REGIMES1

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-216
Author(s):  
JOSIMAR SOARES DA SILVA JÚNIOR ◽  
EDSON ALVES BASTOS ◽  
MILTON JOSÉ CARDOSO ◽  
ADERSON SOARES DE ANDRADE JUNIOR ◽  
VALDENIR QUEIROZ RIBEIRO
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
The North ◽  
Yield Production ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT Cowpea is a legume of great socioeconomic importance for the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. However, studies to evaluate its production performance when cultivated under irrigated regime and under different plant densities are necessary. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different water regimes and different plant densities on grain yield, production components and water use efficiency, and on the correlation between grain yield and production components of BRS Tumucumaque cowpea cultivar. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Meio-Norte experimental area, in Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil, from June to September 2017, in an Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo eutrófico (Ultisol). A randomized complete block design was used, in a split-plot scheme with four replicates, in which the water regimes occupied the plots (187.7; 233.5; 263.5 and 288.7 mm) and plant densities, the subplots (12; 16; 20 and 24 plants m-2). The number of pods per plant, number of pods per square meter, pod length, dry grain yield and water use efficiency were evaluated. The maximum dry grain yield reached was 1,694.46 kg ha-1, with application of 288.7 mm and density of 20.4 plants m-2. The production component number of pods per square meter was the most correlated with dry grain yield.

scholarly journals Biochar de Lodo de Esgoto Aumenta a Produção e Eficiência no Uso de Água da Alface

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1720
Author(s):  
José Romualdo De Sousa Lima ◽  
Maysa Bezerra de Araújo ◽  
Cássio Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
Cleyton Tenório Barros ◽  
Alyson Da Silva Amorim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Pathogenic Agents

O lodo de esgoto (LE) é um resíduo sólido, oriundo de Estações de Tratamentos de Esgoto (ETE), rico em matéria orgânica, sendo capaz de melhorar as propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas do solo. Contudo, o LE pode apresentar em sua composição elementos tóxicos e agentes patogênicos que trazem malefícios para saúde humana e para o meio ambiente. A transformação do LE, por meio do processo de pirólise, em biochar pode ser uma boa alternativa tanto do ponto de vista agrícola, quanto do ambiental. Desse modo, o presente trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de biochar de lodo de esgoto (BLE) na eficiência do uso da água (EUA), na evapotranspiração e na produção da cultura da alface. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, utilizando-se quatro tratamentos, consistindo de controle (sem biochar), BLE10 (10 t ha-1 de BLE), BLE20 (20 t ha-1 de BLE), BLE30 (30 t ha-1 de BLE), com três repetições. Foram avaliadas a biomassa, a evapotranspiração (ET) e a eficiência no uso de água (EUA) da alface. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas na ET da alface com a adição de BLE ao solo. Contudo, verificou-se que houve um aumento crescente da produção da alface e da EUA com o aumento das doses de BLE. Assim, o BLE mostrou-se uma interessante alternativa para uma destinação adequada do lodo de esgoto gerado nas ETE.  Sewage Sludge Biochar Increases Yield and Water Use Efficiency in Lettuce A B S T R A C TSewage sludge (SS) is a solid residue, originating from Sewage Treatment Plants (STP), rich in organic matter, being able to improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. However, SS can present in its composition toxic elements and pathogenic agents that bring harm to human health and the environment. The transformation of SS, through the pyrolysis process, into biochar can be a good alternative both from an agricultural and environmental point of view. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of sewage sludge biochar (SSB) on the water use efficiency (WUE) on evapotranspiration (ET) and on the yield of lettuce. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, using four treatments, consisting of control (without SSB), SSB10 (10 t ha-1 of SSB), SSB20 (20 t ha-1 of SSB), SSB30 (30 t ha-1 SSB), with three repetitions. Fresh biomass, evapotranspiration (ET) and water use efficiency (WUE) of lettuce were evaluated. No significant differences were observed in the lettuce ET with the addition of SSB to the soil. However, it was found that there was an increase in the yield of lettuce and the WUE with increasing doses of SSB. Thus, the SSB proved to be an interesting alternative for an adequate destination of the sewage sludge generated in the STPs.Key words: Waste; evapotranspiration; carbon.

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