scholarly journals Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Spirulina platensis on Reproductive Characteristic and Biochemical Profile in Female Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) Exposed to Lead Acetate

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Deutcheu Nienga Sorelle ◽  
Ngoula Ferdinand ◽  
Tchoffo Herve ◽  
Mabou Nguemo Jeasmine Laura ◽  
Vemo Bertin Narcisse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Reproductive Characteristic ◽  
Reproductive Characteristics

The effect of ethanolic extract of Spirulina platensis (EESP) on reproductive function of female guinea pigs exposed to oxidative stress induced by lead acetate was explored. 60 mature female guinea pigs were used. They were divided into 6 groups of 10 guinea pigs each. For 3 months, pigs in Groups 1 were orally given distilled water daily; Group 2 were treated with lead; Group 3: received lead acetate and Vitamin C while Groups 4,5 and 6 were given lead acetate with 50, 100 and 200 mg of EESP/kg.bw respectively by gavage. At the end of trial (90 days), 6 female pigs per group were sacrificed and some reproductive characteristics, oxidative stress and hepatic toxicity markers were evaluated. Results revealed that, exposure to Lead acetate induced a significant decrease (p < 0.05) of fertility index, reproductive organs and hormone concentrations. It equally led to a significant (p < 0.05) decline of serum content in superoxide dismutase, catalase and total peroxidase activities. The reverse effect was noted in malondialdehyde concentration, hepatic and renal toxicity biomarkers. Histological examination of the ovaries of lead treated females revealed lesions and severe degenerative changes in the structures of the ovaries. However, the administration of ethanolic extract of Spirulina platensis to treated females alleviated the toxicity of reproductive function and oxidative damage induced by lead acetate. In conclusion, the exposure of animals to lead acetate had negative effects on guinea pig reproductive characteristics. The co-exposition to lead acetate and ethanolic extract of Spirulina platensis however, reestablishes normal reproductive characteristic values.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Reproductive Damage Induced by Lead Acetate in Female Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus): Curative Effects of Hydroethanolic Extract of Spirulina platensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Deutcheu Nienga Sorelle ◽  
Ngoula Ferdinand ◽  
Manfo Tsague Faustin Pascal ◽  
Ngouateu Kenfack Omer Bebe ◽  
Mabou Nguemo Jasmine Laura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

scholarly journals Reproductive Characteristics, Serum Metabolites, and Oxidative Status in Female Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) Fed with Ethanolic Extract of Dichrostachys glomerata Fruit

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Nadège Motchewo Djuissi ◽  
Ferdinand Ngoula ◽  
Justin Kouamo ◽  
Narcisse Bertin Vemo ◽  
Mathieu Fambo Stive Nono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Serum Metabolites ◽  
Reproductive Characteristics

Dichrostachys glomerata (D. glomerata) is an aromatic plant which is used as a spice in cooking and Cameroonian traditional medicine to treat infertility in men. This work was designed to highlight the effects of the ethanolic extract of D. glomerata on oxidative status, serum metabolites and reproductive characteristics in female guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). A total of 48 primiparous female guinea pigs, aged 4 months old with the body weight of 400 ± 10 g, were divided into four groups with two replications per group (6 guinea pigs each). During 90 days of trial, Group 1 (control group) orally received 1 ml/kg b.w. of distilled water daily, and groups 2, 3, and 4 received D. glomerata ethanolic extract once a day at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w. using the same method of administration, respectively, for 90 days, including 60 days of gestation. After the first 30 days of treatment, mating was done by placing one non-treated male into cages containing six treated females. At the end of the treatment, data were collected on reproductive characteristics, serum metabolites, and oxidative stress markers. The results revealed that the ethanolic extract of D. glomerata induced a significant decrease in the number of post-implantation resorption and ovaries weight. Groups 3 and 4 showed a significant increase in the number of fetuses per dam and viable fetuses as well as placenta weight, compared to the control group. The serum level of progesterone significantly decreased in the group treated with 200 mg/kg D. Glomerata, compared to the other treated groups. The extract at 100 mg/kg body weight showed a significant increase in fetuses weight and fetuses crown-rump length, compared to the control group. Catalase activity significantly increased in the control group than D. glomerata treated groups. In conclusion, ethanolic extract of D. glomerata minimized reproductive stress and subsequently improved the reproductive performance of guinea pigs.

scholarly journals Cichorium intybus L. extract ameliorates testicular oxidative stress induced by lead acetate in male rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Mehran Dorostghoal ◽  
Seyyed Mansour Seyyednejad ◽  
Marzieh Noroozi Tabrizi Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testis Weight

Objective: Oxidative stress has been suggested as a possible mechanism for the adverse effects of heavy metal toxicity on male reproduction. Cichorium intybus L. is used in Iranian folk medicine as a hepatoprotective agent as well as for its supposed fertility-enhancing properties. The present study was performed to investigate whether the ethanolic extract of C. intybus leaves could protect male rats against lead-induced testicular oxidative stress.Methods: In this experimental study, adult Wistar rats were treated with 0.1% lead acetate in drinking water alone or with 50, 100, or 200 mg/ kg body weight of C. intybus extract via gavage once daily for 70 days. The weight of their reproductive organs, levels of serum hormones, histometric parameters of the seminiferous tubules, epidydimal sperm quality, and oxidative stress status were evaluated.Results: The testis weight, seminiferous tubule diameter, epididymal sperm count, serum testosterone level, and testicular levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly reduced (p<0.05) in the lead-treated rats. Moreover, significantly (p<0.05) higher levels of malondialdehyde were observed in the lead-exposed group compared to the control. However, the co-administration of C. intybus ethanolic extract in lead-treated rats was associated with a significant improvement in reproductive parameters.Conclusion: We conclude that C. intybus leaf extract has the potential to prevent lead-induced testicular toxicity and to suppress the adverse effects of lead on male reproductive health.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Polygonum limbatum meism Against Reproductive Toxicity Induced by Cadmium in Male Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brice Menkem ◽  
Bertin Narcisse Vemo ◽  
Megnimeza Martine Astride Tsambou ◽  
Tadiesse Lavoisier Fonou ◽  
Nguedia Arius Baulland Dongmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects

This study aimed at evaluating the therapeutic effects of ethanolic extract of Polygonum limbatum meism (EEPLM) on the reproductive parameters of male Guinea pigs exposed to cadmium chloride. Thirty-six male guinea pigs were randomly assigned to six treatment groups (with six animals per group). Group 1 (DW) received distilled water orally; group 2 (Cd), negative control, was treated with cadmium chloride at a dose of 26.25 mg/kg body weight (bw); while group 3 (VitC), positive control, was given 26.25 mg of cadmium chloride/kg bw and 100 mg of vitamin C, and groups 4, 5, and 6 were treated, respectively, with EEPLM at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw in addition to cadmium chloride (26.25 mg/kg bw). After 90 days, all animals were sacrificed, and data related to reproduction, toxicity, and oxidative stress were collected. Results revealed a significant decrease (p &lt; 0.05) of serum levels of creatinine, urea, alanine, and aspartate amino transferases in guinea pigs treated with cadmium chloride and EEPLM compared to the negative control group (Cd). The weight of the bulbo-urethral gland was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) decreased in animals exposed to cadmium chloride and treated with vitamin C or EEPLM compared to the negative control (Cd). Guinea pigs orally receiving cadmium chloride and EEPLM showed significantly (p &lt; 0.05) increased motility, sperm count, spermatozoa with entire plasma membrane, and percentage of normal spermatozoa with reference to the negative control (Cd). The serum level of testosterone increased insignificantly (p &gt; 0.05) in animals given cadmium and EEPLM compared to the negative control (Cd). Animals co-administered cadmium chloride and EEPLM recorded a significantly (p &lt; 0.05) reduced level of MDA, activities of SOD, and total peroxidases compared to the group that received cadmium chloride (Cd) only. In conclusion, cadmium chloride induced reproductive impairments by generating oxidative stress. However, the administration of EEPLM can mitigate these adverse effects due to its antioxidant properties.

THE EFFECT OF SURGICAL ISOLATION OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS UPON REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION IN THE FEMALE GUINEA-PIG

1971 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN E. M. BUTLER ◽  
B. T. DONOVAN
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Suprachiasmatic Nuclei ◽  
Anterior Border ◽  
Luteal Function ◽  
The Brain

SUMMARY Under stereotaxic guidance, the connexions between the hypothalamus and the rest of the brain were severed surgically in mature female guinea-pigs, and reproductive function was assessed by following the vaginal cycle and by histological study of the ovaries. Animals in which the hypothalamic island incorporated the suprachiasmatic nuclei, or in which the anterior connexions to the hypothalamus were severed by a cut placed just anterior to the suprachiasmatic nuclei, developed persistent vaginal oestrus. Such an anterior cut in the hypothalamus did not influence luteal function in hysterectomized animals. When the anterior border of a hypothalamic island, or an anterior cut through the hypothalamus, was caudal to the suprachiasmatic nuclei, oestrous cycles continued although they were slightly irregular. The ovaries contained corpora lutea. Severance of the posterior connexions to the hypothalamus did not alter the oestrous cycle. The role of the suprachiasmatic area in the generation of persistent vaginal oestrus is discussed.

Glycogen in guinea pig neutrophils: Ultrastructural study of neutrophils at the intradermal site of BCG injection

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 726-727
Author(s):  
Corazon D. Bucana
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies

In the circulating blood of man and guinea pigs, glycogen occurs primarily in polymorphonuclear neutrophils and platelets. The amount of glycogen in neutrophils increases with time after the cells leave the bone marrow, and the distribution of glycogen in neutrophils changes from an apparently random distribution to large clumps when these cells move out of the circulation to the site of inflammation in the peritoneal cavity. The objective of this study was to further investigate changes in glycogen content and distribution in neutrophils. I chose an intradermal site because it allows study of neutrophils at various stages of extravasation.Initially, osmium ferrocyanide and osmium ferricyanide were used to fix glycogen in the neutrophils for ultrastructural studies. My findings confirmed previous reports that showed that glycogen is well preserved by both these fixatives and that osmium ferricyanide protects glycogen from solubilization by uranyl acetate.I found that osmium ferrocyanide similarly protected glycogen. My studies showed, however, that the electron density of mitochondria and other cytoplasmic organelles was lower in samples fixed with osmium ferrocyanide than in samples fixed with osmium ferricyanide.

Inhibition of Human and Animal Platelet Adhesiveness to Glass Bead Columns by Adenosine, Dipyridamole, Chlorpromazine and Acetylsalicylic Acid

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buichi Fujttani ◽  
Toshimichi Tsuboi ◽  
Kazuko Takeno ◽  
Kouichi Yoshida ◽  
Masanao Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rabbit Platelet ◽  
Platelet Adhesiveness

SummaryThe differences among human, rabbit and guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness as for inhibitions by adenosine, dipyridamole, chlorpromazine and acetylsalicylic acid are described, and the influence of measurement conditions on platelet adhesiveness is also reported. Platelet adhesiveness of human and animal species decreased with an increase of heparin concentrations and an increase of flow rate of blood passing through a glass bead column. Human and rabbit platelet adhesiveness was inhibited in vitro by adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine, but not by acetylsalicylic acid. On the other hand, guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness was inhibited by the four drugs including acetylsalicylic acid. In in vivo study, adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine inhibited platelet adhesiveness in rabbits and guinea-pigs. Acetylsalicylic acid showed the inhibitory effect in guinea-pigs, but not in rabbits.

INCORPORATION OF IODIDE INTO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE GUINEA PIG THYROID

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ekholm ◽  
T. Zelander ◽  
P.-S. Agrell
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Protein Binding ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Microsomal Fraction ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Particulate Fraction ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

ABSTRACT Guinea pigs, kept on a iodine-sufficient diet, were injected with Na131I and the thyroids excised from 45 seconds to 5 days later. The thyroid tissue was homogenized and separated into a combined nuclear-mitochondrial-microsomal fraction and a supernatant fraction by centrifugation at 140 000 g for one hour. Protein bound 131iodine (PB131I) and free 131iodide were determined in the fractions and the PB131I was analysed for monoiodotyrosine (MIT), diiodotyrosine (DIT) and thyroxine after hydrolysis of PB131I. As early as only 20 minutes after the Na131I-injection almost 100% of the particulate fraction 131I was protein bound. In the supernatant fraction the protein binding was somewhat less rapid and PB131I values above 90% of total supernatant 131I were not found until 3 hours after the injection. In all experiments the total amount of PB131I was higher in the supernatant than in the corresponding particulate fraction. The ratio between supernatant PB131I and pellet PB131I was lower in experiments up to 3 minutes and from 2 to 5 days than in experiments of 6 minutes to 20 hours. Hydrolysis of PB131I yielded, even in the shortest experiments, both MIT and DIT. The DIT/MIT ratio was lower in the experiments up to 2 hours than in those of 3 hours and over.

Effect of Exposure to Mixture of Heavy Metals Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead on Reproductive Function and Oxidative Stress in Female Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Choudhuri D. ◽  
Bhattacharjee T.
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Oestrus Cycle ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Live Fetus

Background : Toxicological consequences arising from exposure to mixtures of heavy metals especially at low, chronic and environmentally relevant doses are poorly recognised. In the present study, we evaluated effects of chronic exposure to combinations of three metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) present frequently in drinking water on reproductive function and oxidative damage caused to reproductive organs of female rats. Method : Female rats were exposed to mixture of metals (As, Cdand Pb) for 90 consecutive days. The gain in body weight and weight of reproductive organs were recorded following autopsy on 91 stday. The oestrus cycle were monitored during entire treatment period. Numbers of corpora lutea, implantation sites, live fetus and survival of the fetus were evaluated in rats mated successfully with untreated male after completion of their respective treatment. Ovarian cholesterol, protein, ascorbic acid and enzyme Δ 5 -3β HSD levels were estimated. Serum levels of steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone were estimated. Histopathological picture of both ovary and uterus were assessed. Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidise (GPX) activity, amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondyaldehyde (MDA) in blood, ovary and uterus were measured as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Results : The treated rats showed reduced body weight gain and reduction in the weight of ovary and uterus. Oestrus cycle was disrupted with continuous diestrous in treated animals. Number of corpora lutea, implantation sites and live fetus and the survival of fetus evaluate were reduced significantly in treated groups. The levels of ovarian cholesterol and ascorbic acid increased in treated rats with decrease Δ5 -3β HSD level. There was reduction in serum level of both the ovarian steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone. The protein levels did not differ between the groups. There was a significant increase in levels of MDA and decrease in levels of all the antioxidant enzymes in treated group. Conclusion : The results revealed there was disruption to reproductive functions with decrease in stereoidogenic activity and associated oxidative stress in female rats treated with combination of mixture of metals (Cd, As and Pb) at low dose for 90 consecutive days.

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