Assessment of Different Oxidative, Endocrinological and Biochemical Parameters using Catharanthus Roseus on Rats

The current study was planned to assess the different oxidative, Endocrinological and biochemical parameters using extract of Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) on diabetic rats. Three groups of Diabetic rats were assigned viz. Group A have Negative Control which was fed basal diet; Group B have Positive Control and was non-supplemented; and Group C supplemented with C. roseus extract. The results showed that blood glucose level, ALT, TGs and urea concentration was elevated non-significantly (P>0.05), of Group C which was supplemented by C. roseus when compared with non-supplemented Group B animals. In Group C which was supplemented by C. roseus, AST, and Cholesterol results were decreased as showed by statistics analysis (non-significantly). When level of Blood cortisol was compared between Group C and B, there was increased in Group C, as per non-significant statistics measurements (P>0.05). It was observed that level of T4 and T3 hormones was decreased in Group C (supplemented by herbal extract) when compared with Group B. When catalase enzyme results were checked in animals comprised of Group A, B and C, it showed that rate of catalase increased, respectively. In conclusion, Catharanthus roseus restore the levels of thyroid hormones, and cholesterol; and elevate catalase enzyme activity in animals which produce stress relieving effect.

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To Study the Deteriorating Effects of Lithium Carbonate on Thyroid Gland - A Study in Albino Rats

10.53350/pjmhs2115123292 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 3292-3293

Author(s):

Tazeen Kohari ◽

Zaffar Iqbal Malik ◽

Aftab Ahmad ◽

Rana M. Asad Khan

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Gland ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Lithium Carbonate ◽

Diet Group ◽

Human Thyroid ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Background: The human thyroid gland is located in the front of neck. It consists of two lobes. The two lobes are joined with each other by isthmus. The mood stabilizer Lithium Caronate has deleterious effects on the thyroid gland. Aim: To observe and report the data of the harmful effect of Lithium on the weight changes of thyroid gland. Methods: Sixteen rats were selected for this experimental study. The rodents were divided into two groups. Group A comprised of eight animals which were given laboratory diet, Group B contained eight albinos who were given Tablet Lithium Carbonate in powder form at a dose of 60 mg/day for four weeks. After completion of the study time animals were sacrificed and thyroid gland weight were recorded and compared in both groups. Results: The results in both groups were recorded and compared .It was reported that Group B animals had a highly significantly decreased thyroid weight after four weeks Lithium ingestion than Group A control group. Conclusion: The results of our study concluded that Lithium Carbonate damages thyroid glandular tissue and causes its weight to decline. Key words: Thyroid gland, Isthmus, deteriorating

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Protective effect of LIF-huMSCs on the retina of diabetic model rats

International Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.18240/ijo.2021.10.06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 1508-1517

Author(s):

Shan-Na Chen ◽

◽

Ying-Xue Ma ◽

Song Chen ◽

Guang-Hui He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Model ◽

Group A ◽

Retinal Structure ◽

Hs Crp ◽

Group B ◽

And Function ◽

Group D ◽

Control Group Group

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) modified by the LIF gene on the retinal function of diabetic model rats and preliminarily explore the possible mechanism. METHODS: A stably transfected cell line of hUCMSCs overexpressing leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was constructed. Overexpression was verified by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Forty-eight adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control group (group A), streptozotocin-induced diabetic control group (group B), diabetic rats at 3mo injected with empty vector-transfected hUCMSCs (group C) or injected with LIF-hUCMSCs (group D). Four weeks after the intravitreal injection, analyses in all groups included retinal function using flash electroretinogram (F-ERG), retinal blood vessel examination of retinal flat mounts perfused with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran), and retinal structure examination of sections using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Expression levels of adiponectin (APN), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) in each group was detected using immunohistochemistry, PCR, Western blotting, and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: A stable transgenic cell line of LIF-hUCMSCs was constructed. F-ERG and FITC-dextran examinations revealed no abnormalities of retinal structure and function in group A, severe damage of the retinal blood vessels and function in group B, and improved retinal structure and function in group C and especially group D. qPCR, ELISA, and Western blot analyses revealed progressively higher APN and NT-4 expression levels in groups B, C, and D than in group A. hs-CRP expression was significantly higher in group B than in groups A, C, and D, and was significantly higher in group C than in group D (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: LIF-hUCMSCs protect the retina of diabetic rats by upregulating APN and NT-4 expression and downregulating hs-CRP expression in the retina.

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Treatment of Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour using Different Surgico-chemotherapeutic Protocols

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-4310 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nutan Punchkande ◽

Rukmani Dewangan ◽

Raju Sharda ◽

D. Jolhe ◽

Dhaleshwari Sahu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Treatment Protocols ◽

Post Surgery ◽

Vincristine Sulphate ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour ◽

Transmissible Venereal Tumour

Background: Canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) also known as infectious sarcoma, venereal granuloma, transmissible lymphosarcoma or sticker tumour is usually transmitted through coitus and mainly affects the external genitalia of young sexually matured dogs. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy are considered as effective treatment protocols. Therefore, depending upon the availability present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of different surgico-chemotherapeutic protocols for treatment of canine transmissible venereal tumour.Methods: The study was conducted during January 2018 to July 2018 at the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (TVCC) and Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.) on 18 canines of various breed, irrespective of age, sex and divided into three groups consisting 6 animals in each group. Group A was treated with surgical excision of tumour only where as Group B and Group C were treated with surgical excision of tumour followed by administration of Doxorubicin (30mg/m2) BSA and Vincristine sulphate (0.025 mg/kg) intravenously alongwith DNS at 7th and 14th post-operative days respectively. Different physiological and haemato-biochemical parameters (Hb, PCV, TLC, TPC, DLC, serum glucose, TSP, SUN, SC, ALT, AST and ALP) were recorded preoperatively, postoperatively and after chemotherapy at 10th, 30th and 60th days intervals.Result: The present investigation showed transient changes in physiological and haemato-biochemical parameters before, post surgery and post chemotherapeutic management and was within normal range. Histopathological examination revealed confluent sheet of tumour cells arranged in large round oval or polyhedral shaped distributed in tight clusters or cords. Group A showed mild to moderated reoccurrence while Group B showed minimum reoccurrence. Group C showed no reoccurrence. Thus, surgery combined with vincristine therapy is most effective for treating dogs suffering with transmissible venereal tumour.

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Revascularization and Function of Pancreatic Islet Isografts in Diabetic Rats following Transplantation

Cell Transplantation ◽

10.3727/000000003108746993 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 537-544 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Hajime Furuya ◽

Toshihisa Kimura ◽

Makoto Murakami ◽

Kanji Katayama ◽

Kazuo Hirose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Islet ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Isolated Islets ◽

Diabetic Rat ◽

Pancreatic Islet Transplantation ◽

Intravenous Glucose ◽

Lewis Rats ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

And Function

In pancreatic islet transplantation, revascularization is crucial for the graft's survival and function. In this study, the endothelium of isolated islets and revascularization and function of islet isografts in diabetic rat were investigated. Islets were isolated from Lewis rats by collagenase digestion method and were examined using immunohistochemistry (CD31 stain) on days 0, 1, 3, and 7 after isolation. The number of CD31-positive cells in these isolated islets was counted (mean ± SD%). Isografts (freshly isolated islets: group A, and islets cultured for 7 days: group B) transplanted in the renal subcapsule of streptozotocin-induced diabetic Lewis rats were examined using immunohistochemistry (CD31 stain) on days 3, 5, and 7 after transplantation. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT) were performed on days 3 and 7 after transplantation. The number of CD31-positive cells in the isolated islets on days 0, 1, 3, and 7 after isolation were: 17.3 ± 4.1%, 8.2 ± 0.7%, 2.1 ± 0.8%, and 0.8 ± 0.5%, respectively (p < 0.05). On day 5 after transplantation, CD31-positive cells were not detected in group A and B grafts, but were detected in both groups in periphery of the islets. On day 7, CD31-positive microvessels were present throughout the entire graft. IVGTT values in groups A and B on days 3 and 7 after transplantation did not show significant differences. In renal subcapsular isografts in diabetic rats, revascularization into islet grafts occurs from the surrounding host tissue 5 days after transplantation, but has no influence on the response to glucose during this period.

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Diphenyl diselenide and sodium selenite associated with chemotherapy in experimental toxoplasmosis: influence on oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers and cytokine modulation

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182014001073 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 141 (13) ◽

pp. 1761-1768 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

CLEBER F. BARBOSA ◽

ALEXANDRE A. TONIN ◽

ALEKSANDRO S. DA SILVA ◽

MARIA I. DE AZEVEDO ◽

DANIELI U. MONTEIRO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Selenite ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Negative Control ◽

Diphenyl Diselenide ◽

Advanced Oxidation Protein Products ◽

Infected Blood ◽

Cytokine Modulation ◽

Cytokine Levels ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (ST) supplemented with diphenyl diselenide and sodium selenite in experimental toxoplasmosis, on oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers and cytokine levels. Eighty-four BALB/c mice were divided in seven groups: group A (negative control), and groups B to G (infected). Blood and liver samples were collected on days 4 and 20 post infection (p.i.). Levels of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactive substances and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were assessed in liver samples. Both biomarkers were significantly increased in infected groups on day 4 p.i., while they were reduced on day 20 p.i., compared with group A. Glutathione reductase (GR) activity significantly (P<0·01) increased on day 4 p.i., in group G, compared with group A. INF-γwas significantly increased (P<0·001) in both periods, day 4 (groups B, C, F and G) and 20 p.i. (groups C, F and G). IL-10 significantly reduced (P<0·001) on day 4 p.i. in group B; however, in the same period, it was increased (P<0·001) in groups C and G, compared with group A. On day 20 p.i., IL-10 increased (P<0·001) in groups F and G. Therefore, our results highlighted that these forms of selenium, associated with the chemotherapy, were able to reduce lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, providing a beneficial immunological balance between the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

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Effect of a plant versus animal based diet on lipid profile of yoga practicing medical students: a pilot study

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20181269 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 1207

Author(s):

Sanasam Meetali ◽

Shashikiran H. C. ◽

Prashanth Shetty ◽

Ganesh Prasad ◽

Chandrakanth K. K.

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽

Vegetarian Diet ◽

Mean Value ◽

Diet Group ◽

The Body ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Background: Foods play an important role in human health. An excess accumulation of cholesterol in the body is one of the main causes of cardio vascular disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and mortality. In the interests of food safety and public health, plants and their compounds are now re-emerging as an alternative approach to treat gastrointestinal diseases. The present study was designed to discuss changes in blood cholesterol levels after the consumption of animal based (non vegetarian) and plant based (vegetarian) food on yoga practising medical students.Methods: Of 81 subjects, a total of 60 subjects within the age group 18 to 22 years were selected for the study and were divided into two groups, non-vegetarian diet group (group A; n=30) and vegetarian diet group (group B; n=30). Subjects in the group A were given a non vegetarian diet and group B a vegetarian diet for a period of 10 days. Assessments were done at baseline and after 10 days.Results: There were no statistically significant changes seen in the lipid profiles of group B and group A after the application of a paired t test. In this study the mean value of total cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum LDL and serum VLDL were found to be slightly higher in vegetarian group than the non-vegetarian group. Mean value of serum HDL was found to be higher in non-vegetarian group than the vegetarian.Conclusions: The present study concludes that there are more changes in the pre and post lipid profile assessments of the vegetarian group in comparison to the non-vegetarian group.

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OR13-01 Comparison of Vitamin D Metabolism in Deficient and Sufficient States

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.1869 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Artem Zhukov ◽

Alexandra Povaliaeva ◽

Ekaterina Pigarova ◽

Larisa Dzeranova ◽

Victor Bogdanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Oral Intake ◽

Vitamin D Metabolites ◽

Loading Dose ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Vitamin D Metabolism ◽

Calcium Phosphorus ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Abstract Objective: to study the differences in calcium-phosphorus and vitamin D metabolism in healthy individuals with deficient and sufficient baseline state of vitamin D. Materials and methods: The study included 16 young conditionally healthy individuals, divided into two equal groups: with levels of 25(OH)D below and above 30 ng/ml determined by the immunochemiluminescent method (Group A and Group B respectively; DEQAS certified). All participants were evaluated for the biochemical parameters of blood and urine, characterizing calcium-phosphorus metabolism, PTH by commercial methods, and vitamin D metabolites (25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 3-epi-25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3) by HPLC/MS-MS before oral intake of 150 000 IU of an aqueous solution of cholecalciferol and 7 days after administration. Results: At baseline, the level of vitamin D metabolite 25(OH)D2 in Group B was lower with no significant differences in other studied parameters. In group A, strong positive correlations were observed between levels 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3, while in group B there were no such associations. After taking a loading dose of cholecalciferol, the groups showed generally similar changes in the studied vitamin D metabolites: a statistically significant increase in 25(OH)D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D3, a decrease in 25(OH)D2, and a ratio of 24,25(OH)2D3 to 25(OH)D3. However, the level of 24,25(OH)2D3 did not change in group B, with a significant increase in group A. The medians of the studied biochemical parameters in blood/urine, as well as PTH, remained unchanged in both groups. Conclusion: In patients with inadequate baseline levels of 25(OH)D, after a loading dose of cholecalciferol, there is a tendency to formation of more inactive forms of vitamin D. These deviations in the metabolism of vitamin D need to be clarified, since they can potentially affect the effectiveness of cholecalciferol therapy.

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GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI AORTA TIKUS WISTAR YANG TERPAPAR ASAP ROKOK

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.1.2.2013.3654 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Lapatta Nazlyza

Keyword(s):

Blood Vessels ◽

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Foam Cell ◽

Foam Cells ◽

Negative Control ◽

Fatty Streak ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Tunica Intima

Abstract: Cigarette smoking is one of the high risk factor of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis signed by plaque in artery and can caused constriction in the blood vessels. Atherosclerosis often occured in the blood vessels of the aortic. The purpose of these study is to see the histopatologic image of wistar rats aortic after being exposed by cigarrete smoke. This experimental study conducted throughout 5months using 10 rats wistar devided into 3 groups. Group A as a negative control (2 rats). Group B are exposed by cigarette smoke as much 24 cigarettes for 20 days (4 rats). Group C exposed by cigarette smoke as much 20 cigarette per day for 30 days (4 rats). The rats has been autopsied at the last 20 and 30 days and then continue made histology preparation with HE staining. The examination result shows by the microscopic image of the group A wistar rats aortic are normal. Group B showed a layer of foam cells in the tunica intima media. Group C showed foam cells in the intima and the media have started to protrude into the lumen. As a conclusion the wistar rats that are exposed by cigarrete smoke during 20 to 30 days showed a fatty streak (foam cell) on tunica intima and media aortic as early lesions in the process of atherosclerosis. Keywords: atherosclerosis, cigarette. Abstrak: Rokok merupakan salah satu faktor pencetus terjadinya aterosklerosis. Aterosklerosis ditandai oleh adanya plak di arteri yang dapat menyebabkan penyempitan pada pembuluh darah. Aterosklerosis sering terjadi pada pembuluh darah aorta. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk dapat melihat gambaran histopatologi aorta tikus wistar setelah dipapar dengan asap rokok. Penelitian eksperimental ini dilakukan selama 5 bulan dengan menggunakan 10 ekor tikus wistar yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok. Kelompok A kontrol negatif (2 ekor). Kelompok B dipapari asap rokok sebanyak 24 batang perhari selama 20 hari (4 ekor). Kelompok C dipapari asap rokok sebanyak 24 batang perhari selama 30 hari (4ekor). Tikus diotopsi pada hari ke 20 dan 30 dan dibuat preparat histologi dengan pengecatan HE. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan gambaran mikroskopik aorta tikus wistar kelompok A normal. Kelompok B menunjukkan adanya sel busa pada lapisan tunika intima, sampai tunika media. Kelompok C menunjukkan sel busa pada tunika intima sampai media dan sudah mulai menonjol ke lumen. Simpulan: tikus wistar yang dipapari asap rokok selama 20 sampai 30 hari menunjukkan adanya fatty streak (selbusa) pada tunika intima dan media aorta sebagai lesi awal dalam proses aterosklerosis. Kata Kunci: aterosklerosis, rokok.

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Oral Administration Of Eicosapentanoic Acid (EPA) Stimulates Production Of Prostacyclin By Rat Aorta

10.1055/s-0038-1652506 ◽

1981 ◽

Author(s):

T Hamazaki ◽

A Hirai ◽

T Terano ◽

Y Tamura ◽

A Kumagai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Plasma Lipids ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Diet Group ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Platelet Aggregability ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Prostacyclin (PGI2) which is mainly produced in blood vessels has the most potent platelet antiaggregatory activity of any substance yet found. It is therefore thought that PGI2 is a preventive agent for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We found that EPA orally administered to rats stimulated rat thoracic aorta to produce a PGl2like substance at 3 times normal levels. While there are several reports suggesting that EPA may contribute to the prevention of CVD by inhibiting platelet functions and improving plasma lipid concentrations, this is the first report that shows the relationships between orally administered EPA and PGl2~like substance production from aorta. METHODS: Two groups of Wistar rats were fed either a normal diet (group A) or a normal diet plus 74% pure EPA, 60 mg/kg/day (group B), for 8 weeks. Thoracic aortas were excised, cut into rings, and incubated in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.5, for 10 min. The activity of the PGl2-like substance was measured by inhibition of human platelet aggregation. Platelet aggregability of rats in both groups was also checked with ADP as an aggregant. RESULTS: The rate of production of the PGl2~like substance by the aortas of group B was 4.0±1.4 ng/mg wet aorta/10 min (calibrated with authentic Na-PGI2), while that of group A was 1.4±0.5 (P<0.001). Platelet aggregability was depressed in group B rats. There was no significant difference in concentrations of plasma lipids such as total and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipid. DISCUSSION: It has been suggested that EPA could prevent CVD through its antiaggregatory property. Now we suggest a new possibility that EPA could prevent CVD by stimulating blood vessels to produce more PGI2-like substance as well as by inhibiting platelet aggregation directly.

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Effects of soybean and rice bran oil on hemato-biochemical parameters in mice

Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries ◽

10.3329/ralf.v5i3.39585 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 365-372

Author(s):

Nafis Islam ◽

Md Shahidul Islam ◽

Md Jahangir Alam ◽

Md Kamrul Islam ◽

Nazim Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Soybean Oil ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Rice Bran Oil ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

Total Serum ◽

Control Group ◽

Total Serum Cholesterol ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

The study was conducted on “Swiss Albino” mice fed with additional supplementation of soybean oil and rice bran oil to observe the effects on hematological (total erythrocyte count and hemoglobin concentration) and biochemical parameters (total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoproteins and uric acid). A total of 30, 6-8 weeks old mice were randomly divided into 3 equal groups (n=10) as A, B and C. Group A was considered as control (fed only commercial ration), group B was supplemented with rice bran oil and group C treated with soybean oil respectively in addition to commercial ration for 60 days. At the end of feeding trial the mice were sacrificed for analysis of hematobiochemical parameters. The total erythrocyte count and hemoglobin concentration were increased significantly (P<0.05) in group B and C compared to control group A and the highest values was recorded in soybean oil group C. The total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and uric acid were increased significantly (P<0.05) in both rice bran oil and soybean oil group compared to control group. It is concluded that some hemato-biochemical parameters of blood in the mice are affected by rice bran and soybean oil enriched diet. Though, oils and fats are detrimental to health but to evaluate the effects of rice bran and soybean oil, further studies with more animals and some other parameters like liver function, kidney function may be conducted. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(3): 365-372, December 2018

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