scholarly journals Assessment of Skeletal Discrepancies by Determining R Angle in Lateral Cephalograms in Navi Mumbai Population

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
Sushma Sonawane ◽  
Vaidehi Save ◽  
Vivek Soni ◽  
Sameer Narkhede ◽  
Karthick Shetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
School Of Dentistry

There is considerable interest in the area of orthodontics in malocclusions caused by vertical discrepancies because of their causes, diagnosis, treatment planning, and tendency to return after treatment. Hence, this study aimed to assess, evaluate and check reliability for vertical skeletal discrepancy by establishing a parameter ‘R angle’ in Navi Mumbai population. In this study, the lateral cephalometric radiographs of 135 orthodontic patients between the age group of 18-30 years of age were selected from the database of the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics in D Y Patil University School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai The study found that the R angle is clinically and statistically important when examining vertical skeletal discrepancies. So with the above results it is observed that R angle can be used to assess vertical skeletal discrepancy in Navi Mumbai population. Along with other parameters it can be important and valuable tool for orthodontist to determine skeletal discrepancies in vertical plane.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Skeletotopy Variation of the Atlas and Vertebral Arteries Among Lithuanians and Its Significance for Physical Medicine Procedures and Rehabilitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimvydas Stropus ◽  
Ernesta Naujokaitė ◽  
Ieva Sakalauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Posterior Arch ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Physical Medicine ◽  
Ponticulus Posticus ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Research background. Vertebral artery relation with atlas anatomical variations can lead to sensomotor disorders of head and neck, and vertebrobasilar insuffciency. Kimmerle’s anomaly, a bony ring around vertebral artery, is also known as a risk factor for physical medicine procedures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the frst study of Ponticulus posticus prevalence in Lithuania. Aim. The research aim was to investigate the prevalence of skeletotopy variations of the posterior arch and vertebral artery among Lithuanian orthodontic patients of various ages and both genders. Research methods. We randomly selected 870 digital lateral cephalograms of Lithuanian orthodontic patients of various ages and both genders. 706 images with good visualization of VA bony socket shadow on the superior surface of the atlas posterior arch were chosen for the investigation. According to the degree of depth of the bony socket we categorized them into three variations: sulcus, groove and bony ring. If contours around VA of bony arch were equal or greater than 180°, we included those cases into the group of bony groove. Research results. We estimated predominance of sulcus (67.6%) of bony socket variations. A bony groove of various depths was found in 24.0% and a bony ring was found in 7.5% of the subjects studied. Vertebral artery groove was found to be more prevalent in females than in males and bony ring was more common in males than in females, but there was no signifcant difference (p > 0.05). Statistically signifcant predominace of bony ring in the age group of 17–20 years (13.2%) was observed and it was higher than in the age group of 8–16 years (5.1%) (p < 0.05). Conclusions. 1. Variations of bony socket including sulcus, groove, and bony ring (Kimmerle’s anomaly) develop in adolescence when ossifcation is most active. 2. The bony ring and semi open groove, which limit mobility of distal part of the vertebral artery, can be a risk factor of physical medicine procedures, especially in the elderly, whose artery walls are less elastic.Keywords: Ponticulus posticus, Kimmerle’s anomaly, atlas, vertebral artery, manual therapy of neck.

scholarly journals The applicability of centrographic analysis in pleasing craniofacial phenotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munish C. Reddy ◽  
Shivangi Gupta ◽  
Vaibhav Misra ◽  
Pradeep Raghav ◽  
Shishir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms

Context There has always been a need for nonnumeric facial analyses that would not compare an individual’s facial measurements with the preestablished norms, rather evaluate the facial form individually. This would help in diagnosis and treatment planning, unique to that individual. Aims The purpose of the study was to determine and establish a relation between skeletal, dental and soft tissue structures using centrographic analysis (CGA) in pleasing faces of Western Uttar Pradesh population. Materials and Methods A total of 50 subjects (22 males and 28 females) with “most pleasing faces” were taken up for the study, within the age group of 20-25 years. Frontal facial photographs and lateral cephalograms were taken for all the subjects. Conventional cephalometric analysis and CGA were applied to each lateral cephalogram. Arithmetic mean and standard deviation values were calculated, and an independent t-test was performed for calculating cephalomorphic norms and comparison between the male and female sample. Results The results showed that, the adults in the age group of 20-25 years, belonging to the Western Uttar Pradesh population have protrusive maxillary and mandibular skeletal bases and retrusive upper lip on contrary to a protrusive lower lip, though a sexual dimorphism was observed. The upper centroid and lower centroid values were statistically greater in women (P = 0.05 and P = 0.04 respectively) whereas, upper lip linear value was statistically greater in men. Conclusions The CGA is valid for Western Uttar Pradesh population. The Western Uttar Pradesh adults have protrusive mandible and a retrusive upper lip though there exists a sexual dimorphism. These practical centrographic norms can be used as an adjunct to the conventional cephalometric evaluation of an individual for diagnosis and treatment planning.

scholarly journals Treatment time, outcome, and anchorage loss comparisons of self-ligating and conventional brackets

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand M. Machibya ◽  
Xingfu Bao ◽  
Lihua Zhao ◽  
Min Hu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Conventional Brackets ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Anchorage Loss ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the treatment time, outcome, and anchorage loss among orthodontic patients treated by self-ligating brackets (SLBs) and conventional brackets (CBs). Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study compared 34 patients (SLB group) treated by SmartClip brackets (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) to 35 patients (CB group) treated by conventional preadjusted Victory series brackets (3M Unitek) and ligated by stainless steel wire ligatures. Pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2) lateral cephalograms were traced and analyzed using Pancherz sagittal-occlusion analysis to obtain skeletal and dental changes in the maxilla and the mandible. The dental cast models were assessed by the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) Index for the treatment outcomes. Results: The mean treatment time for SLBs (19.19 months) did not show a statistically significant difference from 21.25 months of CBs; the treatment time and pretreatment PAR scores were strongly correlated. There was no difference in anchorage loss between the SLB and CB groups. There were significant dental and skeletal changes among adolescent orthodontic patients regardless of the bracket used. The lingual inclination of the mandibular incisors in the CB group was 3.62° more than in the SLB group (P &lt; .01). Conclusions: The treatment time and anchorage loss are not influenced by the type of bracket used. There are significant dental and skeletal changes among adolescent orthodontic patients regardless of the bracket used. There is significantly greater lingual inclination of mandibular incisors in the CB group than in the SLB group.

scholarly journals The pediatric patient at a maxillofacial service: eye prosthesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Silva Câmara Mattos ◽  
Maria Cecília Montagna ◽  
Clemente da Silva Fernandes ◽  
Antonio Carlos Lorenz Sabóia
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Child Patient ◽  
Eye Prosthesis ◽  
School Of Dentistry ◽  
Prosthetic Eye ◽  
Orbital Region

Congenital absence or loss of the ocular globe during childhood causes psycho-social and cosmetic disorders and compromise the normal development of the orbital region. The literature relating to congenital or acquired etiology, due to trauma or disease, demonstrates the necessity of prevention and early detection in order to minimize the sequelae and disturbances in orbital growth. Installation of an eye prosthesis is essential to the rehabilitation process, so as to produce satisfactory development of the region. In order to characterize a profile of the child patient with this condition, a survey was carried out at the Prosthetic Eye sector, Out-patient Clinic, Discipline of Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FOUSP), during the period from 1988 to 2003. The 124 (14.02%) patients within the age group of 0-13 years registered for ocular prosthesis were divided into a first group of 64 patients (51.62%) with 0-7 years, and a second group of 60 patients (48.38%) with 8-13 years. Fifty nine were girls and 65 were boys. No statistical significance was observed regarding the distribution of genders in the two analyzed age groups (p = 0.069). However, there was statistical significance at the level of 0.01 in relation to etiology, with higher prevalence of congenital and pathological disturbances in the younger group and traumatic occurrences in the older group. The etiology also presented variation according to the gender, at the significance level of 0.05, where girls presented three times less trauma than boys in the older age group. The necessity of prosthetic ocular repair was evenly distributed along the childhood period and the eye losses that required prosthetic treatment equally affected both genders. However, the etiology of eye loss varied according to the considered gender and age bracket.

scholarly journals Accuracy of three-dimensional dental resin models created by fused deposition modeling, stereolithography, and Polyjet prototype technologies: A comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymund E. Rebong ◽  
Kelton T. Stewart ◽  
Achint Utreja ◽  
Ahmed A. Ghoneima
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Dental Resin ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
School Of Dentistry ◽  
Plaster Models ◽  
Plaster Casts

ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the dimensional accuracy of fused deposition modeling (FDM)–, Polyjet-, and stereolithography (SLA)–produced models by comparing them to traditional plaster casts. Materials and A total of 12 maxillary and mandibular posttreatment orthodontic plaster casts were selected from the archives of the Orthodontic Department at the Indiana University School of Dentistry. Plaster models were scanned, saved as stereolithography files, and printed as physical models using three different three-dimensional (3D) printers: Makerbot Replicator (FDM), 3D Systems SLA 6000 (SLA), and Objet Eden500V (Polyjet). A digital caliper was used to obtain measurements on the original plaster models as well as on the printed resin models.Methods: Results: Comparison between the 3D printed models and the plaster casts showed no statistically significant differences in most of the parameters. However, FDM was significantly higher on average than were plaster casts in maxillary left mixed plane (MxL-MP) and mandibular intermolar width (Md-IMW). Polyjet was significantly higher on average than were plaster casts in maxillary intercanine width (Mx-ICW), mandibular intercanine width (Md-ICW), and mandibular left mixed plane (MdL-MP). Polyjet was significantly lower on average than were plaster casts in maxillary right vertical plane (MxR-vertical), maxillary left vertical plane (MxL-vertical), mandibular right anteroposterior plane (MdR-AP), mandibular right vertical plane (MdR-vertical), and mandibular left vertical plane (MdL-vertical). SLA was significantly higher on average than were plaster casts in MxL-MP, Md-ICW, and overbite. SLA was significantly lower on average than were plaster casts in MdR-vertical and MdL-vertical. Conclusions: Dental models reconstructed by FDM technology had the fewest dimensional measurement differences compared to plaster models.

Possible association between craniofacial dimensions and genetic markers in ESR1 and ESR2

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie Ayumi Omori ◽  
Jennifer Tsi Gerber ◽  
Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez ◽  
Mirian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto ◽  
Suyany Gabriely Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
School Of Dentistry

Objective: To investigate the association of genetic markers in ESR1 and ESR2 with craniofacial measurements. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Participants: A total of 146 biologically unrelated, self-reported Caucasian Brazilians with no syndromic conditions were included. Methods: Sagittal and vertical measurements (ANB, S-N, Ptm’-A’, Co-Gn, Go-Pg, N-Me, ANS-Me, S-Go and Co-Go) from lateral cephalograms were examined for craniofacial evaluation. DNA was extracted from saliva and genetic markers in ESR1 (rs2234693 and rs9340799) and in ESR2 (rs1256049 and rs4986938) were analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated using the Chi-square test within each marker. The associations between craniofacial dimensions and genotypes were analysed by linear regression and adjusted by sex and age. The established alpha was 5%. Results: Individuals carrying CC in ESR1 rs2234693 had a decrease of –3.146 mm in ANS-Me ( P = 0.044). In addition, rs4986938 in ESR2 was associated with S-N measurement ( P = 0.009/ ß = –3.465). This marker was also associated with Go-Pg measurement, in which the CC genotype had a decrease of –3.925 mm in the length of the mandibular body ( P = 0.043). Conclusion: The present study suggests that in ESR1 and ESR2 are markers for variations in the craniofacial dimensions. However, further research should confirm the results.

Prevalence of Upper Cervical Vertebrae Anomalies in Patients with Cleft Lip and/or Palate and Noncleft Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Cunha Lima ◽  
Eduardo Jacomino Franco ◽  
Guilherme Janson ◽  
Izabel Maria Marchi Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Ferreira Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Posterior Arch ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Craniofacial Anomalies ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Upper Cervical ◽  
School Of Dentistry

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of upper cervical vertebrae anomalies in patients with isolated cleft lip, isolated cleft palate, and complete cleft lip and palate, as well as to compare the prevalence of these anomalies between groups, between genders, and with noncleft patients. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study of randomly selected patients. Setting: Radiology Section, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies and Department of Orthodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Participants: The sample comprised 300 lateral cephalograms of cleft patients, aged 12 to 13 years, of both genders, from the files of the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies–University of São Paulo and 300 lateral cephalograms from noncleft patients of the Department of Orthodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry. Cephalograms of patients with syndromes were not included. Method: Radiographs were interpreted on a film viewer by a single examiner; the profiles of vertebrae were traced on acetate paper, and cervical vertebrae anomalies were registered and categorized into posterior arch deficiencies, fusion, and association of both. Main Outcome Measures: Statistical comparison of groups using the chi-square test. Results: In the cleft group, 38.67% of the patients had cervical vertebrae anomalies. Of those in the noncleft sample, 31% showed anomalies of the cervical spine. This difference was statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference when the types of clefts were compared with each other or when both genders were compared in both samples. Conclusions: This study confirms the association between clefts and cervical anomalies. Additional research on this topic is necessary.

scholarly journals Hypodontia Patterns and Variations in Craniofacial Morphology in Japanese Orthodontic Patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 996-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiya Endo ◽  
Rieko Ozoe ◽  
Sugako Yoshino ◽  
Shohachi Shimooka
Keyword(s):  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Posterior Group ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the association of hypodontia patterns and variations in craniofacial morphology in Japanese orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 girls with hypodontia (the total group) were selected and categorized into anterior, posterior, and anterior-posterior groups according to the location of the congenitally missing teeth. By using the lateral cephalograms of each subject, 28 angular and 37 linear measurements were made. The cephalometric data were statistically analyzed and compared among the groups and with the Japanese cephalometric standards from 36 age-matched female subjects without hypodontia or malocclusion (the control group). Results: Every hypodontia group showed shorter anterior and overall cranial base lengths, shorter maxillary length, greater retroclination and elongation of mandibular incisors, and a larger interincisal angle than the control group. The total and anterior-posterior groups especially exhibited a significantly more prognathic mandible, larger retroclination of maxillary incisors, and a more counterclockwise-rotated occlusal plane. Furthermore, these skeletal and dental deviations were more remarkable in the anterior-posterior group than in either the anterior or the posterior group. Anterior hypodontia exerted as much influence on craniofacial morphology as posterior hypodontia. Conclusions: When orthodontic treatment is performed on patients with hypodontia, not only the number but also the distribution of missing teeth should be taken into consideration, though there was no significant difference in craniofacial morphology between anterior hypodontia and posterior hypodontia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Skeletal Jaw Relation by Different Cephalometric Angles for Sample of Kurdish Young Adults in Sulaimani City-A Cephalometric Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiler Abdul Hammed Mohammed ◽  
Trefa Mohammed Ali ◽  
Zhwan Jamal Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Variable Parameter ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Beta Angle

Abstract Background/Objectives An accurate evaluation of skeletal sagittal jaw relationship has an important role in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. This study was done to establish cephalometric norms of all types of malocclusion using ANB, Wits appraisal and Beta angle, and evaluate the significance of W angle in comparison to these parameters. Subjects and Methods Ninety pre-treatment lateral cephalograms of male and female patients aged 18-28 years from Sulaimani City that met the sample criteria were traced digitally by the Easy Dent 4 software program. The sample was divided into three groups of skeletal malocclusion, class I, II, and III, based on ANB angle, Beta angle, and Wits appraisal, each group consisting of 30 patients. For each subject the following cephalometric parameters were measured: ANB angle, Beta angle, Wits apprasial, and W angle.Statistical analysis The Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used for analyzing data. ANOVA test was used to compare means of the three study groups. The post-hoc test was used to compare each two groups, Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to assess the strength of correlation between two numerical variables, and coefficient of variability was used to measure the extent of variability of each variable in relation to the population. The p value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. ResultsSignificant differences were found in the ANB angle, Beta angle, Wits appraisal and W-angle in all 90 patients. The coefficient of variability showed that Wits appraisal was the most variable parameter and W angle was the least variable parameter. Conclusions ANB angle, Beta angle, Wits appraisal and W-angle are significant parameters to assess the sagittal jaw relationship. The use of W angle, along with other parameters, can provide more accurate assessment of the sagittal skeletal jaw relationship as it has the least coefficient of variance; it should therefore enable better diagnosis and treatment planning for patients.

scholarly journals Malocclusion Pattern (Angle's) in Mauritian Orthodontic Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
B. H. Durgesh ◽  
Prashanth Prakash ◽  
Ravikumar Ramakrishnaiah ◽  
Basavaraj Subashchandra Phulari ◽  
Abdul Aziz A. Al Kheraif
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Chinese Ethnicity ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Study Population

The aim of the study was to assess the pattern of malocclusion in different ethnic group of Mauritian population visiting the Orthodontic Department at Mauras College of Dentistry and Hospital, Republic of Mauritius. The study population comprised of 624 patients who visited the orthodontic department during 2010. The clinical examination was conducted by a well-calibrated orthodontist. The data were recorded in the case sheets and was analyzed for presence of angles class I, class II, and class III malocclusion in both male and female patients of Asian, African, Caucasian, and Chinese ethnicity aged 5–55 years. Malocclusion was found to be high in females compared to males. 414 patients (150 male + 264 female) presented with class I, 182 patients (52 male + 130 female) presented with class II, and 28 patients (12 male + 16 female) presented with class III. Asian ethnic group were more affected and patient seeking orthodontic treatment was high in 11–15 years age group.

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