scholarly journals Biomaterials – Novel Advances in Nasal Medical Implants, 3D Printing Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
T. M. Amulya ◽  
K. G. Siree ◽  
T. M. Pramod Kumar ◽  
M. B. Bharathi ◽  
K. Divith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Regulatory Aspects ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Targeting Ability ◽  
Soft Tissue Loss ◽  
Biodegradable Biomaterials ◽  
High Degree

The scope and applications of biomaterials have spread out throughout a broad spectrum. Particularly in pharmacy, biomaterials are an attractive choice because they can be modified to decrease toxicity, increase the targeting ability among many other aspects of drug delivery. Extensive studies have led to the development of many metal-based, ceramic, biocompatible and biodegradable biomaterials for medical purposes among many others. The utilization of 3D printing in this discipline is a very novel research subject with infinite potential. Personalized and customized nasal implants are a great option to increase patient compliance and 3D printed accurate anatomical structures are rendered to be effective tools of learning. One of the disadvantages of biomaterial-based implants is the formation of a thick fibrous capsule formation around the implant, others being breakage, soft tissue loss and so on. Regulatory aspects are less explored for nasal implants. 3D printing is a unique technique that allows for a high degree of customisation in pharmacy, dentistry and in designing of medical devices. Current research in 3D printing indicates towards reproducing an organ in the form of a chip; paving the way for more studies and opportunities to perfecting the existing technique.

3D Printing of Medical Models: A Literature Review

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingjian Wei ◽  
Li Zeng ◽  
Zhijian Pei
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Medical Models ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Anatomy Teaching

Medical models are physical models of human or animal anatomical structures such as skull and heart. Such models are used in simulation and planning of complex surgeries. They can also be utilized for anatomy teaching in medical curriculum. Traditionally, medical models are fabricated by paraffin wax or silicone casting. However, this method is time-consuming, of low quality, and not suitable for personalization. Recently, 3D printing technologies are used to fabricate medical models. Various applications of 3D printed medical models in surgeries and anatomy teaching have been reported, and their advantages over traditional medical models have been well-documented. However, 3D printing of medical models bears some special challenges compared to industrial applications of 3D printing. This paper reviews more than 50 publications on 3D printing of medical models between 2006 and 2016, and discusses knowledge gaps and potential research directions in this field.

scholarly journals The Role of 3D Printing in Medical Applications: A State of the Art

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Aimar ◽  
Augusto Palermo ◽  
Bernardo Innocenti
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Pipe Dream ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

Three-dimensional (3D) printing refers to a number of manufacturing technologies that generate a physical model from digital information. Medical 3D printing was once an ambitious pipe dream. However, time and investment made it real. Nowadays, the 3D printing technology represents a big opportunity to help pharmaceutical and medical companies to create more specific drugs, enabling a rapid production of medical implants, and changing the way that doctors and surgeons plan procedures. Patient-specific 3D-printed anatomical models are becoming increasingly useful tools in today’s practice of precision medicine and for personalized treatments. In the future, 3D-printed implantable organs will probably be available, reducing the waiting lists and increasing the number of lives saved. Additive manufacturing for healthcare is still very much a work in progress, but it is already applied in many different ways in medical field that, already reeling under immense pressure with regards to optimal performance and reduced costs, will stand to gain unprecedented benefits from this good-as-gold technology. The goal of this analysis is to demonstrate by a deep research of the 3D-printing applications in medical field the usefulness and drawbacks and how powerful technology it is.

Metallographic and Fractographic Evaluation of 3D-Printed Titanium Samples to Eliminate Unsatisfactory Mechanical Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Michaela Fousová ◽  
Tereza Stejskalova ◽  
Dalibor Vojtěch
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Set Up

Czech company ProSpon spol. s r.o. has introduced 3D printing technology in its production in 2015. This company operates in the field of development, manufacture and distribution of medical implants and instruments for orthopedics, traumatology and surgery. Therefore, the current intention is to employ Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology for production of complex and patient-specific implants from titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V. Nevertheless, first series of produced test specimens suffered from very low plasticity insufficient for the intended application. The reduction in elongation was almost 7fold compared to conventionally used wrought standard. From that reason, specimens were subjected to fractographic evaluation of fracture surfaces, but also metallographic evaluation. The main cause of the identified problem turned out to be porosity originating from inappropriate set-up of the machine. After the adjustment of process parameters new series of specimens were prepared in which the porosity was already significantly lower. Consequently, mechanical properties reached higher and better values.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional printed orthosis in biomedical application: A short review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2071 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
Md Hasibuzzaman ◽  
Asnida Abdul Wahab ◽  
Gan Hong Seng ◽  
Muhammad Hanif Ramlee
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract The three-dimensional (3D) printing in medical implants unlocks unparalleled opportunities to completely configure the product to the patient’s measurements and needs. To be noted, the use of personalized 3D printed orthosis used in regeneration for serious orthosis implants of specific patients is growing to date. The 3D printed is unique to the patient instruments that can be used to facilitate correct positioning of implants and improved functional outcomes. The 3D printing, also defined as ‘rapid prototyping’ and ‘additive manufacturing’ is widely regarded as the ‘second technological revolution. The orthosis is an “externally applied mechanism used to alter the structural and functional properties of the musculoskeletal and skeletal system”. Applications in orthosis healthcare that are pioneering the way 3D printing is performed, changing the orthosis implant markets. This paper is reporting literature on the development of orthosis using 3D printing technology that could make the users more comfortable and easier to maintain. From the literature search, this paper summarises some important information about the use of 3D printing for orthosis development where it focusses on specific regions of human body, the materials for the 3D printed orthosis and further directions of this technology and research. In conclusion, the findings from this review paper may lead to a future recommendation and study in providing better treatment for patients.

The application of 3D printed models in the teaching of Tetralogy of Fallot to medical students: a randomized control trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huachun Miao ◽  
Yuhui Ou ◽  
Longchi Chen ◽  
Ao Cao ◽  
Chenyang Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Teaching Group ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. Its pathogenesis is complex and consists of different types of heart malformations. Whether for diagnosis or treatment, it is necessary to understand, in depth, the anatomical characteristics of this disease. With this, a full-colour model made by 3D printing technology is very suitable for helping users understand the complex configuration of organs and structures due to its high degree of simulation and homogeneity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of 3D printing model on TOF teaching.Methods: TOF image data were obtained from the medical image centre of the hospital and inputted into a colour 3D printer after software processing to print the full-colour model of TOF. Among the senior students of majoring in clinical medicine at our college, 30 students with equal male-to-female ratio were randomly divided into two groups: the 3D printing model group (n=15) and the traditional teaching group (n=15). At the end of the teaching session, theoretical examinations and a teaching effect questionnaire were distributed to evaluate the teaching effect.Results: The overall score of the 3D model teaching group was higher than that of the traditional teaching group (P<0.05), with a higher number of students interested in the course compared to that of the control group. Additionally, the effect of the 3D printing model teaching group was better than that of the traditional teaching group (P<0.05), in terms of learning satisfaction.Conclusion: The introduction of a 3D printed heart model into teaching can compensate for the deficiencies of the traditional teaching mode, improve the efficiency and effect of teaching, and is worth popularising and applying in the field of medical education.

Biodegradable 3D Printed Polymer Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Luzuriaga ◽  
Danielle R. Berry ◽  
John C. Reagan ◽  
Ronald A. Smaldone ◽  
Jeremiah J. Gassensmith
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Microfabrication Technique ◽  
Mechanical Strengths

Biodegradable polymer microneedle (MN) arrays are an emerging class of transdermal drug delivery devices that promise a painless and sanitary alternative to syringes; however, prototyping bespoke needle architectures is expensive and requires production of new master templates. Here, we present a new microfabrication technique for MNs using fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing using polylactic acid, an FDA approved, renewable, biodegradable, thermoplastic material. We show how this natural degradability can be exploited to overcome a key challenge of FDM 3D printing, in particular the low resolution of these printers. We improved the feature size of the printed parts significantly by developing a post fabrication chemical etching protocol, which allowed us to access tip sizes as small as 1 μm. With 3D modeling software, various MN shapes were designed and printed rapidly with custom needle density, length, and shape. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed that our method resulted in needle tip sizes in the range of 1 – 55 µm, which could successfully penetrate and break off into porcine skin. We have also shown that these MNs have comparable mechanical strengths to currently fabricated MNs and we further demonstrated how the swellability of PLA can be exploited to load small molecule drugs and how its degradability in skin can release those small molecules over time.

Biomimetic Design of 3D Printed Tissue-engineered bone Constructs

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Shifeng Liu ◽  
Yunzhe Li ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Qian ma
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Bionic Design ◽  
Material Interfaces ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Cell Printing ◽  
Biomimetic Scaffolds ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract:: Surgery to repair damaged tissue, which is caused by disease or trauma, is being carried out all the time, and a desirable treatment is compelling need to regenerate damaged tissues to further improve the quality of human health. Therefore, more and more research focus on exploring the most suitable bionic design to enrich available treatment methods. 3D-printing, as an advanced materials processing approach, holds promising potential to create prototypes with complex constructs that could reproduce primitive tissues and organs as much as possible or provide appropriate cell-material interfaces. In a sense, 3D printing promises to bridge between tissue engineering and bionic design, which can provide an unprecedented personalized recapitulation with biomimetic function under the precise control of the composition and spatial distribution of cells and biomaterials. This article describes recent progress in 3D bionic design and the potential application prospect of 3D printing regenerative medicine including 3D printing biomimetic scaffolds and 3D cell printing in tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Design of a 3D-printed hand prosthesis featuring articulated bio-inspired fingers

2020 ◽  
pp. 095441192098088
Author(s):  
Juan Sebastian Cuellar ◽  
Dick Plettenburg ◽  
Amir A Zadpoor ◽  
Paul Breedveld ◽  
Gerwin Smit
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Prosthetic Hand ◽  
Hand Prosthesis ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Pinch Force ◽  
Actuation System ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Energy Dissipated ◽  
Dual Material

Various upper-limb prostheses have been designed for 3D printing but only a few of them are based on bio-inspired design principles and many anatomical details are not typically incorporated even though 3D printing offers advantages that facilitate the application of such design principles. We therefore aimed to apply a bio-inspired approach to the design and fabrication of articulated fingers for a new type of 3D printed hand prosthesis that is body-powered and complies with basic user requirements. We first studied the biological structure of human fingers and their movement control mechanisms in order to devise the transmission and actuation system. A number of working principles were established and various simplifications were made to fabricate the hand prosthesis using a fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printer with dual material extrusion. We then evaluated the mechanical performance of the prosthetic device by measuring its ability to exert pinch forces and the energy dissipated during each operational cycle. We fabricated our prototypes using three polymeric materials including PLA, TPU, and Nylon. The total weight of the prosthesis was 92 g with a total material cost of 12 US dollars. The energy dissipated during each cycle was 0.380 Nm with a pinch force of ≈16 N corresponding to an input force of 100 N. The hand is actuated by a conventional pulling cable used in BP prostheses. It is connected to a shoulder strap at one end and to the coupling of the whiffle tree mechanism at the other end. The whiffle tree mechanism distributes the force to the four tendons, which bend all fingers simultaneously when pulled. The design described in this manuscript demonstrates several bio-inspired design features and is capable of performing different grasping patterns due to the adaptive grasping provided by the articulated fingers. The pinch force obtained is superior to other fully 3D printed body-powered hand prostheses, but still below that of conventional body powered hand prostheses. We present a 3D printed bio-inspired prosthetic hand that is body-powered and includes all of the following characteristics: adaptive grasping, articulated fingers, and minimized post-printing assembly. Additionally, the low cost and low weight make this prosthetic hand a worthy option mainly in locations where state-of-the-art prosthetic workshops are absent.

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