scholarly journals Case Report on Carcinoma on Hard Palate

2021 ◽  
pp. 275-280
Author(s):  
Sonali Wavare ◽  
Dharti Meshram ◽  
Kanchan Bokade ◽  
Pranali Wagh
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Background: The hard palate is a thin horizontal bony plate made up of two bones of the facial skeleton, located on the roof of the mouth. The bones are the palatine process of the maxilla and the horizontal plate of the palatine bone. The hard palate spans the alveolar arch formed by the alveolar process that holds the upper teeth (when these are developed). If cancer is detected early, the overall 5-year survival rate for all persons is 85 percent. If cancer has progressed to other tissues or organs, as well as regional lymph nodes, the overall 5-year survival rate is 67%. Objective: Want to highlight the importance of primary prevention; education on risks of alcohol/tobacco use and oral hygiene. Secondary prevention; Early biopsy of any ulceration of the hard palate that does not regress with medical treatment. This would allow early diagnosis and minimal treatment with less morbidity and better survival chances. Case Presentation: A male of 58 yrs. old came with Pain in the mouth, difficulty in breathing, difficulty in mastication, difficulty in deglutition, balm application, change in voice tooth exfoliation, lack of appetite. Aggravates on mastication, difficulty in deglutition for 2 months, burning sensation on the consumption of spicy food for 2 months change in voice, nasal discharge, loss of appetite, weight loss, tooth exfoliation in the upper front region of jaw, and balm application (2-3episodes, 15 days back). All necessary investigations were carried out such as X-ray, MRI, CT scan, a biopsy of the tissue sample, and diagnosed Carcinoma on the Hard Palate. Treatment of this patient received antiemetic, analgesic, antibiotic, vitamin supplementary. Prognosis: After treatment, the patient shows great improvement. Conclusion: The therapeutic management for malignant tumors of the hard palate is essentially surgical, with or without postoperative radiotherapy, discussed on a case-by-case basis. The survival rate depends on several factors, including early diagnosis, histological characteristics and appropriate management. When ca of the palate is detected primary, the management is very effective.

scholarly journals The role of postoperative radiotherapy after radical mastectomy in treatment of early breast cancer

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Jasmina Mladenovic ◽  
Nenad Borojevic
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Postoperative Irradiation

BACKGROUND: Radical or modified radical mastectomy was considered for many years the standard therapy for operable patients. Following radical mastectomy, postoperative irradiation of the chest wall and peripheral lymphatics is indicated in selected highrisk patients. Some studies on breast cancer patients who underwent radical mastectomy and received adjuvant chemotherapy tried to find out whether the addition of irradiation treatment to the chest wall and regional lymph nodes increases survival. The hypothesis in favor of irradiation is that chemotherapy can eliminate distant micrometastases, but is less effective against local and regional diseases, which are better controlled by radiotherapy. METHODS: In one year period, 110 patients with early stage of breast cancer were treated with radical mastectomy, and postoperative radiotherapy. Forty one patients had only postoperative radiotherapy, 27 received also adjuvant chemotherapy, 40 received adjuvant hormonal therapy and 2 patients received both adjuvant chemo and hormonotherapy. Postoperative irradiation was given on the regional lymph nodes (supra and infraclavicular, axillary and internal mammary nodes) with the tumor dose 48 Gy in 22 fractions over a period of four and a half weeks. All fields were treated with Cobalt 60. RESULTS After the median follow up of 67 months, 33 patients (30 %) had some kind of failure in form of local recurrence, distant metastases or both Locoregional relapse alone or associated with distant metastases occurred in 10 patients (9.1 %). Only 1.8 % of patients had local recurrence as the first failure. Distant metastases occurred in 32 patients (29.1%). After the end of follow up, 60 % patients are alive without evidence of disease while 16.4 % patients are alive with disease. The 5 year overall survival rate was 78.19% and 5 year disease free survival rate was 67.44%. CONCLUSION: Postoperative radiotherapy after radical mastectomy has important role in adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer in combination with adjuvant chemotherapy and hormonotherapy.

scholarly journals Advances in the Detection of Pancreatic Cancer Through Liquid Biopsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Bao Yan ◽  
Jia-Qi Huang ◽  
Shi-Yun Huang ◽  
Bhavesh K. Ahir ◽  
Long-Man Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Liquid Biopsies

Pancreatic cancer refers to the development of malignant tumors in the pancreas: it is associated with high mortality rates and mostly goes undetected in its early stages for lack of symptoms. Currently, surgical treatment is the only effective way to improve the survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Therefore, it is crucial to diagnose the disease as early as possible in order to improve the survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer. Liquid biopsy is a unique in vitro diagnostic technique offering the advantage of earlier detection of tumors. Although liquid biopsies have shown promise for screening for certain cancers, whether they are effective for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is unclear. Therefore, we reviewed relevant literature indexed in PubMed and collated updates and information on advances in the field of liquid biopsy with respect to the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF PD-L1 EXPRESSION IN TUMOR AND IMMUNE CELLS IN SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE ORAL MUCOSA

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-765
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kutukova ◽  
Natalya Belyak ◽  
Grigoriy Raskin ◽  
Marina Mukhina ◽  
Georgiy Manikhas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lower Jaw

The most frequent of malignant tumor cites of the oral mucosa are tongue - 55 %, mucosa of the cheek - 12 %, the fundus of the oral cavity - 10 %, the alveolar process of the upper jaw and the hard palate - 9 %, the alveolar process of the lower jaw - 6 %, the soft palate - 2 %. Malignant tumor cells carry PD-L1 ligands on their surface and its expression level is often correlated with an unfavorable prognosis in particular for such tumors as melanoma, kidney cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. It is relevant to evaluate the correlation between overexpression of PD-L1 and overall survival in patients with malignant tumors of the oral mucosa.

PROSPECTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CARRYING OUT THE ONCOLOGICAL COMPONENT OF MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF THE POPULATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-237
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Cherenkov ◽  
A. Petrov ◽  
I. Gulkov ◽  
A. Kostyukov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Mass Screening ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Pilot Program ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Group Version

Diagnosis of malignant tumors is an urgent problem of the modern world. Early diagnosis depends on General practitioners. The doctor should conduct a systematic examination of the patient regularly, taking into account the risk groups, gender and age. With mass screening, signs of dysplasia or an early focus, developing cancer can «slip away» [1]. Optimization of analysis and examination algorithms is required, which is not always possible for one person. Positive application of the digital program with elements of imaging in Oncology, we were able to create such a class of tasks for the preliminary subjective-objective survey of patients in three versions: with a widescreen screen and consoles for patients (group version up to 15 or more patients), interactive (touch) and tablet. The results of the survey are sent through the accepted channels to the doctor with recommendations for further examination, and the patient is given a coupon. The pilot program showed that the system of such robotic technologies in the future can replace the oncologist in its development to artificial intelligence at the stage of the primary link.

scholarly journals MOS Sensors Array for the Discrimination of Lung Cancer and At-Risk Subjects with Exhaled Breath Analysis

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Davide Marzorati ◽  
Luca Mainardi ◽  
Giulia Sedda ◽  
Roberto Gasparri ◽  
Lorenzo Spaggiari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Breath Analysis ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Exhaled Breath Analysis

Lung cancer is characterized by a tremendously high mortality rate and a low 5-year survival rate when diagnosed at a late stage. Early diagnosis of lung cancer drastically reduces its mortality rate and improves survival. Exhaled breath analysis could offer a tool to clinicians to improve the ability to detect lung cancer at an early stage, thus leading to a reduction in the associated survival rate. In this paper, we present an electronic nose for the automatic analysis of exhaled breath. A total of five a-specific gas sensors were embedded in the electronic nose, making it sensitive to different volatile organic compounds (VOCs) contained in exhaled breath. Nine features were extracted from each gas sensor response to exhaled breath, identifying the subject breathprint. We tested the electronic nose on a cohort of 80 subjects, equally split between lung cancer and at-risk control subjects. Including gas sensor features and clinical features in a classification model, recall, precision, and accuracy of 78%, 80%, and 77% were reached using a fourfold cross-validation approach. The addition of other a-specific gas sensors, or of sensors specific to certain compounds, could improve the classification accuracy, therefore allowing for the development of a clinical tool to be integrated in the clinical pipeline for exhaled breath analysis and lung cancer early diagnosis.

scholarly journals Tumor budding as a prognostic criterion of colorectal cancer

Pathologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-351
Author(s):  
I. I. Yakovtsova ◽  
V. M. Cheverda ◽  
O. V. Dolhaia ◽  
A. S. Yakymenko ◽  
I. V. Ivakhno
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Tumor Budding ◽  
Lethal Outcome ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Prognostic Features ◽  
Group I ◽  
Prognostic Criterion ◽  
The Moment

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of mortality among cancers after malignant tumors of respiratory system. One of the most significant prognostic features of CRC is tumor budding (TB), which isn’t widely implemented in clinical practice. The aim of this research: to find the prognostic criteria of recurrence and lethal outcome of CRR IIA and IIIB stages (рТ3N0-2M0), the ratio of tumors with certain differentiation in groups of research was taken equal. Material and methods. The group I was formed from primary CRC without recurrences. The main relapse-free survival time was 5 years (62.5 ± 16.5 months). The ІІ group – primary CRC with recurrences; ІІА – with recurrences during 5 years from the moment when the tumor was removed, without fatal outcome; ІІВ – with recurrences and lethal outcome from genera­lization of tumor process during 5 years from the moment when the tumor was removed. The microslides of CRC were made by using the standard methods. Results. TB was identified in 46.66 % (28/60) of CRC рТ3N0-2M0. The direct relationship between tumor grade and presence of TB was found (Р < 0.05), but TB didn’t define differentiation of the CRC. There was a statistically significant relationship between TB and metastatic spreading of CRC to regional lymph nodes (Р < 0.001). Metastasis was associated with 3 stage of TB, absence of metastasis was typical for CRC without TB. The tendency was found in a larger number of cases of the CRC with TB 3 stage among recurring CRC compared with CRC without recurrence, mainly due to the ІІВ group of the research. Inverse correlation between TB stage and time of recurrence appearance was found (Р < 0.05). TB in central tumor sites was followed by presence and higher stage of TB in peripheral tumor sites (Р < 0.05), that can be taken into account during biopsies of CRC. Conclusions. TB is a prognostic criterion of metastasis and time of recurrence appearance for CRC рТ3N0-2M0, which is mostly typical for tumors in patients with recurrences and lethal outcome at the taken equal ratio of tumors by differen­tiation.

scholarly journals Effects of the Wenyang Zhenshuai Granule on the Expression of LncRNA-MiR143HG/miR-143 Regulating ERK5 in H9C2 Cardiomyocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zelin Xu ◽  
Xinyu Chen ◽  
Qingyang Chen ◽  
Huzhi Cai
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Insufficiency ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
H9c2 Cardiomyocytes

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a complex clinical syndrome caused by a variety of heart problems, with a high incidence. The 5-year survival rate of patients with clinical symptoms is similar to that of malignant tumors. Wenyang Zhenshuai granules are a safe and effective granule of traditional Chinese medicine components, including aconite, dried ginger, licorice, and red ginseng. In contemporary clinical applications, it is widely used in acute and chronic heart insufficiency, coronary heart disease, and arrhythmia. This research cultured H9C2 cardiomyocytes and divided them into the normal control group, LncRNA-MiR143HG overexpression group, LncRNA-MiR143HG silence group, Adriamycin (ADR) group, ADR + medicated serum group, ADR + LncRNA-MiR143HG overexpression + medicated serogroup, and ADR + LncRNA-MiR143HG silence + medicated serogroup. The cells of each group were treated differently, and the survival rate of each group of cells and the expression levels of LncRNA-MiR143HG/miR-143 and ERK5 were detected at the end of the experiment, and the expression of LncRNA-MiR143HG/miR-143 in H9C2 cardiomyocytes was regulated by Wenyang Zhenshuai granules’ impact. The results of this study showed that, in the doxorubicin-induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte injury model, the expression of miR-143 was upregulated, and the expression of LncRNA-MiR143HG and ERK5 was significantly downregulated. Wenyang Zhenshuai granules can downregulate the expression of miR-143 to promote ERK5 protein expression and phosphorylation. The process is regulated by LncRNA-MiR143HG/miR-143, which may be one of its important mechanisms for the treatment of chronic heart failure.

scholarly journals How Can a Multidisciplinary Approach Improve Prognosis of Soft-Tissue Sarcomas of Extremities?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Asmae Mazti ◽  
Mohamed El Idrissi ◽  
Abdelhalim El Ibrahimi ◽  
Mustapha El Maaroufi ◽  
Ghizlane El Koubaiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Multidisciplinary Meeting

Soft-tissue sarcomas are malignant tumors that require good management within specialized centers. Our study aims to assess the benefit of handling these kinds of tumors using the Multidisciplinary Meeting (MDM) approach. The current paper details this approach through a prospective study that has lasted for 42 months in the HASSAN II University Hospital Center, Fez, Morocco. During this research work, 116 cases were selected with an average age of 53 years. In 95.7% of the cases, it was found that the lower limb was the most frequent tumor type (78.4%). Also, ninety-two (92) patients (79.3%) have had a prior biopsy. Ninety-nine (99) patients (85.3%) have received a magnetic resonance imaging scan (MRI) before surgery. Sixty-three (63) patients were operated on, including R0 resection used for 37 patients, R1 used for 21 patients, and R2 used for five patients. As a result, liposarcomas were the most frequent type (30.1%), followed by synovial sarcomas (14.6%), leiomyosarcomas (9.5%), ewing sarcoma (8.6), and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (7.7%). In addition, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was used for 36 patients. The other 22 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. The overall survival rate was 60.56 months, which proves a significant improvement, thanks to the multidisciplinary meeting approach. Conclusion. The conducted investigation has shown that using MDM for managing soft-tissue sarcomas of extremities improves the patients’ survival rate. Moreover, results have proven MDM might allow optimal treatment regarding less local recurrence and metastasis.

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