scholarly journals Lipolytic Activities of Bacteria and Fungi Isolated from Soil Samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
Racheal Oluwayemisi Fashogbon ◽  
Bose Adebayo ◽  
Victoria Musa ◽  
Titilayo Femi-Ola
Keyword(s):  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
State University ◽  
Sudan Black B ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Microbial Lipases ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

This study was carried out at the Department of Microbiology, Microbiology Laboratory, Ado-Ekiti State University, Ekiti State, Nigeria between July, 2018 to March, 2019. Due to the diverse biotechnological importance of lipases as a biocatalytic enzyme, extracellular production of microbial lipases has to gain lots of interest. This study, therefore, focused on the physicochemical parameters of lipase producing microorganisms from different soil samples. Microorganisms were isolated from four different soil samples using Nutrient Agar (NA) and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). The isolates were identified and characterized. Production, an assay for Lipase enzymes, purification, the effect of pH, Temperature and metal ion was investigated. The isolates were culturally, morphologically and biochemically characterized. Two of the bacteria strains (Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus sp.) and four fungi (Fusarium sp., Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, and Trichophyton sp.) isolates were able to produce lipid using Sudan Black B Fat staining techniques. Fusarium sp. isolated from dumpsite soil had the highest specific lipase activity (21.16 µmol/min/ml) while Bacillus sp. isolated from red oil spill soil had the highest lipase activity (0.59 µmol/min/mg). The specific activity of partially purified lipase for Fusarium sp. was 2.39 µmol/min/mg while Bacillus sp. had a specific activity of 2.46 µmol/min/mg. 30oC - 50oC, pH 7.0 to 9.0 and KCl2 (139.672%) supported the highest production of lipase by the Bacillus sp. and Fusarium sp. This study demonstrated that the Bacillus sp. produced a high amount of lipase activity followed by Fusarium sp. Extensive and persistent screening for new microorganisms and their lipolytic activities will help to provide faster ways to solve most environmental soil pollution.

KEBERADAAN BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT DAN AKTIVITAS ENZIM FOSFATASE TANAH DAERAH PERAKARAN TANAMAN OBAT DARI KEBUN RAYA CIBODAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suliasih Suliasih
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Serratia Rubidaea

A study was undertaken to investigate to occurance of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere soil samples of medicine plants in Cibodas Botanical Garden. 13 soil samples of medicine plants are collected randomly The result shows that 71 isolates of phosphate solubilizing bacteria were isolated, and 10 species of these organism was identified as Azotobacter sp, Bacillus sp, Chromobacterium sp, C.violaceum, Citrobacter sp. , Enterobacter sp., E. liquefaciens. Nitrosomonas sp., Serratia rubidaea, Sphaerotillus natans. Azotobacter sp. And Bacillus sp. Are found in all of soil tested. Conversely, Serratia rubidaea is only in the sample from rhizosphere of Plantago mayor The activity of acid alkaline phosphatase in soil tested ranged from 0.78 – 60,18 ugp nitrophenole/g/h, with the higest values being recorded in soil sample from rhizosphere of “Lavender”.Keywords : phosphate solubilizing bacteria, soil enzyme phosphatase

scholarly journals Screening and Characterization of Potent Poly Glutamic Acid Producing Bacillus sp. Isolated from Kinema, Water and Soil Samples

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. e07715
Author(s):  
Punam Thapa ◽  
Alina Thapa ◽  
Sujan Khadka ◽  
Sanjeep Sapkota ◽  
Om Prakash Panta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Water And Soil Samples

scholarly journals PURIFICATION AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF L-ASPARAGINASE ENZYME PRODUCED BY NEWLY ISOLATE BACILLUS SP.

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dzun Noraini Jimat ◽  
Intan Baizura Firda Mohamed ◽  
Azlin Suhaida Azmi ◽  
Parveen Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Fast Flow ◽  
Microbial Strain

A newly bacterial producing L-asparaginase was successful isolated from Sungai Klah Hot Spring, Perak, Malaysia and identified as Bacillus sp. It was the best L-asparaginase producer as compared to other isolates. Production of L-asparaginase from the microbial strain was carried out under liquid fermentation. The crude enzyme was then centrifuged and precipitated with ammonium sulfate before further purified with chromatographic method. The ion exchange chromatography HiTrap DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column followed by separation on Superose 12 gel filtration were used to obtain pure enzyme. The purified enzyme showed 10.11 U/mg of specific activity, 50.07% yield with 2.21 fold purification. The purified enzyme was found to be dimer in form, with a molecular weight of 65 kDa as estimated by SDS-PAGE. The maximum activity of the purified L-asparaginase was observed at pH 9 and temperature of 60°C.

scholarly journals Studies on decolorization of textile dye by using Pseudomonas and bacillus sp from the contaminated effluent soil samples of Kovilpatti, Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannan D ◽  
Renuga Devi ◽  
A. G. Murugesan ◽  
S. Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Textile Industries ◽  
Source Of Pollution

Textile industries releasing large amount of effluent which contains textile dyes and toxic chemicals and it is one of the major source of pollution also contaminating water bodies. To remove that, bacteria have been of great attention because of their ability to treat effluent. The present study was undertaken to exploit the ability of Pseudomonassp and Bacillus sp from dye contaminated soil samples for bioremediation for dye effluent. Among the bacterial strains used in the study. Pseudomonas sp emerged out to be most potent decolorizer in comparison to Bacillus sp with the degree of decolorization of 90.0 %. Thus, it was concluded that the Pseudomonas sp had highest color removing capacity from contaminated effluent soil samples. 

Isolation, Detection and Estimation of Various Amylase Producing Bacteria in Various Soil Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Amin Mir ◽  
Mohammad Waqar Ashraf ◽  
Altaf Hussain ◽  
Bilal Ahmad Mir
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Litmus Test ◽  
Micro Organisms

Background: Soil is an ultimate source of all types of nutrients, which have both biological and non-biological importance. Studies are being carried out to isolate various types of micro-organisms from soil which have much more importance. So in the present study, amylase producing bacteria have been isolated from various soil samples. Aim: The isolation, identification, and estimation of various microbial strains for α-amylase enzyme production and then the inhibition of the growth of these microbial stains. Methods: The bacterial strains were isolated and then identified by various microbiological methods, including Gram’s staining method followed by several biochemical methods such as, litmus test, Gelatin test and Urea agar media and by viable cells. Results: Altogether, three microbial strains were identified from the soil samples in the concerned study. The concerned strains include- Shigella, Proteus and Bacillus, respectively. The concerned microbial strains were then analyzed for the amount of amylase enzyme and it had been found that Bacillus sp produces much more amount of amylase followed by Shigella sp, and lesser amylase enzyme producing activity was found in Proteus sp. The isolated bacteria were then analysed for inhibition of their growth by water and ethanolic extracts of Cuminum cyminuni. Among the extracts, it had been found that water extracts exhibited more inhibiting capacity than the ethanolic extracts. The study also revealed that among the bacterial strains, the Shigella sp got much more affected by the concerned plant extracts followed by Proteus sp and least inhibition was observed against the Bacillus sp. Conclusion: As per the above study, it is being concluded that - three amylase producing bacteria viz Shigella, proteus, bacillus sp were isolated from the soil samples. These isolated microbial strains could be used for the decomposition of cholesterol levels in human in addition to other microbial activity. These isolated bacterial could sometimes be averse therefore their growth could be stopped by various biological and chemical substances like Gentamicin and by various Plant extracts viz, Cuminum cyminuni Plant.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Robust and pH-Stable Tannase from Mangrove-Derived Yeast Rhodosporidium diobovatum Q95

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
Jie Pan ◽  
Ni-Na Wang ◽  
Xue-Jing Yin ◽  
Xiao-Ling Liang ◽  
Zhi-Peng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Rhodosporidium Diobovatum ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
First Time

Tannase plays a crucial role in many fields, such as the pharmaceutical industry, beverage processing, and brewing. Although many tannases derived from bacteria and fungi have been thoroughly studied, those with good pH stabilities are still less reported. In this work, a mangrove-derived yeast strain Rhodosporidium diobovatum Q95, capable of efficiently degrading tannin, was screened to induce tannase, which exhibited an activity of up to 26.4 U/mL after 48 h cultivation in the presence of 15 g/L tannic acid. The tannase coding gene TANRD was cloned and expressed in Yarrowia lipolytica. The activity of recombinant tannase (named TanRd) was as high as 27.3 U/mL. TanRd was purified by chromatography and analysed by SDS-PAGE, showing a molecular weight of 75.1 kDa. The specific activity of TanRd towards tannic acid was 676.4 U/mg. Its highest activity was obtained at 40 °C, with more than 70% of the activity observed at 25–60 °C. Furthermore, it possessed at least 60% of the activity in a broad pH range of 2.5–6.5. Notably, TanRd was excellently stable at a pH range from 3.0 to 8.0; over 65% of its maximum activity remained after incubation. Besides, the broad substrate specificity of TanRd to esters of gallic acid has attracted wide attention. In view of the above, tannase resources were developed from mangrove-derived yeasts for the first time in this study. This tannase can become a promising material in tannin biodegradation and gallic acid production.

Specific Activity and Radioactive Contour Maps of Natural (40K, 226Ra and 232Th) and Anthropogenic (137Cs) Radionuclides in Surface Soil Samples from Phang Nga Province, Thailand

2014 ◽  
Vol 979 ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Prasong Kessaratikoon ◽  
Ruthairat Boonkrongcheep ◽  
Supphawut Benjakul ◽  
Suchin Udomsomporn
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
The South ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Contour Maps

The specific activity of the natural (40K, 226Ra and 232Th) and anthropogenic (137Cs) radionuclides have been studied and evaluated for 97 surface soil samples collected from 7 districts of Phang Nga province in the south of Thailand. High-purity germanium (HPGe) detector and gamma ray spectrometry analysis system were employed to measure and analyze the experimental results. It was found that, the ranges of specific activities of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs in surface soil samples are 251.50 – 15740.34, 15.21 – 791.42, 18.14 – 854.34 and < 0.33 – 16.91 Bq/kg with average values are 2886.77 ± 225.93, 165.71 ± 8.45, 160.36 ± 7.93 and 5.76 ± 2.49 Bq/kg, respectively. The results were also compared with some research data in national and global radioactivity measurement and evaluations. Furthermore, the radiological hazards of Phang Nga province were calculated through the radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the external hazard index (Hex), the gamma absorbed dose rate (D) and the annual effective dose rate (AEDout) and also compared with research data in the south of Thailand and the safety limits recommended values by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). Moreover, the radioactive contour maps of the natural (40K, 226Ra and 232Th) and anthropogenic (137Cs) radionuclides have been also created for the investigated area.

scholarly journals Effect of the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Dactylaria Brochopaga and the Nematode Egg Parasitic Fungus Verticilium Chlamydosporium in Controlling Citrus Nematode Infesting Mandarin, And Interrelationship with the Co Inhabitant Fungi

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.32) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
NOWEER E.M.A ◽  
. .
Keyword(s):  
Soil Samples ◽  
Parasitic Fungus ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Successive Treatment ◽  
Tylenchulus Semipenetrans ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Mixed Compound ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Citrus Nematode

In a field experiment, the nematode-trapping fungus Dactylaria brochopaga and the nematode egg parasitic fungus Verticilium chlamydosporium , was evaluated against the citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans infesting Mandarin, Citrus reticulata, , the mixed compound was applied in October 2016 at the rate ½ kg/tree, and root and soil samples were collected monthly until the next October, 2017. Successive treatment of the same mixed compound was added in the end of April 2017. For the comparison, Vydate 24% L. was applied as well as non treated check trees were left. Data revealed that the mixed compound treatment greatly affected the citrus nematode numbers both in soil and roots, in comparing with those of Vydate or induced by mixed compound was 97% and 70%; respectively in soil and roots. Rates of reproduction increase of the citrus nematode also reached 3% and 30% in both soil and roots; respectively. Vydate treatment resulted in a relatively lesser percentages. Growth of the concomitant fungus, Trichoderma sp. was increased specially in the last samples of October 2017, however those of fungi; Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium sp. And Rhizopus sp. was reduced, due to mixed compound treatment. Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. were not affected by the presence of the mixed compound. Vydate did not affect the co inhabitant fungi to a great extent. 

scholarly journals Screening of Keratinolytic Bacteria from Poultry Wastes

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Jahan ◽  
SN Khan ◽  
M Mozammel Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Feather Waste ◽  
Key Words Identification ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Poultry Feather

The aim of this study was to characterize keratinolytic bacteria isolated from feather waste. Six isolates were recovered from poultry feather- decomposed materials. Isolate Z3 and Z4 showed important feather degrading activity when grown on basal medium containing 1% native feather as the only source of energy, carbon and nitrogen. All isolates were Gram positive and rod-shaped bacilli. Based on microscopic and biochemical analysis, the isolates were identified as Bacillus spp. Keratinolytic activities of these isolates were measured after cultivation of the bacteria on raw feathers. Maximum keratinase activity was showed by the isolate Z4 (22.3 U/ml) with the specific activity of 40.5 U/mg. Bacillus sp. Z4 is a potent producer of keratinase, which can be used for production of the enzyme in large scale. Key words: Identification; Purification; Characterization; Keratinase; Feather DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i3.6535Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(3), 261-266, 2010

scholarly journals Co-Occurring Anammox, Denitrification, and Codenitrification in Agricultural Soils

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Long ◽  
Joshua Heitman ◽  
Craig Tobias ◽  
Rebecca Philips ◽  
Bongkeun Song
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Incubation ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The North ◽  
Incubation Experiments ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Isotope Analyses

ABSTRACTAnammox and denitrification mediated by bacteria are known to be the major microbial processes converting fixed N to N2gas in various ecosystems. Codenitrification and denitrification by fungi are additional pathways producing N2in soils. However, fungal codenitrification and denitrification have not been well investigated in agricultural soils. To evaluate bacterial and fungal processes contributing to N2production, molecular and15N isotope analyses were conducted with soil samples collected at six different agricultural fields in the United States. Denitrifying and anammox bacterial abundances were measured based on quantitative PCR (qPCR) of nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ) and hydrazine oxidase (hzo) genes, respectively, while the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ofFusarium oxysporumwas quantified to estimate the abundance of codenitrifying and denitrifying fungi.15N tracer incubation experiments with15NO3−or15NH4+addition were conducted to measure the N2production rates from anammox, denitrification, and codenitrification. Soil incubation experiments with antibiotic treatments were also used to differentiate between fungal and bacterial N2production rates in soil samples. Denitrifying bacteria were found to be the most abundant, followed byF. oxysporumbased on the qPCR assays. The potential denitrification rates by bacteria and fungi ranged from 4.118 to 42.121 nmol N2-N g−1day−1, while the combined potential rates of anammox and codenitrification ranged from 2.796 to 147.711 nmol N2-N g−1day−1. Soil incubation experiments with antibiotics indicated that fungal codenitrification was the primary process contributing to N2production in the North Carolina soil. This study clearly demonstrates the importance of fungal processes in the agricultural N cycle.

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