E-RECRUITMENT IN THE MILITARY: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Smaliukienė ◽  
Sergejus Trifonovas
Keyword(s):  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Military

Challenges and Opportunities

2019 ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
The Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Military Government ◽  
Independent State ◽  
British Rule ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Association ◽  
The Military ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Official Recognition

Somalia and Somaliland had parallel colonial experiences under Italian and British rule, respectively. In 1960, both gained independence and entered into a union. However, in 1969, the civilian government of the Somali Republic in Mogadishu was overthrown in a coup organized by the military, precipitating a brutal civil war. With the collapse of the military government in Mogadishu in 1991, Somaliland declared its independence from the Somali Republic. Since then, the two sides followed quite different trajectories. This chapter takes a detailed look at the recent history of dialogue between the two parties and offers recommendations on how best to establish an effective process. It suggests that the political stalemate will be resolved by the agreement of some form of mutually acceptable political association or official recognition of Somaliland as an independent state.

scholarly journals Dancing with the Junta Again

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
A. A. (Myanmar Researcher) ◽  
Liv S. Gaborit
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Women Activists ◽  
Incarcerated Women ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Death Toll ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Military

Since the military coup on 1 February, more than 800 people, including children have been killed and more than 6,000 people have been arrested. The death toll and number of incarcerated women is sharply increasing during the crack down on protesters by security forces; yet, little is known about the specific challenges and opportunities encountered by women activists while imprisoned. Through analysis of semi-structured interviews with five women who have been detained in connection with the military coup, this report sheds light on the torture, sexual harassment and poor prison conditions that they face.

Using the military in disaster relief: systemising challenges and opportunities

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Heaslip ◽  
Elizabeth Barber
Keyword(s):  
Humanitarian Relief ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Humanitarian Operations ◽  
Military Involvement ◽  
Military Commanders ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Coordination And Collaboration ◽  
The Military ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to a greater understanding of the challenges of civil military logistical cooperation, coordination and collaboration in humanitarian relief logistics. Design/methodology/approach – Systematic literature review of academic journals. Findings – This paper has four main findings. First, a categorisation of humanitarian logistics literature is achieved through a systematic review. Second, a classification of military involvement in humanitarian relief logistics is presented. Third, the research substantiated systematic differences in the kinds of military cooperation not only due to stage of operations but also depending upon whether the disaster is “natural” or “manmade”. Fourth, the research identifies the challenges of civil military logistical cooperation, coordination and collaboration and posits recommendations to overcome the identified challenges. Research limitations/implications – This paper represents an exploratory study and provides the basis for further research on cooperation, coordination and collaboration between military and civilian agencies in humanitarian operations. The paper sets a research agenda for academics. Practical implications – This paper is the first to offer practical guidance to military commanders and managers of humanitarian agencies on solutions and recommendations to overcome the challenges to civil military logistical cooperation/coordination in humanitarian operations. Originality/value – The area of civil military logistical cooperation/coordination has received limited consideration within the humanitarian aid logistics literature to date. This paper is designed to redress this shortfall. As a result, it is hoped that it will act as a catalyst for further research and to widen and deepen the resultant debate with a view to improving the outcome for those affected by current and future disasters.

scholarly journals Military medical research on internal diseases in modern warfare: new concepts, demands, challenges, and opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Dong Liu ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Hai-Ming Wang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Jun-Jie Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Surgical Wounds ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Modern Warfare ◽  
The Military ◽  
Further Development

AbstractBattlefield internal medicine aims at the treatment of combatants and noncombatants with various internal diseases on the battlefield. The military medical research on battlefield internal diseases focuses on the pathogenesis, clinical management, and prevention of internal diseases under military war conditions. In both wartime and peacetime, the soldiers suffer from more internal diseases than surgical wounds. With the introduction of high-tech weapons, including chemical, physical, and biological agents, a large number of special internal illnesses and casualties will appear in future wars. The battles often occur in special environments, such as high or low temperatures, plateau or polar areas, and micro- or hyper-gravity. The current theories of battlefield internal medicine are mainly derived from wars decades ago and cannot meet the needs of military medical support under the conditions of modern warfare. Therefore, the military medical research on battlefield internal medicine should be based on contemporary military situations, focus on the purpose of treating battlefield internal diseases, and adhere to the actual needs of the troops in peacetime and wartime. We should investigate the pathogenesis of battlefield internal diseases and explore the threats that may arise in future wars to ensure the advancement of battlefield internal medicine. This review highlights new concepts, demands, challenges, and opportunities for the further development of military medical research on battlefield internal medicine.

Securitization as Policy Choice: Macedonian Case

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Fatmir Xheladini
Keyword(s):  
Security Analysis ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Political Sector ◽  
Emergency Events ◽  
The Military ◽  
Broad Understanding

The global geopolitical transformations that have occurred in last years have raised questions about various nonmilitary concerns as a result of changes in the global order based solely on the premises of the military aspects of security. The evolution and debate on security began to shift from the traditional basis into contemporary segments of the security analysis incorporating approaches into other areas beyond the traditional concepts of security. In variety of debates of the broadening of concept of security, various scholars began to elaborate that security threats may appear in many other areas outside that of military and political sector. In this aspect Copenhagen schools examines aspects of security at micro and macro level and it represents analysis that intertwine with each other and which derive a more broad understanding what actually constitutes security for a country or community. Expanding areas of security analysis refers to the statement that security has to do with survival of a nation or society which also reasonably includes a range of concerns about the conditions of survival. The adoption of this concept expanded in various fields is a result of the need to better understand the logic of what are the related sectors and is a result of understanding what the interaction between the different sectors are. The aim of our paper is through the broadened mechanism of the concept of security to analyze the challenges and opportunities of the Macedonian security policies and how they are interlinked with other sectors. It does so by looking through the causes of tensions between ethnic Macedonian and Albanians in Macedonia, not only among the issues and emergency events that cause them, but also among the structural factors that shape and frame such a misperception.

Challenges and opportunities for artificial intelligence in surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 154851292110228
Author(s):  
Pamela Andreatta ◽  
Christopher S. Smith ◽  
John Christopher Graybill ◽  
Mark Bowyer ◽  
Eric Elster
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Military Health ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Military

Surgery is an exceptionally complex domain where multi-dimensional expertise is developed over an extended period of time, and mastery is maintained only through ongoing engagement in surgical contexts. Expert surgeons integrate perceptual information through both conscious and subconscious awareness, and respond to the environment by leveraging their deep understanding of surgical constructs. However, their ability to utilize these deep knowledge structures can be complicated by continuous advances in technology, medical science, pharmacology, technique, materials, operative environments, etc. that must be routinely accommodated in professional practice. The demands on surgeons to perform perfectly in ever-changing contexts increases cognitive load, which could be reduced through judicious use of accurate and reliable artificial intelligence (AI) systems. AI has great potential to support human performance in complex environments such as surgery; however, the foundational requirements for the rules governing algorithmic development of performance requirements necessitate the active involvement of surgeons to precisely model the quantitative measures of performance along the continuum of expertise. Providing the AI development community with these data will help assure that accurate and reliable systems are designed to supplement human performance in applied surgical contexts. The Military Health System’s Clinical Readiness Program is developing these types of metrics to support military medical readiness.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Challenges and Opportunities of the Use of Military Diplomacy in Intrastate Conflict Management in the Horn of Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 606-625
Author(s):  
Charles Okongo Imbiakha ◽  
Pontian Godfrey Okoth ◽  
Edmond Maloba Were
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
African Union ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Intrastate Conflict ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
Intrastate Conflicts ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Diplomacy

Military diplomacy is increasingly relied on in the management of intra state conflicts globally. Far more common and controversial is the issue of combat troops to help end fighting in an intractable conflict. The Horn of Africa is an epitome of intractable regional intrastate conflicts   that have attracted international, regional and even individual state military and humanitarian intervention since the 1970s. The Somalia and Sudan crises provide typical examples in which such efforts have been witnessed yet they also provide a case study of successful military diplomacy by African states in states engaged in protracted intra-state conflicts. This study was conceived to evaluate the challenges and opportunities of the use of military diplomacy in intrastate conflict management in the Horn of Africa. The study was located in the rational logic theory. It was carried out among peace groups and individuals who had participated in peace processes in the Horn of Africa. These were located in Mogadishu and Kismayu, Khartoum and Juba and embassies in Kenya that represent the Horn of Africa countries. Security personnel who have had a role in the Horn of Africa peace processes at African Union (AU), Inter - Governmental Authority on Development  (IGAD), East Africa Standby Force (EASF), United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS), United Nations Africa (Union) Mission in Darfur (UNAMID) and African (Union) Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) were key informants. The study used purposive sampling and snowballing to determine the sample size. Data was collected using interview schedules and questionnaires which were analyzed using Concurrent Nested (Embedded) Design. Secondary data were gathered and reviewed from Journals, books and published proceedings that corroborated the primary data. The findings indicate that the obscurity of the military and the rubric in the understanding of military diplomacy poses a challenge for the military to influence intrastate conflicts in the Horn of Africa. This is compounded by other challenges including the Cold War mentality that has made the region to witness a series of foreign activities leading to militarization of the Horn of Africa with establishment of military bases in the Horn of Africa. Peace support operations are expensive to manage yet the missions undertaken in the Horn of Africa lack sustainable source of funds and instead over rely on foreign funding and goodwill. With no sufficient funds, buying equipment and paying the staff becomes a big challenge. Emerging threats and clan dynamics are actualities that the use of military diplomacy was found to face as a challenge. To change these challenges into opportunities requires rational logic from all stakeholders in the conflict management process

scholarly journals NATO Intervention in Kosovo in light of Security Council Actions and International Law

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
MA. Arben Salihu
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
Well Being ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
New Era ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Military ◽  
Nato Intervention

The horrors of World War Two made it universally clear that the world cannot progress without general respect for human rights. Still, the need for humanitarian intervention arose several times before 1999, but international political and military organisations including the UN, were either late or hesitant to prevent genocides or other related human catastrophes worldwide. The NATO intervention in Kosovo, however, marked the beginning of the new era in international relations. The facet of this intervention in view of legality is the topic of this paper. The aim of this study, above all, is to analyze the Security Council actions, debates and resolutions concerning situation in Kosovo, and the level of impact that the military operation had in international law (in particular) and international relations (in general).  The study uses many authentic documents issued by the United Nations Security Council itself and other material related to the theme in order to develop an argument on the points raised. Throughout, this research paper has attempted to answer numerous issues related to the topic and offer a balanced view on the all the themes examined. Several but distinct points raised focus on relevant core subjects, discuss the challenges and opportunities of the humanitarian intervention and offer recommendations regarding the future of such operation for the well being of the humanity.  

scholarly journals Realizing the Horn of Africa in a New Context: Challenges and Opportunities for Peace in Somalia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Liban Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Period ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Domestic Instability ◽  
Radical Organizations ◽  
The Military

In 1991 growing political pressure and infighting led to the collapse of the Somalia government. Key institutions of governance disintegrated, and public services could no longer be provided. The Somali National Army was amongst the key institutions that collapsed and, in its place, warlords and clan militias emerged to fill the gap. Henceforth for over two decades, these non-state actors competed over control of both political and economic power while other radical organizations such as Al-Shaabab emerged with an objective to establish an Islamic state. This instability thus led to displacement of populations, insecurity both at the domestic and regional level. This thesis seeks to examine how the collapse of Somali impacted the military and why moving forward in the transitional period, reforming the military is vital to the future of Somalia and geopolitical and economic stability. The thesis adopts state building and realism as it theoretical frameworks and argues for the need of military reforms within the conceptual frameworks of security reforms. Specifically, the thesis reiterated that if the Horn of Africa and the greater Eastern Africa region is to experience geopolitical and economic stability, then the SNA should undertake key reforms in order to reinforce its capacity to resolve domestic instability in Somalia which is the causal factor in geopolitical and economic instability caused by threats such as terrorism, piracy, and bilateral tensions between regional states. The study suggests that reforms in the military such institutional capacity building, coordination of security assistance, and establishing civilian oversight over military is critical in reviving the capacity of SNA and with it, the first step towards restoring regional stability.

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