scholarly journals Development of the Wide Area Fire Support System in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
Hyeongho Choi ◽  
Euipyeong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Support Unit ◽  
The Status ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Complex Disasters

In the event of a large-scale disaster, Korea's wide-area fire support system (WFSS) mobilizes the same personnel and equipment regardless of the type and characteristics of the disaster. Support resources are inefficient for operation with equal mobilization without considering disaster-caused areas and the scope of support. Therefore, the status of the operation of the Emergency Fire Response Team for Disaster Response in Japan, which has developed a rational disaster response system due to frequent earthquakes, was compared and analyzed to demonstrate the direction of the development of the WFSS in Korea. The WFSS should be organized in such a way that the units suitable for the type and characteristics of disasters are mobilized and resources should be regularly provided with a registration and management system. The command of the support unit should form a command system linked to the operation of the existing emergency rescue control group; however, it should strengthen mutual training in close cooperation with related organizations in preparation for complex disasters. In principle, budgets used in response to disasters should be the responsibility of the state. The above-mentioned improvements should be made effective by legislating the “Mobilization Ordinance,” which is the nature of the current National Fire Agency's guidelines, into the Framework Act on Firefighting and Framework Act on Disaster and Safety Management.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Emergency Fire Response Team for Disaster Response in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeongho Choi ◽  
Euipyeong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fire Departments ◽  
Fire Response ◽  
Fire Fighters ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
The Status ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Hyogo Prefecture

32,000 fire fighters from 451 fire departments in 41 prefectures were mobilized to support and assist fire extinguishing and lifesaving in the Hyogo Prefecture Nanbu Earthquake that occurred on January 17, 1995. Based on this experience, the emergency fire response team for disaster response (EFRT) was established by the Fire and Disaster Management Agency (FDMA) on June 30, 1995. When large scale disasters occur over wide areas, EFRTs in Japan are dispatched to the disaster places to assist fire fighting on demand or by the order of the commissioner of the FDMA. This study analyzed the background required for establishing the EFRT; the process and details of the legislation; the establishment of basic plans, organizations, and operation plans; and assistance dispatch along with the plan for receiving outside support; registration and the plan for reinforcing equipment; the status of training for preparing assistance dispatch; and activity results in order to provide basic information to prepare large scale disasters and establish coping policies in Korea.

scholarly journals Beyond ICS: How Should We Govern Complex Disasters in the United States?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Branda Nowell ◽  
Toddi Steelman
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Network Governance ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Incident Command System ◽  
Incident Command ◽  
Complex Disasters ◽  
Private Actors

Abstract The complexity of large-scale disasters requires governance structures that can integrate numerous responders quickly under often chaotic conditions. Complex disasters – by definition – span multiple jurisdictions and activate numerous response functions carried out by numerous legally autonomous public, nonprofit, and private actors. The command operating structure of the Incident Command System (ICS) is a hierarchical structure used to manage complex incidents. Increasingly, complex disasters are seen as networks of multiple actors. Improving our capacity to respond to large-scale, complex disasters requires moving beyond the “hierarchy versus networks” debate to understand the conditions under which governance structures can best serve disaster response goals. Understanding the capabilities and limitations of the governance structures embedded in our national policy tools and frameworks can enhance our ability to govern effectively in networked contexts. In this article, we suggest the need to shift focus to build greater capacity for hybrid and network governance approaches, including a more sophisticated understanding of the conditions under which these governance forms are most effective.

Analysis of Description of Local Disaster Management Plan for Smooth and EffectiveWide-Area Support System During Large-Scale Disaster

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneyoshi Numada ◽  
◽  
Shinya Kondo ◽  
Masashi Inoue ◽  
Kimiro Meguro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
System A ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Hyogo Prefecture ◽  
Cooperation System

This paper gives attention to the phase of safety of work in wide-area support and considers differences in description in local disaster management plans drafted by supporting local governments and supported ones, assuming that standardization of such descriptions could bring more smooth and effective implementation of plans. This paper targets desirable directions toward arrangement for a highly effective wide-area cooperation system. A framework is introduced in examining on what wide-area support should be like, referring to previous studies on actual situation of the support at the time of the 1995 Southern Hyogo Prefecture Earthquake and of the 2004Mid Niigata Prefecture Earthquake. Then the disaster response activities in wide-area support are examines and local disaster management plans among different local governments are compared and differences in descriptions in plans. Necessary information for supporting sides and introduces the exchange of opinions with Kawasaki City that stood on the supporting side after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake is discussed. To make cooperation among the Japanese Government, prefectures, and municipalities more effective, the description of local disaster management plans should be standardized to some degree.

scholarly journals Achievements and Challenges of Governmental Human Resource Support System in Japanese Disaster Response for Affected Local Governments in the Aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 967-971
Author(s):  
Shohei Beniya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Support System ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Government ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Resource Support ◽  
To Receive

After a large-scale disaster, affected local governments face challenges such as a shortage of skilled staff in disaster response operations. Human resource support from external organizations is essential. This paper summarizes the major achievements of the human support system in Japan for affected local governments from the perspective of both local and national government support in the aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE). However, several issues still need to be considered. In terms of mutual support among local governments, this paper proposes the following three points for future wide-area mega-disasters: First, each local government should enhance its own disaster response capacity. Second, the entire country should use skilled human resources effectively. Third, national and local governments should prepare to receive assistance from overseas. This paper also proposes the following three points for the support of the national government’s onsite organizations. First, the national government should define a detailed plan for dispatching personnel to affected areas. Second, the national government should dispatch support teams directly to each affected prefecture, instead of setting up onsite organizations that cover multiple prefectures. Third, local governments should prepare to receive these onsite organizations.

University of Miami ‘Canes Emergency Response Team: A look at an undergraduate disaster response team

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Meizoso, BS ◽  
David V. Shatz, MD, FACS ◽  
Keith G. Fletcher, MEd ◽  
Matthew V. Shpiner, BBA ◽  
Daniel Carvajal, BBA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Response Team ◽  
University Of Miami ◽  
Citizen Response

Through recurrent disasters, both natural and man-made, the US government has developed a sophisticated emergency and disaster response system, ranging from local to federal government responses. But in large-scale disasters, the number of professional responders and the response times may be inadequate both for the physical magnitude of the disaster area involved and the number of victims. With that experience in hand, the Los Angeles City Fire Department promoted the concept of citizen response and training in 1985, which is now known as the Community Emergency Response Teams (CERT). The CERT program seeks to educate the lay public in disaster preparedness and train volunteers in basic disaster response skills. Training has been made available through the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Emergency Management Institute, and the National Fire Academy (http://www.citizencorps.gov/cert/). These teams can be used to promote awareness programs in the community and to be readily available in the event of a local incident. Their proximity to the event and knowledge of the area can be a valuable asset both prior to and after the arrival of professional responders. But building such a team from scratch can be a daunting challenge. Known more for their football program, this article describes the system built by the undergraduate student body of the University of Miami Hurricanes.

scholarly journals Introducing a Long-term Course in the Disaster and Safety Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
Gi-Hwan Kwon ◽  
Jun-Hyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Job Knowledge ◽  
Limited Government ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Specialized Education ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Government Responsiveness

Currently, in the disaster response process, problems such as limited government responsiveness and the lack of expertise and specialized human resources are emerging. There is an urgent need to introduce an educational course to strengthen systematic specialized education in order to cultivate the necessary job knowledge and on-site responsiveness. Therefore, this paper presents a proposal for introducing a long-term course in the field of disaster safety. The paper analyzes the current state of disaster safety management systems and specialized education and introduces long-term courses in the field of disaster safety through analysis of the government's response to the occurrence of existing large-scale disasters and analysis of questionnaires. The necessity was confirmed in the study, and an improvement plan of the current law and system for establishing the long-term course is proposed. The results showed that there is a need for education to cultivate the expertise of disaster safety management civil servants and the ability to solve problems in the field. Based on the analysis of questionnaires, the basis for promoting the introduction of long-term courses was set up, and it was possible to separately present institutional improvement plans such as securing capacity. The study may contribute to the realization of a safer society through the training of Korean-style emergency managers to develop both disaster safety management ability and the ability to solve problems.

NATRIURETIC PEPTIDES LEVEL AND THE STATUS OF THE RENIN – ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
A. M. Mambetova ◽  
A. M. Inarokova ◽  
N. N. Shabalova ◽  
D. V. Bizheva ◽  
A. T. Mahiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽  
Natriuretic Hormone ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sick Children

THE AIM. To determine the concentration of natriuretic peptide in the blood serum in children with congenital malformations of the urinary system (CM US) and to compare with the activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).MATERIALS AND METHODS.119 patients with CM US aged 3 to 18 years were examined. A control group of 10 clinically healthy children. 3 groups were assigned: group I – 55 children with  congenital vesicoureteral reflux, and group II – 34 children with  congenital hydronephrosis and ureterohydronephrosis, III group – 30 children with other forms of dysembryogenesis of the US. Following indicators were identified by ELISA in the blood: renin, aldosterone,  N – terminal propeptide natriuretic hormone (NT-рroВNР). RESULTS.NT-рroВNР, renin and aldosterone hyperproduction were diagnosed in 59,6%, 69,7%, 54.6 % of sick children relatively. Concentrations were higher in all variants of  malformations in comparison with the control group. Significant  differences were revealed in obstructive species, where arterial  hypertension (AH) was diagnosed more often. Patients with AH  recorded significantly higher concentrations of NT-proВNР and renin.CONCLUSION.The key point in pathological processes developmentand progression in the cardiovascular system and kidneys is the  activation of RAAS. The system of natriuretic factors is important in maintaining the compensated state of patients due to the blockade of RAAS.

Evaluation of Ovaries in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome using Shear Wave Elastography

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-583
Author(s):  
Aysegul Altunkeser ◽  
Zeynep Ozturk Inal ◽  
Nahide Baran
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Elasticity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
The Right

Background: Shear wave electrography (SWE) is a novel non-invasive imaging technique which demonstrate tissue elasticity. Recent research evaluating the elasticity properties of normal and pathological tissues emphasize the diagnostic importance of this technique. Aims: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is characterized by menstrual irregularity, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic overgrowth, may cause infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the elasticity of ovaries in patients with PCOS using SWE. Methods: 66 patients diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria (PCOS = group I) and 72 patients with non-PCOS (Control = group II), were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants were recorded. Ovarian elasticity was assessed in all patients with SWE, and speed values were obtained from the ovaries. The elasticity of the ovaries was compared between the two groups. Results: While there were statistically significant differences between the groups in body mass index (BMI), right and left ovarian volumes, luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels (p<0.05), no significant differences were found between groups I and II in the velocity (for the right ovary 3.89±1.81 vs. 2.93±0.72, p=0.301; for the left ovary 2.88±0.65 vs. 2.95±0.80, p=0.577) and elastography (for the right ovary 36.62±17.78 vs. 36.79±14.32, p=0.3952; for the left ovary 36.56±14.15 vs. 36.26±15.10, p=0.903) values, respectively. Conclusion: We could not obtain different velocity and elastography values from the ovaries of the patients with PCOS using SWE. Therefore, further large-scale studies are needed to elucidate this issue.

Efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch Plus Protocol for Improvement of Fertility in Postpartum Sahiwal Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lakher ◽  
M. K. Awasthi ◽  
J. R. Khan ◽  
M. R. Poyam
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
And Control

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol in postpartum (day 60) Sahiwal cows (n=18). Animals were randomly divided into three equal groups, viz., Ovsynch group Ovsynch plus group and Control group. Animals of group I (n = 6) were treated with traditional Ovsynch protocol. The animals (n = 6) of group II were treated with Ovsynch plus protocol which consisted of an initial intramuscular injection of eCG (Folligon) @ 250 IU on day 60 postpartum followed 3 days later by GPG (Ovsynch) protocol. In group-III Control, no treatment was given to animals (n = 6). Treated animals were inseminated at a fixed time between 14 and 20 hrs after second GnRH injection, irrespective of estrus detection. Blood samples were collected from each animal on days 50 and 60 postpartum to determine the status of cyclicity in animals based on serum concentrations of progesterone (P4). A third blood sample was collected on the day of prostaglandin treatment to determine the response of first GnRH injection. Four animals each were cyclic, and two were acyclic in both treatment groups. Four animals each responded to first GnRH treatment in both treatment groups. Similarly, two animals each got conceived giving conception rate of 50% (2/4) in each treatment. In the control group, one out of 6 animals got conceived yielding 16.66 % conception rate (1/6) during the study period. It may be thus concluded that Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol may be used during the early postpartum period to improve the reproductive efficiency in postpartum Sahiwal cows.

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