Combat Lesion in Triceratops: Histological and Chemical Diagnosis

In the collective imagination derived from scientific and popular literature, Triceratops often faced each other in combat. Thus, from the second half of the twentieth century, these ceratopsids were described as pugnacious animals. This arises primarily from the interpretation of extracranial fenestrae in ceratopsids being the result of combat trauma. However, the diagnosis of the traumatic nature of these anatomical variants of their neck frill requires evidence of bone healing and remodelling by microscopy analysis. Here, we present the case of the Triceratops horridus known as Big John, which is one of the largest specimens discovered in the Hell Creek Formation (Upper Cretaceous; MT, USA). Its right squamosal bone shows an extrafenestra with irregular margins and signs of inflammation. Microscopy analysis revealed newly formed and healing bone, with histological signs typical of the bone remodelling phase. Chemical analysis revealed sulphur that was derived from glucosaminoglycans and sulphated glycoproteins of the preosseous osteoid substance present in the healing phases of a bone trauma. Histological and microanalytical analyses confirm that the squamosal fenestra of Big John is the result of a traumatic event, which might indeed have occurred during combat with another Triceratops.

Lidio Cipriani (1892–1962), the Photographs in His Popular Science Literature

The case of Lidio Cipriani (1892–1962) is symptomatic of a time when sciences like anthropology and ethnology supported the fascist ideology and gave it scientific approval in a crucial political moment for Benito Mussolini’s regime (1930–1940), which enacted racist laws and institutionalized the establishment of racial segregation in the colonies as well as within the boundaries of the motherland. Over the past thirty years historiography has focused some attention on the issue, but in this contribution I would like to highlight a point that has only been mentioned in passing in studies dedicated to the Florentine anthropologist, namely the questions surrounding the use of his massive photographic corpus. Since the use of imagery to nourish a collective imagination had become crucial for the fascist regime, an analysis of these images and their circulation may allow us to better explore the interrelationship between a totalitarian political power, the social body impregnated with propaganda, and the physical anthropology practiced by Cipriani, who produced a colossal visual corpus that suited the fascist theoretical apparatus.

Between Infrastructural Experimentation and Collective Imagination: The Digital Transformation of the EU Border Regime

A central and formative ingredient in the governance of migration in the European Union (EU) is the continuous construction of a large-scale digital infrastructure to ensure border security. Although border and critical security studies have increasingly focused on the multiple aspects of techno-materiality and infrastructural devices of border control, less has been said about how such an infrastructure encodes and transmits collective future visions of border (in)security. Therefore, this paper analyzes the making of a sociotechnical imaginary of digital transformation of the EU border regime, specifically focusing on the role of eu-LISA, the European agency for the development and management of large-scale IT systems. Drawing on ethnographic observations and interview material, we analyze the ways in which this agency emerges as a site for assembling and rehearsing this sociotechnical imaginary, gradually transforming borders into sites of experimentation in the EU Schengen laboratory. As our case illustrates, studying the visionary dimensions of digital infrastructuring helps us to understand how imagination becomes collectivized and materialized, opens up or closes down sociotechnical realizations, and thus tacitly governs the project of digitally infrastructuring the EU border regime.

The Others of the Ravine

In the society and culture of the Canary Islands, ravines (barrancos in Spanish) are spaces that contain a wealth of meanings and perceptions attached to a collective imagination. These natural scars that mark and characterize the island's geography represent scenes of dissidence, as will be shown through the spatial and geographic stories of various transsexuals and transvestites who lived in Tenerife between 1970 and 1990; the specific character of their testimonials is situated in a specific context: El Cabo, a barrio in Tenerife, as well as the Santos Ravine (Barranco de Santos in Spanish). The state repression, marginalization, and violence against sexually dissident people during this age will be the main context of analysis. In a brief journey through history, these aspects will be placed in relation to key events from the Francoist dictatorship on the islands, a travel journal of the nineteenth century, and passages from the conquest of the Canary Islands in which the ravines, among them the Santos Ravine itself, take on a relevant importance. Finally, this study will mention the existence of a chapel consecrated to the Virgin of Candelaria in this environment as possibly the most significant crystallization of the otherness of the ravine. This study thereby contemplates reviewing these spaces on the basis of their formation as media in which specific Canary Island subjectivities can be located.

Arketipe peran Ibu dalam cerita rakyat nusantara dan kontribusinya terhadap terapi lintas budaya

Saat ini, sensivitas budaya di bidang psikoterapi menjadi isu yang penting karena tumbuhnya kesadaran bahwa berbagai praktik yang dilakukan selama ini bersifat Eurosentris. Para ahli mengabaikan fakta keberagaman latar belakang budaya pasien. Padahal, banyak terapis yang menangani pasien dari berbagai latar belakang budaya menyadari adanya keunikan budaya pada setiap pasiennya. Sayangnya, belum banyak riset yang berusaha memahami dan menggali kekayaan budaya yang ada dalam cerita rakyat dan dimanfaatkan dalam bidang terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeksripsikan arketipe peran Ibu dalam cerita rakyat nusantara dan signifikansinya sebagai mental budaya masyarakat dapat berkontribusi terhadap terapi lintas budaya. Penelitian menggunakan 288 cerita rakyat Nusantara. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis isi dan studi dokumen. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan dalam imajinasi kolektif masyarakat Nusantara, Ibu arketipe peran Ibu termanifestasi dalam bentuk peran Ibu yang baik, Ibu yang buruk, dan peran Ibu yang bertransformasi. Ibu tidak hanya menjadi sosok protagonis yang memberikan perlindungan, kehidupan, dan kesejahteraan, tetapi juga menjadi antagonis yang mampu menjadi sosok menakutkan bagi anaknya. Dalam oposisi biner ini, sosok Ibu juga mampu bertranformasi dengan mengubah peranannya sesuai dengan konteks situasi yang menyertainya, yaitu Ibu protagonis menjadi sosok antagonis yang diakibatkan oleh ketidakpatuhan anaknya atau hadirnya pihak ketiga. Ketiga arketipe peran Ibu tersebut merupakan gambaran dari imajinasi kolektif masyarakat Nusantara dalam menggambarkan peran Ibu dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Gambaran ini dapat dimanfaatkan dalam bidang terapi, khususnya dalam proses terapi yang melibatkan pasien anak-anak atau Ibu. Arketipe peran Ibu dapat menjadi gambaran mengenai nilai-nilai yang melekat pada sosok Ibu dan menjadi mental budaya masyarakat Nusantara. Currently, cultural sensitivity in the field of psychotherapy has become an important issue due to the growing awareness that various practices carried out so far are Eurocentric. Experts ignore the fact that the patient's cultural background is diverse. In fact, many therapists who treat patients from various cultural backgrounds are aware of the cultural uniqueness of each patient. Unfortunately, not much research has tried to understand and explore the cultural richness that exists in folklore and is used in the field of therapy. This study aims to describe the archetype of the mother in the folklore of the archipelago and its significance as a community mental culture that can contrIbute to cross-cultural therapy. The study used 240 Indonesian folk tales. The analytical method used is content analysis and document study. The results of the study show that in the collective imagination of the people of the archipelago, the archetypal mother role is manifested in the form of a good mother role, a bad mother, and a transformed mother role. Mother is not only a protagonist who provides protection, life, and welfare, but also becomes an antagonist who can become a frightening figure for her child. In this binary opposition, the mother figure is also able to transform by changing her role according to the context of the accompanying situation, namely the protagonist's mother becomes an antagonist figure caused by the disobedience of her child or the presence of a third party. The three archetypes of the mother's role are an illustration of the collective imagination of the Indonesian people in describing the role of mothers in everyday life. This picture can be used in the field of therapy, especially in the therapeutic process involving children or mothers. The archetype of the mother's role can be an illustration of the values ​​attached to the mother figure and become the cultural mentality of the Indonesian people.

Building the Collective Imagination in the Bestsellers of the Western World

This study constitutes the first ever sociological investigation of the contents of western bestsellers, published and examined between 1998 and 2017. The research project analysed the contents, action and values, as well as the pathways pursued in order to construct social identity and create the stories and characters portrayed. It emerged that the cultural industry aimed at producing works with a high level of readability capable of facilitating their diffusion among people of the lower-middle, higher-middle and higher classes of society. Some advance the hypothesis that, in the face of economic crises and slowdowns in the global economy, there has been an increase in the need for literary fiction, for escape and identification with problems, such as the loss of employment, the impoverishment of families and emotional instability, common to the so-called fluid society.

La renaissance des représentations sur la femme en Afrique contemporaine. De la posture victimaire à l’héroïne dans les productions discursives et artistiques en RD Congo

Africa is fundamentally a patriarchal society. And the social discourses circulating in this continent underline representations with very demeaning negative stereotypes towards the women. This is, indeed, a behavioral and linguistic credo that has long frozen women in a victimwood posture. Today, the situation is shifting towards a certain renewal of this a priori sexist collective imagination. The challenge is to build a heroine posture that now represents women as the pillar of Africa’s socio-economic development in the dynamics of contemporary sustainable development goals. Thus, this study analyzes through a diversified corpus which takes into account both paremic orality, literary production and ordinary discourse, the socio-discursive mechanisms of this discourse of societal issues in a rapidly changing RD Congo.

Of People and Protest: Spiritual Resistance in Newar Hymns

The spiritual and the political at times merge together in the formation of powerful voice of protest in quest of social harmony. This is also seen in Newari cultural landscape. Newari hymns present that the collective imagination poetically transcends beyond the earthly domain of control of authority and social structures, revolting against the prevalent social order. The paper studies two historical Newari hymns “Shitala Maju” and “Bijaya Laxmi” from the perspective of the cultural resistance. When the hymns that are still sung as integral cultural performance in social life of the Newari settlements are analysed to examine the nature of their spiritual quest, the hymns, in the form of devotional poetry, emerge as a sharp critique of the then power structure. This paper argues that the Newari hymns raise the voice of people against the atrocities of both the state and/or the King in the form of spiritual resistance in its inner core though such poems externally display devotion as their primary ethos.

Oriana e i colonnelli: cultura di massa e dittatura greca nell’Italia degli anni Settanta

In 1979 Oriana Fallaci published Un uomo, an autobiographical novel in which she tells her love story with Alexandros Panagulis, hero of the resistance to the regime of the Greek colonels. The book has a resounding and lasting success with the public, thanks to the narrative, stylistic and ideological peculiarities widely illustrated by Vittorio Spinazzola, Giovanna Rosa and Bruno Pischedda. Beyond its literary prerogatives, the success of the work is also linked to the author’s ability to grasp a series of suggestions already floating on the various levels of the Italian collective imagination since the end of the Sixties, and to express them with formidable effectiveness. In addition to literature, in fact, music, cinema and TV had also drawn on and spread different material from the ambiguous fascination exercised by the Greek colonels on Italian public opinion.