RENUMBERING IN CITY WITH HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING METHOD OF BUS STATION NUMBERS: THE CASE OF KAHRAMANMARAŞ PROVINCE

Bus stations are one of the most widely used components of the public transportation system by citizens. Many critical information, such as the list of bus lines passing through the station, the station-based schedule of the bus lines and when the vehicle operating in the transportation system will pass through the station, are calculated and published according to the station number. For this reason, the station number is being memorable by the citizens and the station numbers of the bus stations, which are spatially close to each other, are numerically very close to each other, are very important in terms of easy learning of the station number. Bus station numbers are usually numbered according to the order in which the line routes pass through the stations. However, considering this case, there is a huge difference between the inconsistency in the station numbers and the station numbers of the stations that are spatially close to each other, when the line route is changed or when the station numbers and the order of passing from the stations are different for different lines passing through the same station. In this study, a hierarchical clustering-based new approach has been proposed to eliminate the problems in bus station numbers and to set bus station numbers that are spatially close to each other. The proposed approach was carried out using the real bus line route and bus station data of Kahramanmaraş Metropolitan Municipality. In the experimental evaluations, the difference between the bus station numbers created by the classical method and the difference of the bus station numbers created by the hierarchical clustering method that spatially close to each other were compared. Experimental results show that the proposed hierarchical-based clustering method creates a closer number of station that are spatially close to each other when compared to the classical method.

COVID-19 Preventive Practices among Bus Station Workers in Ethiopia

As of May 19, 2021, Ethiopia was among the five African countries most affected by COVID-19. A cross-sectional design was used to assess the level of knowledge, perceptions, and practices of bus station workers about COVID-19 between August 25 and September 17, 2020. Face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaires were used. To identify the factors associated with the dependent variables, simple and multiple binary logistic regression analyses were used. A P value < 0.05 was considered significant. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. In this study, 427 workers from three bus stations participated. Approximately 84.5%, 84.8%, and 81.3% of the workers had good knowledge, positive perceptions, and good practices, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that workers with a monthly income of 3,001 to 4,000 birr were about four times more likely to have poor knowledge compared with higher income workers. Those workers with poor knowledge were 2.4 times, and security workers were 3.7 times, more likely to have poor practices compared with workers with good knowledge and drivers, respectively. In conclusion, workers used in security and those who had poor knowledge regarding COVID-19 failed to exhibit effective preventative practices against the virus.

Implementation Analysis for Energy Audit Process at MSRTC Bus Station- A Review Research

Energy audit consists of survey, analysis and inspection of the energy flow in the system. Its aim is to find the scope of energy conservation by implementing energy saving procedures without affecting the outputs of the system. One such system which can conserve energy is MSRTC bus station which requires a lot of energy consumption for its everyday activities. Energy audit plays a significant role in finding opportunities to save energy and reduce electricity bills. Energy audit recommends ways to save energy consumption by some changes in the system with emphasis on that there are no negative output by the changes made. The Energy Audit would provide a positive orientation to the energy cost reduction along with preventive maintenance and quality control programs which are vital for production and utility activities.

Survey Analysis for Quality Enhancement of MSRTC Bus Station - A Review Research

A Survey analysis is conducted by quality function deployment (QFD) at bus station in Amravati, INDIA to know and identify existing the demands and request of the users and to improve the quality of the service provide by MSRTC bus station in Amravati. To identify the needs of the customers the survey has been conducted by using the defined questionnaire and it was distributed to 5000 users. The responses of these surveys have been used as a feedback in the first stage of QFD. Total 20 main features and 17 sub features have been designed by considering all the aspects of public transport system. In this present study, the output of the surveys indicated that, in order to improve the quality of the public transport service, in this paper, the main focus has been given on the ticket prices and frequency of the transport system.

Assessment of Noise Pollution at Different Bus Stations in Lucknow City of Uttar Pradesh, India

Noise is word related to undesire sound which disrupts quality of life .when the noise present in ambience exceeds the prescribed limits is called as noise .Excessive noise disrupts day to day activity such as sleep, conversation. It is a type of pollutant which was earlier neglected but as the growth and development took place, excessive noise started to disturb human activity .this lead to identification, quantification and regulation of noise by WHO .the paper present the noise pollution data interpretation of two bus stations of Lucknow city in the month of February 2021. Exposure to elevated level of noise may cause serious weight on the sound-related and sensory system This study deals with assessment of noise pollution at bus station of Lucknow. The noise level was monitored at Charbagh, Awadh and Nahariya for two day each with help of sound pressure level (SPL 1352). Since these three bus stations are inter as well as intra state bus station as they connect the Lucknow with various neighbouring districts so noise level generated here is quite high. Maximum numbers of buses are being operated from these three bus stations to cater the demand of people. With help of noise level various noise parameters were calculated such as L10, L90, L50, Leq, NC, LNP and TNI. for the purpose of proper study and representation of noise present at bus station. Leq value at Charbagh ranges from 73.5-82.3dB and for Awadh it ranges from74.6-82.7dB and for Nahariya it ranges from 77.8-84.4dB .It is observed that all the selected locations, the level of noise was found to be above prescribed noise standard level of CPCB. Such as high level of noise at bus station cause mental discomfort to passengers that needs to be taken care of while designing the bus terminal and proper attention must be paid to reduce to reduce mental agony to passengers as the number of buses are increasing so the noise level. Since Lucknow is still under the process of development thus it becomes to identify locations of noise hot spot and place suitable solutions and strategies to control the menace of noise pollution.

GPS and RFID Based Intelligent Bus Tracking System

RFID is an innovation like that of scanner tag checking. A RFID framework comprises of labels, which utilize radio recurrence signs to communicate its area data to a pursuer, which generally sends this data to a worker that measures it as indicated by the requirements of the application. This paper presents a framework that can follow transports across a city by putting RFID labels in the transports and the pursuers in each elective bus station. The neighborhood worker for the city gets the area data, and cautions the impending bus stations during the transport, of the transport's number, course, and anticipated season of appearance, which are then shown at the stop. This framework accordingly depicts is a financially savvy and simple to carry out plot for following transports continuously.

Understanding City-Wide Ride-Sourcing Travel Flow: A Geographically Weighted Regression Approach

The emerging ride-sourcing service has become an important element of urban mobility. A challenging question underlying the provision of such service is how and to what extent the built environment affects origin-destination (OD) travel flows. This paper employs the geographically weighted regression (GWR) model to analyze the OD-based ride-sourcing travel flow. It makes a comparison with the existing ordinary least square (OLS) model and spatial autocorrelation model (SAM). We have collected ride-sourcing order data in Hangzhou, China, to provide an accurate source for acquiring ride-sourcing travel flow. We investigate the effects of the residential area, points of interest (POIs), and transit stations on ride-sourcing travel flow among traffic analysis zones (TAZs). The results show the following: (a) GWR has better goodness-of-fit than SAM and OLS. (b) Residential area, enterprise, and bus stations have positive correlations with ride-sourcing OD flows, but education and subway stations have negative correlations. We have further investigated the issue and found that it is not a causal relationship between the bus station and OD flow, due to collinearity between the two variables. The bus station builds on locations with high demand, but its capacity is not large enough to reduce the ride-sourcing flow to a low level, which results in a positive coefficient. (c) Based on the estimated coefficients, the prediction of ride-sourcing flows is feasible, supporting the impact analysis for urban land use and transportation planning. This paper contributes to understanding OD-based ride-sourcing travel flow distributions and provides a framework of long-term OD flow prediction for urban land use and transportation planning.

Analysis Factor of Noise, Bus Conditions and Unsafe Actions on Accident Incidents at Mangkang Terminal and Pengaron Terminal, Semarang-Indonesia

Objective and Background: A traffic accident is an unexpected incident on the highway involving a vehicle with or without other road users that results in casualties or property loss. the bus station is a place to regulate the arrival and departure of inter-city and inter-provincial routes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the additional workload, vehicle conditions, and unsafe actions in the event of an accident. Methods: This type of research used a quantitative approach with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study were inter-city inter-provincial (AKDP) and inter-city within the province (AKDP) bus drivers with a study sample of 64 respondents in Mangkang and Penggaron bus station. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire and it was processed using the Spearman rank test. Results: The results showed that there was no relationship between psychological conditions (p=0.695), ergonomics (p=0.994) with the incidence of bus driver accidents. However, there is a relationship between noise levels (p=0.43), vehicle conditions (p=0.002), unsafe actions (p=0.025) and the incidence of bus driver accidents. Conclusion: Buses that enter Mangkang and Penggaron bus station, are required to follow the occupational safety and health (K3) regulations stipulated by local transportation regulations. Especially for economy class bus drivers, they must continue to carry passengers according to the capacity of their bus, so they can avoid dangerous incidents.