Efektivitas Pasar Lelang Bahan Olah Karet dalam Koperasi Unit Desa

The auction market for crumb rubber is a business unit owned by KUD Berkat. The auction market was formed to obtain the highest price at the farmer level for the sale of crumb rubber. Therefore in this study, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the auction market for crumb rubber seen from the price, quality, volume, and the number of auction market players and to analyze farmers' perceptions of the effectiveness of the auction market from the auction market output, auction market flexibility, and whether there is tension between institutions in auction market with proportion test. Data collection uses secondary data and primary data obtained by interviewing respondents from weighting a Likert scale, and secondary data obtained from related institutions. The results showed that evaluation of effectiveness the auction market for crumb rubber seen from the price in line with the international market, the quality according to SNI standards and 98% of farmers had fulfilled the 60% KKK, the average of quantity (volume) of crumb rubber every farmer was in a low category, the number of farmers who participated auctions in the five years ago still increased. Farmers' perceptions of the auction market institution for crumb rubber based on the proportion test of more than 50% mean the auction market in KUD has a high level of effectiveness and is feasible to run.

Do traders learn to select efficient market institutions?

When alternative market institutions are available, traders have to decide both where and how much to trade. We conducted an experiment where traders decided first whether to trade in an (efficient) double-auction institution or in a posted-offers one (favoring sellers), and second how much to trade. When sellers face decreasing returns to scale (increasing production costs), fast coordination on the double-auction occurs, with the posted-offers institution becoming inactive. In contrast, under constant returns to scale, both institutions remain active and coordination is slower. The reason is that sellers trade off higher efficiency in a market with dwindling profits for biased-up profits in a market with vanishing customers. Hence, efficiency alone might not be sufficient to guarantee coordination on a single market institution if the surplus distribution is asymmetric. Trading behavior approaches equilibrium predictions (market clearing) within each institution, but switching behavior across institutions is explained by simple rules of thumb, with buyers chasing low prices and sellers considering both prices and trader ratios.

The Institutions of Liberal and Conservative Values

The article is dedicated to the liberal and conservative values: to the actual problem of comparable analyze of the liberal and conservative sights on individual behavior on its influence on their judgments on economy policy. There is the small sketch about liberal movement in last and its interaction with religious reformation. The author does conclude about nearsightedness of the neoliberal and neoconservative judgments on individual behavior and economy policy that have the important mean for development of market institution.

FORMAL AND INFORMAL INSURANCE MARKET INSTITUTIONS

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to defining the nature, types, and role of formal and informal insurance market institutions. Methodology of research. The methodological basis of the work has become a systematic approach to the study of the formation and functioning of formal and informal insurance market institutions; as well as a dialectical method of cognition and grouping to determine the types of formal and informal institutions that have formed and ensure the development of insurance relationships. Methods of induction and deduction have been used to generalize the essence and role of insurance market institutions under the provisions of economic theory and insurance business. The differences between formal and informal insurance market institutions have been established by a comparative method. To make theoretical generalizations, to form conclusions from the study, an abstract reasoning method has been used. Findings. The article presents the results of empirical analysis of formal and informal institutions, under the influence of which the insurance market has been formed and is currently functioning. Formal insurance market institutions are clearly defined, regulated by public protection mechanisms, and mandatory for all economic entities involved in the insurance process. Informal insurance market institutions are unwritten and undocumented norms and rules that shape the behaviour of economic entities of the insurance market regarding the creation, purchase and sale, and consumption of insurance services. Both formal and informal insurance market institutions should be divided into basic and specific ones, taking into account the peculiarities of the insurance market and the specifics of insurance relationships. Originality. Given the peculiarities of the insurance business, formal and informal insurance market institutions are clearly distinguished, with their subsequent division into basic and specific ones. Practical value. The results of the study can serve as a basis for further research in this area and will be useful for insurers, supervisory authorities, and other participants in the insurance market in terms of improving the quality of insurance services, identifying areas of the insurance market, and efficiency of its participants, which will increase confidence in the insurance market. Key words: institution, formal institution, informal institution, insurance market, basic insurance market institution, specific insurance market institution.

INDEKS PASAR MODAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM

AbstrakPasar modal merupakan salah satu indikator pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu negara. Di sisi lain, pasar modal merupakan alternatif bagi individu maupun lembaga untuk berinvestasi. Namun dalam perkembangannya, lembaga pasar modal secara umum, mempunyai beberapa permasalahan hukum, terutama adanya unsur gharar (spekulatif) yang cukup kuat dalam aktivitasnya. Sebagai upaya mengatasi inilah, maka lembaga pasar modal syariah didirikan. Maka dari itu, artikel ini bertujuan menilai operasional pasar modal syariah, apakah telah dapat secara pasti menghilangkan unsur gharar dalam praktek di lapangan, serta bagaimana mekanisme yang dilakukan untuk maksud tersebut. Artikel ini merupakan kajian yang bersifat yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan historis dan filosofis. Adapun alat analisis utama yang digunakan ialah teori maqashid syariah. Dari kajian yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendirian pasar modal syariah telah menunjukkan upaya signifikan dalam menghilangkan unsur gharar dalam operasionalnya. Hal tersebut dilakukan dengan mekanisme bahwa semua sekuritas yang memasuki aliran pasar modal syariah melalui seleksi ketat Syariah Islam JII (Jakarta Islamic Index). Selain itu, dibentuknya Indeks Islam Jakarta (JII) berganti nama menjadi Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI) juga membantu untuk operasional dalam pasar modal syariah. Lembaga ini merupakan prasyarat untuk sekuritas Islam dengan bisnis utama yang tidak bertentangan dengan hukum Islam, sebagaimana dinyatakan dalam fatwa DSN. Dalam prakteknya, berbagai instrumen khusus juga disediakan, antara lain saham syariah, reksadana syariah, obligasi syariah (sukuk) yang merupakan bagian tak terpisahkan dari transaksi pasar modal. Dengan demikian, pasar modal syariah memberi rasa aman dan kepastian dalam melakukan transaksi sesuai dengan praktik syariah, dan menghindari elemen spekulatif.Kata Kunci: Kata kunci: Pasar Modal Syariah, Hukum Islam, Maqoshid syariah AbstractThe capital market is one indicator of a country's economic growth. On the other hand, the capital market is an alternative for individuals and institutions to invest. But in its development, capital market institutions in general, have several legal problems, especially the existence of gharar (speculative) elements that are strong enough in their activities. As an effort to overcome this, the Islamic capital market institution was established. Therefore, this article aims to assess the operation of the Islamic capital market, whether it has been able to definitively eliminate the element of gharar in practice in the field, as well as how the mechanism is carried out for this purpose. This article is a normative juridical study using a historical and philosophical approach. The main analysis tool used is the maqashid sharia theory. From the study conducted, it can be concluded that the establishment of the Islamic capital market has shown significant efforts in removing the element of gharar in its operations. This is done by the mechanism that all securities entering the Islamic capital market flow through strict Islamic Sharia JII selection (Jakarta Islamic Index). In addition, the establishment of the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) renamed the Indonesian Syariah Stock Index (ISSI) also helped to operate in the Islamic capital market. This institution is a prerequisite for Islamic securities with a main business that does not conflict with Islamic law, as stated in the DSN fatwa. In practice, various special instruments are also provided, including Islamic stocks, Islamic mutual funds, Islamic bonds (sukuk) which are an integral part of capital market transactions. Thus, the Islamic capital market gives a sense of security and certainty in conducting transactions in accordance with sharia practices, and avoiding speculative elements.Keywords : Islamic Capital Market, Islamic Law, Maqoshid sharia

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEBERHASILAN USAHATANI JAMBU METE DI SULAWESI TENGGARA

<p>Metode AHP (analytical hierarchy process) digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan usahatani jambu mete. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara secara mendalam dengan para ahli mete dan melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan petani jambu mete di empat desa dalam dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Kendari dan di empat desa dalam dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2002. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada 12 faktor penentu yaitu modal, tenaga kerja, sarana produksi, lahan, teknologi, managerial, lembaga pemasaran, transportasi, informasi pemasaran, kelompok tani, penyuluh dan lembaga keuangan. Empat faktor, yaitu tenaga kerja, sarana produksi, lembaga pemasaran dan transportasi bcrada dalam kondisi dapat diterima. Tiga faktor yaitu modal, lahan dan kelompok tani bcrada dalam kondisi sangat buruk, sedangkan lima faktor lainnya berada dalam kondisi buruk. Dilihat dari nilai kcpentingannya, tiga faktor yaitu modal yang kondisinya sangat buruk, teknologi dan informasi pemasaran yang kondisinya buruk, memiliki tingkat kepentingan yang tinggi. Ha] ini menunjukkan pioritas pembenahan usahatani jambu mete harus diarahkan pada ketiga faktor tersebut.</p><p>Kata kunci: Anacardium occidentale L, usahatani, faktor penentu</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT </strong></p><p><strong>Analysis of determinant factors in cashew farming performance in Southeast Sulawesi</strong></p><p>Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was applied to analyze determinant factors in cashew farming performance. Data were collected through indepth interview with cashew experts and through structured interview with cashew farmers in four villages in two districts in Kendari Regency and in four villages in two districts in Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi in May 2002. The results showed that there were 12 determinant factors, i.e. the availability of capital, labour, input production, land condition, technology, managerial, market institution, transportation, market information, farmers institution, farming instructor, and financial institution. Four factors, labour, input production, transportation and market institution are in fair condition. Three factors, capital, land and fanners institution were in very poor condition. And the rest ive factors were in poor condition. The effort to increase the cashew farming performance has to be focused on capital, technology and market information factors which are in poor or very poor conditions and are crucial determinants.</p><p>Key words: Anacardium occidentale L, farming, determinant factors</p>

Studi Literatur Riset Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam dalam Jurnal Terindeks Scopus Q1

This study tries to review the research around Islamic economics and finance on reputable journal. It uses descriptive statistical analysis based on selected 177 article publications or paper related to Islamic economics and finance, with international journal indexed by scopus Q1. The entire sample journal publications have published for five years from 2014 to 2018. The results show that Islamic economics and finance research is still dominated by Islamic banks issues (42%), followed by Islamic capital market issues (31%), then Islamic accounting (9%), Islamic business and marketing (7%), Islamic monetary (4%), and other Islamic economics and finance issues (7%), like takaful, microfinance, halal industry, waqf and economic of hajj. In addition, the average time of journal publication is between 9 and 10 months. There are at least 20 Q1 scopus journals that publish Islamic economics and finance articles and the most research with Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Journal of International Financial Market, Institution & Money, and Journal of Business Ethics. Furthermore, the comparison of quantitative research (84%) is still more than the qualitative approach (16%).

THE OFFSHORE IMPLANTATION INTO RUSSIAN ECONOMY, TRAJECTORY OF EVOLUTION

The research idea is analysis of the offshoring process affect upon Russian economy. The comparative and historic based approach permits to clear up particular features of the offshore implantation in the Russian market infrastructure. As a result the offshore evolution shaping stages are clarified. The special attention is attached to initial stage. On the author’s opinion, given the 90-th economic, political, law reality this stage has a key importance setting the following institution trajectory. In conclusion the Lock-in effect results on one side the fast Russian economy integration in the world economy; on the other side it hampers the other market institution shaping.