The Consequence of the Legal Application of Forest Area Defense Principles and Approval Principles

Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation is believed to be able to save Indonesia because it is considered to be able to create jobs, assist small business actors, streamline regulations in terms of numbers and simplify regulations to make them more targeted. On the other hand, the job creation law is considered to be detrimental to many groups, such as workers such as laborers, fishermen, and farmers who are also considered to only provide benefits to entrepreneurs. Law Number 11 of 2020 with new rules and amendments to Article 18 and Article 19 of Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry. In Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry, it is regulated that changes in the allocation and function of forest areas are determined by the Government based on the results of integrated research. Second, the area offorest that must be maintained is at least 30% (percent) of the area of river watersheds and/or islands with a proportional distribution. However, in the Job Creation Law the minimum figure of 30% (thirty percent) is no longer mentioned in the amendment article and the abolition of provisions related to the DPR’s authority in giving approval for the transfer of functions/changes in forest areas. This paper aims to find out the principles that have been violated and the legal consequences of applying the article. The research method used in this research is the type of normative legal research. The results of this study indicate that there are deviations from the land principle and the principle of consent which can cause the norms contained in Article 18 paragraph (2) and Article 19 paragraph (2) of Law Number 11 of 2020 to be less enforceable. The abolition of the minimum area of forest area and the abolition of the DPR’s authority to approve the transfer of functions/changes to forest areas, will have the potential to provide greater opportunities for deforestation.

Application of the Hardy-Weinberg law in the theory of social management

Introduction. Currently, the number of functions performed by humans is gradually decreasing. Anthropotechnosis is a system of relations, which is aimed at the production of objects of technology, and not at the reproduction of a person. Due to the unity of the laws of developing goal-oriented systems of activity, the laws that work in describing biological and social systems can be extended to anthropotechnocenoses. Materials and methods. A mathematical model of the Hardy-Weinberg law is used, which is implemented in biology to describe the crossing of individuals of two different species. Results. As the proportion of objects of technology increases (the formation of the anthropotechnocenosis), the proportion of social units decreases, and the frequency of interaction between them increases. The drop in the frequency of interaction is due to the fact that the number and role composition of the subjects of the relationship “human-object of technology” changes. There is a gradual transfer of functions to objects of technology that were previously performed by a person. In the “ideal case”, technology completely replaces a person. The model points to a very clear reason for the cyclical nature: the development of human ↔ operator relations. Discussion. The Hardy-Weinberg law, adapted to the description of anthropotechnocenoses, allows rethinking the dynamics of Kondratyev’s cycles through the interaction of people and objects of technology. The obtained results can be used to receive basic data for a new scientific discipline – anthropotechnosociology.

Evaluasi Kebijakan Spasial Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan di Kecamatan Kaliwungu Kabupaten Kendal

This article aims to evaluate the policy of protecting sustainable food agriculture in Kaliwungu District, Kendal Regency. Kaliwungu Subdistrict was chosen as the research location, because the rate of conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural functions was the highest. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The data analysis technique used is the results of the GIS (Geographic Information System) analysis to view the land use map from 2011-2017, which will then be analyzed and evaluated the policy of protecting sustainable agricultural land for food, with observational data and documentation. The results showed that there was a change in land use in Kaliwungu District from 2011-2017 amounting to 166.06 Ha. Evaluation of policies for the protection of sustainable food agriculture land in Kaliwungu District, shows that there is a difference in the distribution of the designation of sustainable food agriculture between the Kendal Regency Regional Regulation Number 13 of 2013 and the Kendal Regency Regional Regulation Number 20 of 2011, while the development, research, utilization, guidance, control, transfer of functions, information systems, protection and empowerment of farmers, financing, community participation and supervision in the framework of protecting sustainable agricultural food land have not been implemented. Researchers recommend that the socialization, cooperation between agencies and the implementation of activities to protect sustainable agricultural land should be carried out quickly, carefully and precisely in order to achieve food security in Kaliwungu District in particular and Indonesia in general.

Optimasi Pemanfaatan Lahan untuk Peningkatan Produksi Padi di Kalimantan Selatan

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong>. <span>Masalah penyediaan beras dihadapkan pada ketersediaan, alih fungsi, dan kompetisi pemanfaatan lahan, degradasi kesuburan tanah dan kerusakan infrastruktur pertanian, menurunnya jumlah keluarga tani dan gangguan organisme pengganggu t</span><span lang="IN">umbuhan</span><span> (OPT), tata ruang pertanian, jumlah penduduk dan kebutuhan konsumsi individu meningkat, dan efisiensi konsumsi. Kalimantan Selatan dalam perberasan nasional menduduki ranking 12 dari 34 provinsi. Meski produksi beras nasional pada tahun 2019 lebih rendah dari tahun 2018, tetapi Kalsel termasuk 8 provinsi yang mengalami kenaikan dan surplus sebesar 306.621 ton atau sekitar 63,37%. Peningkatan produksi padi di Kalimantan Selatan dapat dilakukan melalui optimasi pemanfaatan lahan sawah irigasi, lahan tadah hujan, lahan kering, lahan rawa pasang surut, dan lahan rawa lebak serta lahan yang tidak digunakan. Optimasi pemanfaatan lahan untuk peningkatan produksi padi dan perbaikan ranking Kalsel dalam perberasan nasional melalui peningkatan IP di daerah yang berpotensi ditingkatkan IP-nya dengan persyaratan tertentu, peningkatan produktivitas dengan perlakuan khusus di daerah tertentu, perluasan tanam di daerah-daerah yang potensial untuk dibuka sebagai sawah baru, dan tumpangsari dengan tanaman perkebunan, yang didukung oleh kebijakan inventarisasi kondisi eksisting lahan pertanian, optimasi dan revitalisasi infrastruktur pengelolaan air, optimasi penggunaan alsintan, pengamanan panen, konsolidasi manajemen pemanfaatan lahan, perbaikan kelembagaan pertanian dan petani, dan penyusunan tata ruang pertanian</span>.</p><p><em>Abstact. <em><span lang="IN">Problems with rice supply are faced with responsibilities, transfer of functions, and competition for land use, degradation of soil fertility and damage to agricultural infrastructure, number of farming families and policies on excavation of plants), agricultural spatial planning, population and individual consumption needs, and consumption efficiency. South Kalimantan is ranked 12th out of 34 provinces in the national rice stock. Although the national rice production in 2019 is lower than in 2018, South Kalimantan is included in 8 provinces which added and a surplus of 306,621 tons or around 63.37%. Increased rice production in South Kalimantan can be done through the optimization of the use of paddy fields, rainfed land, dry land, tidal swamp land, and swamp land and land that is not used. Improve rankings to increase production and improve South Kalimantan's ranking in national rice through increasing IPs in regions that have improved IPs with special requirements, increasing productivity with special assistance in certain areas, increasing planting in areas that have the potential to be changed as new rice fields, and intercropping with plantation crops, supported by policies inventory of existing conditions of agricultural land, optimization and revitalization of water management infrastructure, optimizing the use of agricultural machinery, securing the harvest, investment in land use management, improving agricultural and farmer safety, and preparation of agricultural spatial plannin</span></em></em><em>g.</em></p>

From the European Stability Mechanism to the European Monetary Fund: There and Back Again

In December 2018, the Euro Summit endorsed the Term Sheet on the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) reform prepared by the Eurogroup. In this context, the Euro Summit did not acknowledge the proposal of the European Commission to transform the ESM into the European Monetary Fund (EMF), but simply gave the Eurogroup a mandate to draft the relevant amendments to the ESM Treaty and submit them to the European Council of June 2019. Nonetheless, the justifications for the incorporation of the ESM into the body of the European Treaties continue to be valid and may come back into play. In this respect, it is worth highlighting two flaws that have emerged in the proposed transformation of the ESM into the EMF. First, the ESM Treaty does not contain any rule about extinction and transfer of functions. Second, the Commission’s proposal did not clarify what status the EMF would have enjoyed in the EU legal framework.

The Role of the Notary/PPAT in Process Transfer of Land Functions From Agricultural Land Into Non-Agricultural Land in Demak District Land Office

The purpose of this study is as follows: 1) To determine the role of the Notary PPAT in the process of the transfer function of soil from agricultural to non-agricultural land in the District Land Office Demak.2) To know the obstacles in the process of soil functions from agriculture to non-agricultural land in the Land Office District Demak.3) .To find out a solution to the obstacles in the process of the transfer function of soil from agricultural to non-agricultural land in Demak District land Office.Methods using sociological juridical approach, Research Specs, Types and Sources of Data, Data Collection Methods, Technical Analysis.Based on the results of the study concluded that the procedure of land transfer function of agriculture to non-agricultural land in the National Land Office Demak, do the applicant by way of location permits, licenses and land use permits land use changes. Factors to be an obstacle in the procedure of the transfer function of the land from agricultural land to non-agricultural in the Office of the National Land Demak and how to overcome among others: the permissions that are not in accordance with the plan of spatial Demak, settlement efforts in addressing licensing should be transparent and in accordance with the regional spatial plan Demak. Suggestions Should the Office of the National Land Demak apply policy rules corresponding spatial Demak district in order to avoid the equalizing impact of underdevelopment in the region of Demak, therefore the application mechanism location permits, permit the use of land and permission changes in land use were tightened in order transition of agricultural land into non-agricultural destructive to the environment of Demak.Keywords: Notary / PPAT, Transfer of Functions Land, Agricultural Land to Non-Agricultural.

PRACTICE OF CURRENCY CONTROL CARRIED OUT BY CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article deals with the direction of currency control carried out by the FCS of Russia. The authors analyzed the directions of the currency control carried out by the FCS of Russia. The article presents an analysis of changes of the functions and powers that the FCS of Russia has in exercising such control in connection with the transfer of functions of the currency control authority to this service, as well as with the adoption of changes to the Federal Law 173-FZ, dated 10 Dec. 2003, «On Currency Regulation and Currency control». The results of checks of compliance with currency legislation conducted by the FCS of Russia for the period from 2010 to 2017 were analyzed. Conclusions about the structure of violations of currency legislation for the period 2014-2017 were made. It was concluded about the change in 2016 of the trend of the predominance of violations related to the failure by the resident of the duty to repatriate the currency of theRussian Federationor foreign currency over the violations related to non-compliance with the procedure for submission of forms of accounting and reporting on currency transactions. The analysis of changes in legislation on currency control in the submission of forms of accounting and reporting was carried out. The problems of the customs authorities arising during the currency control, particularly the problems of the existence of oneday firms, were identified, the areas of activity of the FCS of Russia that promote prevent the activities of one-day firms were examined.

Identifikasi Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian dan Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa Karangwidoro Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Malang

Land is a strategic resource that has value economically. Currently, the amount of agricultural land annually continues to decrease. The reduced number of agricultural land is the result of an increase in the number and activity of the population and development activities. The research method used in this research is qualitative. This study attempts to examine the conversion of agricultural land and its impact on the socio-economic conditions of the communities of Karangwidoro Village. Based on the results of the research note that land transfer function in Karangwidoro Village including the type of massive transfer of functions. Almost all kawsan Karangwidoro village is now a settlement, whereas previously a farming area. The area of land that has been transformed into housing from 2003 to 2017 is approximately 193 hectares. As a result of the conversion of agricultural land into housing makes the people of Karangwidoro Village experiencing the transition of livelihood or commonly referred to as economic transformation.Keywords: Land Functionality Transfer, Agriculture, Social, Karangwidoro Abstrak Tanah merupakan sumberdaya strategis yang memiliki nilai secara ekonomis. Saat ini, jumlah luasan tanah pertanian tiap tahunnya terus mengalami pengurangan. Berkurangnya jumlah lahan pertanian ini merupakan akibat dari adanya peningkatan jumlah dan aktivitas penduduk serta aktivitas pembangunan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengkaji alih fungsi lahan pertanian dan dampaknya terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi masayarakat Desa Karangwidoro. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Alih fungsi lahan di Desa Karangwidoro termasuk jenis alih fungsi yang masif. Hampir seluruh kawsan Desa Karangwidoro saat ini menjadi pemukiman, padahal sebelumnya merupakan kawasan pertanian. Luas lahan yang berubah menjadi perumahan sejak 2003 hingga 2017 kurang lebih sekitar 193 hektar. Akibat alih fungsi lahan pertanian menjadi perumahan menjadikan masyarakat Desa Karangwidoro mengalami peralihan mata pencaharian atau biasa disebut dengan istilah transformasi ekonomi.Kata kunci: Alih Fungsi Lahan, Pertanian, Sosial, Karangwidoro