Socialization Skills & Family Types: A Report in Three Jamaican Communities Among Young Adults

A child's learning and socialization are most influenced by their family since the family is the child's primary social group. Ultimately, the family will be responsible for shaping a child and developing their values, skills, socialization, and security. This research paper sheds light on the problem in the society that socialization among adults become difficult based on their social background. The research was conducted on two types of families nuclear and single-parent and the impact of these families on the social development of children. The families were selected from three local communities in the parish of Clarendon and Manchester (Rocky Point, Chantilly, and Palmers Cross). The people taken in consideration for this research are of age group 18-35 years old. The basic aim of this research was a statistical analysis on how the economic conditions and home environment contributes to the participant’s socialization behaviors. The research shows how socialization and challenges varies among the families, and how a stable family where both parents are present and resources are readily available, plays a vital in a child’s social development.

The Effects of DNA Databases on the Deterrence and Detection of Offenders

This paper studies the effects of adding criminal offenders to a DNA database. Using a large expansion of Denmark’s DNA database, we find that DNA registration reduces recidivism within the following year by up to 42 percent. It also increases the probability that offenders are identified if they recidivate, which we use to estimate the elasticity of crime with respect to the detection probability and find that a 1 percent higher detection probability reduces crime by more than 2 percent. We also find that DNA registration increases the likelihood that offenders find employment, enroll in education, and live in a more stable family environment. (JEL J22, J24, K42)

Intrinsic characterizations of C-realcompact spaces

<pre>c-realcompact spaces are introduced by Karamzadeh and Keshtkar in Quaest. Math. 41, no. 8 (2018), 1135-1167. We offer a characterization of these spaces X via c-stable family of closed sets in X by showing that X is c-realcompact if and only if each c-stable family of closed sets in X with finite intersection property has nonempty intersection. This last condition which makes sense for an arbitrary topological space can be taken as an alternative definition of a c-realcompact space. We show that each topological space can be extended as a dense subspace to a c-realcompact space with some desired extension properties. An allied class of spaces viz CP-compact spaces akin to that of c-realcompact spaces are introduced. The paper ends after examining how far a known class of c-realcompact spaces could be realized as CP-compact for appropriately chosen ideal P of closed sets in X.</pre>

The effect of consolidated periods in heterogeneous lot-sizing games

We consider a cooperative game defined by an economic lot-sizing problem with heterogeneous costs over a finite time horizon, in which each firm faces demand for a single product in each period and coalitions can pool orders. The model of cooperation works as follows: ordering channels and holding and backlogging technologies are shared among the members of the coalitions. This implies that each firm uses the best ordering channel and holding technology provided by the participants in the consortium. That is, they produce, hold inventory, pay backlogged demand and make orders at the minimum cost of the coalition members. Thus, firms aim at satisfying their demand over the planing horizon with minimal operation cost. Our contribution is to show that there exist fair allocations of the overall operation cost among the firms so that no group of agents profit from leaving the consortium. Then we propose a parametric family of cost allocations and provide sufficient conditions for this to be a stable family against coalitional defections of firms. Finally, we focus on those periods of the time horizon that are consolidated and we analyze their effect on the stability of cost allocations.

PARENTING PLANS IN TERMS OF THE CHILDREN’S ACT: SERVING THE BEST INTERESTS OF THE PARENT OR THE CHILD?

The Children’s Act 38 of 2005 provides the legal basis for the reshaping of the exercise of parental responsibilities and rights. In previous case law the custody of a child was assigned to the parent who had been the primary caretaker during the subsistence of the marriage relationship, although the overriding factor remained the best interests of the child. This model has proved to be insufficient in order to promote the need for a child to be brought up in a stable family environment or, where this is not possible, in an environment that is as close as possible to a caring family environment; including the child’s right to maintain close contact with both parents. Facing this shortfall, the legislature adopted a “parenting-plan” model in terms of the Children’s Act, which attempts to help parents to set aside their differences and work out a plan which is in their child’s best interests. The parenting plan further attempts to help parents in exercising their parental responsibilities and rights over their children. The purpose of this article is to analyse this legal solution in an effort to ascertain whether it really promotes the best interests of the child, namely, promoting his/her right of growing up in a close relationship with both parents.

“She Set Me Writing My First Play”

Chapter 1 recovers the importance of Laura Armstrong to Yeats’s beginnings as a poet and dramatist. In his relationship with Armstrong, Yeats begins the pattern of needing a challenging woman to start writing and to imagine himself in the role of playwright. The tensions between the two in terms of class and power—Armstrong came from a more financially stable family—and the approaching date of Armstrong’s wedding to another gave rise to the now familiar death wish in Yeats’s work for her. Yeats wrote out his anxieties about his parents’ marriage, his mother’s illness and depression, and his insecurities in the face of Armstrong’s high-handedness in the creation of these early plays, and his work for Armstrong stands as an important precursor for his lifetime of fruitful writing out for women; Armstrong began the patterns that Yeats would follow in his years of work for Maud Gonne

Swiss Brethren and Dutch Mennonites

Severe persecution and frequent migration threatened the survival of various Anabaptist groups and their leaders who lacked a salary or benefits, unlike magisterial Protestant reformers or Catholic clergy. Voluntary leaders like Menno Simons had to sacrifice a stable family life because of traveling visitations and forced migrations. Considered outlaws in most places, Anabaptists could not rely on any state support. The forms of poor relief among Swiss Brethren (including south German and Austrian Anabaptists) and Dutch Mennonites emerged out of a biblical rationale that the church of true believers practiced mutual aid out of love and obedience to Christ’s precepts and example. Anabaptist leaders relied a great deal on the networks of scattered Anabaptist communities, even though any aid to wanted Anabaptist fugitives could lead to criminal punishment. Mutual aid became a defining characteristic of the Anabaptists as a clear sign of faith and good works.

Qualitative analysis of a mathematical model of divorce epidemic with anti-divorce therapy

Marriage is the living together of two persons as husband and wife. Separation and Divorce are the frontier challenges facing the existence of stable family system. In this paper, we construct an epidemiological model of divorce epidemic using standard incidence function as force of marital disunity. The study examines qualitatively that the two equilibra (divorce-free and endemic equilibrium point) are globally stable by Lyapunov functions. Numerical results reveal that, anti-divorce protocols and reconciliation can jointly stabilize marriages, and Married cases that survive divorce epidemic in 30 years period of marriage (twice the survival period of separation) cannot break again.

Offspring and adult chemosensory recognition by an amphisbaenian reptile may allow maintaining familiar links in the fossorial environment

Kin recognition is a phenomenon with an important function in maintaining cohesive social groups in animals. Several studies have examined parent–offspring recognition in species with direct parental care. Few studies have, however, explored parent–offspring recognition in animals that, at best, only show apparent indirect parental care, such as some reptiles. In this study, we investigated reciprocal parent–offspring recognition in the fossorial amphisbaenian Trogonophis wiegmanni, a viviparous species that shows potential stable ‘family groups’ in the form of parent-offspring long-term associations. We examined whether adult males and females could discriminate via chemical cues between familiar juveniles which associate with them within their family groups, and are potentially their offspring, to that of unfamiliar juveniles, and whether juveniles could discriminate between familiar adult males and females of their family group (probably their parents) and unfamiliar unrelated adults. We measured tongue flick behavior to study chemosensory responses to the scent of conspecifics. We found that adult female amphisbaenians, but not males, could discriminate between scents of familiar and unfamiliar juveniles. Juvenile amphisbaenians did not discriminate between familiar and unfamiliar adult females, but recognize familiar from unfamiliar males. We discuss our results of parent–offspring recognition according to its potential social function in an ecological fossorial context where visibility is limited and chemosensory kin recognition may contribute to the establishment of stable family groups.

“About an orphan soldier”: the motive of orphanhood in V. Astafyev’s stories at the turn of 1950s–1960s

We analyze the process of appearance and approval of orphanhood motive in V. Astafyev’s work. We substantiate its connection with autobiographical episodes from the prosaist’s life. The purpose of work: to prove the idea of origin and institutionalization in V. Astafyev’s prose of a character’s special type through emphasizing the motive of orphanhood. The relevance of the study is due to the inexhaustible interest in the prosaist’s unique work on the part of criticism, literary studies, reading community. Based on the stories material of the turn of 1950–1960s (“Pass”, “Starodub”, “Starfall”, “Theft”, “Last Tribute”) we establish the typological similarity of Astafyev’s characters both among themselves and with the characters of Russian literature classics (N.M. Karamzin, A.I. Kuprin, M.M. Prishvin). We argue the idea of fundamental commonality of Astafyev’s character-orphan with the type of “natural”, “untutored” person. We express and prove the assumption that this community, among other things, is the result of V. Astafyev’s reflections on the social and ethical problems that concern him: the spiritual and moral loneliness of a modern person, the loss of ethical and social ties between generations, a consumer attitude to nature, a separation from origins. We find a deep connection between the actualization of the orphanhood topic in the prosaist’s work and the large-scale social cataclysms of the twentieth century (military conflicts, socio-political upheavals, urbanization, disintegration of the traditional village, corrosion of once stable family values).