Development and Validity Test of Social Attachment Multidimensional Scale

Social attachment can explain well the bond between users and social media, but existing research lacks measures of social attachment scales. To this end, this study takes attachment theory as the basis for scale development. On the basis of the development of multidimensional scales for adult, brand, and local attachment, it combines existing relevant studies on social attachment, selects three representative social media such as TikTok, WeChat, and MicroBlog as theoretical samples, explores the concept and structure of social attachment, and develops a social attachment scale through qualitative interviews and open-ended questionnaires. This study applied SPSS 24.0 and Mplus 7.0 to test the social attachment scale. The findings reveal that social attachment consists of three constructs: social connection, social dependence and social identity, and the scale possesses high reliability and validity. This study has developed and validated a social attachment scale in the context of social software use, realizing a quantitative study of social attachment and providing a basis for future empirical research related to social attachment.

Social Dependency: the Values of Collectors, Fishing Logics and the Economics of Gift

The phenomenon of social dependence is considered as a phenomenon that accompanied the life of society at all times. On the basis of analysis of the theoretical resources and empirical studies, a parallelism of dependency strategies is carried out. The evolution of the moral and ethical values of human communities is analyzed through the works of K. Polanya, I. Morris, T. Shanin and others. The convergence of systems of moral and ethical values of prehistoric, non-historical society and modern societies is described. Dependency is considered as fishing, intermediate equipment and gift economics. A unique phenomenon is being studied, which is practically not reflected in the information field, does not find direct accounting in official statistics, however, is well-known in Russian everyday life — «garage-owners». Based on a deep theoretical analysis, it is concluded that the practices of dependency are characterized by a certain form of extremely archaic egalitarianism, and the convergence of the values of collectors and members of post-industrial communities is expressed in fishing, that is, in essence assigning logics to economic practices of our time. The theoretical constructions of the modern topical studies resonate with the empirical studies, both of the garage socio-economic structure and the practices of social dependence. The conceptual approaches discussed in the article have the potential to study various socially negative phenomena of the modern society.

Friendship Online

The online social revolution has seen the pursuit of friendship online become core business of the internet and part of the friendships and social lives of most of us. This chapter provides an overview of the burgeoning contemporary research concerning online friendship and of the main themes, since Aristotle, on the nature and value of friendship. It also aims to provide some substantial fresh research for future analyses. It argues that the pursuit of friendship relies heavily upon the rich, face-to-face dynamic of plural modes of self-expression and communication that we have engaged in for thousands of years. Our social media platforms, such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, flatline much of this territory, and as a result much of the moral universe that we have built upon it is lost or distorted online. The chapter concludes by suggesting that we need to better understand this social dependence of our values and valuing, both to improve the value-sensitive design of life online, and, where this social dependence cannot be well captured, to also improve our engagement in our traditional worlds and so help get us offline.

ELDERLY RUSSIANS AS SUBJECTS OF SOCIAL DEPENDENCY PRACTICES: ASSESSMENT AND CHARACTERISTIC OF INVOLVEMENT

Широкое распространение практик социального иждивенчества в современной России представляет собой как проблему функционирования социозащитной сферы, так и исследовательский вопрос, который пока изучен недостаточно. Статья посвящена рассмотрению различных аспектов вовлеченности в практики социального иждивенчества представителей одной из категории населения - пожилых граждан. Представлены результаты эмпирического исследования социального иждивенчества, на основе которых доказано, что степень вовлеченности в иждивенческие практики пожилых людей невысока по сравнению с представителями других социально-демографических категорий населения. Опровергнута высказанная экспертами в ходе исследования гипотеза обусловленности проявлений социального иждивенчества в среде пожилых патернализмом советского периода. Выявлена закономерность нарастания негативного отношения граждан к проявлениям социального иждивенчества с увеличением их возраста. The widespread practice of social dependence in modern Russia is both a problem of the functioning of the field of social security and a research issue that has not yet been studied enough. The article is devoted to the consideration of various aspects of the involvement in the practice of social dependence of representatives of one of the categories of the population - senior citizens. The results of an empirical study of social dependence are presented, on the basis of which it is proved that the degree of involvement in dependent practices of older people is low compared to representatives of other socio-demographic categories of the population. The hypothesis of the conditionality of manifestations of social dependence among the elderly by paternalism of the Soviet period was refuted by experts during the study. The pattern of increasing negative attitude of citizens to manifestations of social dependence with an increase in their age has been revealed.

PENERAPAN PANCASILA PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

Regarding Pancasila Values ​​in the Islamic View, the first and second precepts constitute the Metaphysical Fundation, the third and fourth precepts constitute the Instrumental Fundation, and the fifth precepts constitute justice. Therefore we must do: mahasabah (evaluation), murakabah (guarding / supervising), and muhawalah (getting around) Islam as a religion that upholds egalitarianism, which is an open concept of solidarity and social dependence (ta`awun). Islam recognizes the right of all humans to live properly in terms of health, clothing, food, housing and social efforts that are needed regardless of differences in background. Islam also emphasizes the right of everyone to social security at the time of unemployment, illness, disability, widow / widower, elderly or disadvantaged. This standard of living is only possible in a healthy social order, where individuals with individuals, individuals with groups, and groups with groups maintain strong social relations. This has become the spirit of Islam in being responsible and sacrificing one another in order to create a community that shares, helps and helps each other. The piety of the faithful as slaves to Allah (‘abd Allah) boils down to a direct impact on piety in social-horizontal relations. These two aspects characterize the balance of Islamic teachings. Therefore, what should be our thoughts together is that the values ​​of Pancasila are substantially not in conflict with or even in accordance with Islam.

Statistical Analysis of Facts of Manifesting Social Dependence and Parasitism

The article brings forth an analysis of statistical data that indicate, directly or indirectly, to the facts of manifestation of social dependence or parasitism. It denotes the essence and difference of notions «social dependence» and «social parasitism». It enumerates the categories of population potentially inclined to practices of social dependence / parasitism. The article presents a classification of basic statistical indicators of social dependence and / or parasitism. It reflects the statistical data on the character of behavioral strategies on part of pensioner, the disabled, migrants, persons of children-orphan category, as well as the social groups with deviant behavior. It identifies the tendencies of developing social dependence / parasitism among people of Irkutsk Oblast. The article specifies the problem of complexity or impossibility of assessing the manifestation scales for variouos forms of social dependence / parasitism. It substantiates the role of qualitative (including sociological) methods of measuring the sizes of social dependence and parasitism.

The Influence of Social Support on College Students’ Mobile Phone Dependence: The Mediating Role of Security

In order to further study the current situation and relationship of college students’ mobile phone dependence, social support and sense of security, a questionnaire survey was performed on 409 college students using the college students' mobile phone addiction tendency scale, social support assessment scale and sense of safety scale. The results showed that: (1) 40.24% of college students are moderate of mobile phone dependence, and 5.75% of college students had serious problem of mobile phone dependence; the social support and sense of security of college students were at the upper-middle level; there is no gender difference，no one child difference and no love difference of mobile phone dependence in college students; there is grade difference of mood change; (2) The social support and sense of security of people with high phone dependence are significantly lower than those with low phones Dependence; (3) Social dependence and sense of security have significant negative correlations and negative predictive effects on mobile phone dependence; (4) Security sense has a full mediating role between social support and mobile phone dependence, thus enhancing social support and the sense of security of college students can effectively improve their mobile phone dependence.

FACTS AND ARTEFACTS OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN UKRAINE

The article looks at the psychological conditions in which a modern person can rightly exercise their right to religious freedom and the preconditions for their involvement with the totalitarian (destructive) religious cults. The central issues of the article are as follows: the concept of spiritual need as a socially recognized psychic norm; the phenomenon of psychotherapeutic potential of the religious community; religiosity and spirituality. It has been proved that personality maturity is the precondition and the basis for healthy spirituality. A marked artefact of religious freedom in Ukraine is individuals’ involvement with destructive cults, which may lead to psychic and social dependence. Also the article presents the results of an empirical research involving a mass psychosemantic survey carried out in order to find how this religious problem is reflected in the mass consciousness of Ukrainians and in-depth interviews with people who have experienced psychic dependence on the cult.