UTERINE LIPOLEIOMYOMA: A RARE CASE REPORT

Lipoleiomyoma is a rare, benign lipoid tumor of the uterus. Histologically, these tumors are composed of variable amount of smooth muscles with lobules of adipocytes separated by thin brous tissue. They primarily occur in obese postmenopausal women and often remain asymptomatic. Imaging plays a crucial role in determining the intrauterine location along with the fatty component of these tumors. Treatment of these tumors depends on the extent and severity of the patient's symptoms. Hereby, we report a case of lipoleiomyoma in a 51-year-old woman with brief review of literature

A PUZZLING HEPATIC TUMOR: EPITHELIOID ANGIOMYOLIPOMA WITH A MINOR ADIPOCYTIC COMPONENT

Hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipomas are uncommon mesenchymal neoplasms. They are difficult to diagnose by imaging, especially when the fatty component is scant or absent. The gold standard for the diagnosis is histologic examination coupled with an immunohistochemical study. Positive HMB-45 immunostaining of the myoid cells is a major diagnostic feature.

Optimization of protein-lipid comlex by its fatty acid and vitamin composition

The polycomponent protein-lipid compositions are traditionally used in minced meat products to regulate nutritional value, functional, technological and organoleptic characteristics of the finished product. The present article presents the results of research aimed to creation of antioxidant-enriched protein-lipid complex (PLC) with the optimal ratio ω3: ω6 of PUFA. The ratio of lipid component was optimized by linear programming method, where the recommended ratio of ω-6: ω-3 of PUFA as 10: 1 was used as term of limitation. In result of calculations the fatty component was obtained by blending of rendered beef fat with soybean oil and sunflower oil in the following ratio: rendered beef fat — 73%, sunflower oil — 15%, soybean oil — 12%. After that the PLC formulation was optimized by research of influence of the introduced protein complex in amount from 4% to 10% and the fatty component in amount from 40% to 43% on index of shear stress of the PLC. The introduced amount of protein, fat and water is taken in ratio 1:(4–7):(4–7) commonly used in the meat processing industry to form the functional and technological characteristics of the minced meat. In result of experiments the following PLC formulation was adopted, which provides the necessary stable consistency of the mixture: protein complex — 9%, fatty component — 42%, water — 49%. To enrich meat products with vitamins and antioxidants it is proposed to include into PLC an extract obtained with microwave field 800 W from the Daurian rosehips which grows in the Far East region. The obtained PLC has a high water-retaining capacity; it remains stable while heating and it can be stored for five days without any visible signs of deterioration, as the peroxide value remains within the permissible limits. PLC features optimal ratio of ω-6: ω-3 of PUFA, equal to 10:1, and a high value of the total antioxidants equal to 5.4 mg/g.

Anti-Cancer and Cardiovascular Properties of Phenolic Compounds Present in Virgin Olive Oil

Cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Furthermore, current cardiovascular and cancer therapy is accompanied by various side effects, which considerably reduce the quality of life. Epidemiological studies suggest that the Mediterranean diet has been related to a lower risk of non-communicable diseases such as CVD and cancer. This lower incidence has been partially attributed to the regular intake of virgin olive oil (VOO) which is the main fatty component of the traditional Mediterranean die. In addition to monounsaturated fatty acid, VOO contains various phenolic compounds, which have shown a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties due to their antioxidant activity. This chapter summarizes current knowledge on the effects of the main phenolic compounds isolated from VOO on different cancers and CVD as well as the plausible action mechanisms involved.

Trigeminal Nerve Choristoma- A Rare Case Report

Choristomas are normal tissue in an abnormal location and are classified based on their predominant epithelial lining. They may contain fibrous tissue, skeletal muscle fibres, and nerve fibres. Neuromuscular choristoma (benign triton tumour) is a rare tumour that involves a large nerve trunk. Involvement of the cranial nerves by this lesion is exceptional; trigeminal nerve involvement is even rarer. This is a very rare case of intracranial trigeminal nerve neuromuscular choristoma which had an associated fatty component that also got ruptured, in a 30-year-old female who presented with a headache. The clinical presentation, radiological findings, pathological diagnosis for this case are discussed along with a review of the associated literature.

Updates in processing of anterior fat pad aspirate for amyloid (with video and sketches)

Fat pad aspiration is a commonly used method for detecting amyloid in tissue. Amyloid is detected in the small blood vessels of the aspirated adipose tissue. Optimum evaluation of amyloid with electron microscopy requires at least 15 blood vessels in the fat pad aspirate. The presence of a significant proportion of adipocytes in the aspirate dilutes the fibrovascular portion. This may compromise the evaluation for amyloid with electron microscopy and in FFPE with proteomic studies by mass spectroscopy for confirmation of the amyloid subtype. This video article describes the updated protocol for processing the anterior fat pad aspirate. It demonstrates how to remove the interference of blood and fatty component in the fat pad aspirate performed by the previously reported procedure.

Adrenocortical neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential with a myelolipomatous component

Macroscopic fat inside an adrenal lesion on CT is pathognomonic for myelolipoma, a benign neoplasm. Without macroscopic fat, it can be difficult to discern the nature of an indeterminate adrenal mass on imaging. One possible diagnosis for an indeterminate lesion without macroscopic fat is an adrenal oncocytic neoplasm (AON). Despite its typical benign presentation cases of malignant AON have been reported. Patients with malignant AON are often not surgical candidates and survival for unresected disease is 20%–35%. We present the third report of an AON of uncertain malignant potential (AONUMP) associated with a macroscopic fatty component with the largest reported size and longest duration of follow-up in the literature. This report details diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by AONUMP. This case highlights how pathognomonic radiographical findings associated with benign myelolipoma might mask rare, potentially malignant, lipomatous tumours.

FEATURES OF STUDENTS’ NUTRITION AS A FACTOR INFLUENCING HEALTH

Aim. The purpose of the article is to study the frequency of consumption of certain products as a factor affecting students’ health. Materials and methods. The eating habits of 97 university students (78.35% – females, 21.65% – males, average age – 23.56 ± 0.08 years) are analyzed. We used the method of estimating the frequency of consumption of the main food groups in a diet. Results. There is a lack of meat and dairy products, which leads to a decrease in essential amino acids. The fatty component of the diet is represented by vegetable oils and butter, and basically corresponds to hygienic recommendations. There is enough sources of carbohydrates (bread, cereals, pasta) in the diet. Inadequate consumption of fresh vegetables, fruitsand nuts makes it possible to predict a deficiency of microelements, vitamins, pigments, dietary fiber and other “minor” components of nutrition. Consumption of sugar, tea and coffee should be assessed as a risk factor for health. In addition to the so-called “empty calories” it significantly increases the consumption of stimulant substances. Conclusion. Students’ nutrition should be assessed as irrational. The range of basic products is not diverse. A lack of essential nutrients can be assumed. This makes it possible to talk about nutrition as a risk factor for the development of alimentary prenosological states and requires correcting diet imbalances. The approved method can be used for screening in studies on the monitoring of public health. The content of health-improvement and disease-prevention programs must necessarily include strategies for optimizing nutrition.

Substantiation of technological approaches to creation of a functional product based on creamy pumpkin composition

Scientific research and practice show that a certain part of the population of the Russian Federation has nutritional disorders. In particular, the deficiency in β-carotene is within 20%, vitamin C - 25%, iron - 35%, zinc - 35 - 45%. The analysis found that on the basis of widespread raw materials of plant origin and, in particular, carotene-containing, it is possible and advisable to create functional products containing a complex of vitamin and mineral substances with a synergistic (strengthening) effect. At the same time, the assumption was used about the possibility and feasibility of extracting β-carotene from pumpkin pulp by the fatty component of cream with a mass fraction of fat from 10% to 20%. Taking into account this approach, a basic technological scheme for obtaining food systems enriched with β-carotene has been developed. On the basis of the cream and pumpkin composition obtained according to one of the options, the recipe for the dessert chocolate paste “Armeyskaya” was developed. The possibility and expediency of creating a mayonnaise product with a relatively high protein content, a rational ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as significant concentrations of vitamins has been substantiated. Rheological dependences and consumer properties of a mayonnaise product with a given physiological effect have been established. It was found that it contains an antioxidant complex: β-carotene + vitamin C + Zn, which has a synergistic effect. It makes it possible to recommend the product as having the effect of maintaining the activity of the cardiovascular system in accordance with the Russian national standard GOST R-54059-2010.

LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/MS/MSn Analysis Reveals Diarylheptanoids and Flavonol O-glycosides in Fresh and Roasted Hazelnut (Corylus avellana cultivar “Tonda di Giffoni”)

Hazelnut represents one of the most consumed food, containing a large range of bioactive and health-promoting compounds. Investigation of the fatty component of C. avellana nut has been widely carried out, but little is known about its phenolic content. In order to achieve deeper insight into the polar fraction of the n-butanol extracts of both fresh and roasted kernels of C. avellana cultivar, “Tonda di Giffoni” a PGI (Protected Geographical Indication) product of Campania region (Italy), a phytochemical investigation was carried out. High performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization, multiple-stage linear ion-trap and orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/MS/MSn) profile of the fresh and roasted hazelnut led to the identification of eleven phenolic compounds corresponding to diarylheptanoid derivatives, flavonoid O-glycosides and ellagic acid. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of isolated compounds was evaluated by TEAC assay which showed that ellagic acid and flavonoid derivatives possessed the highest free-radical-scavenging activity.