Evaluating Aged Consumers Insight Regarding Modern Medicine and Traditional Medicine

The term traditional medicine is used to explain the traditional medical practice that has been in existence even before the advent of modern medicine. It is widely accepted and used in the prevention and treatment of physical and mental treatment as well as a social imbalance. There seem to be limits to the development of new drugs based exclusively on modern technologies. Since the 1980s, the pharmaceutical industry has tended to use high throughput synthesis and drug development based on combinatorial chemistry in developing new drugs/medicines. However, significant efforts in this direction have not resulted in the drug's expected productivity. Some large pharmaceutical companies are facing significant challenges in developing new products. Our study was to evaluate the aged population's insight regarding traditional medicine and modern medicine. It was a prospective study with duration of three months from February 2021 to April 2021. The study was conducted in the population in and around Vijayawada. A total of 400 samples were collected. Generally, nowadays people are not aware of traditional medicines even if they are inexpensive when compared to modern drugs. So we conducted this study to know the knowledge of aged peoples on traditional medicine and to know their perception regarding both modern medicine and traditional medicine. Keywords: Traditional medicine, Modern medicine, Natural, Aged, Population.

Comparative study of thiopentone sodium, propofol, etomidate for anesthetic efficacy & effect on seizure duration in electroconvulsive therapy

Electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) is an entrenched mental treatment where seizures are electrically actuated in patients for restorative impacts. ECT can deliver extreme unsettling influences in the cardiovascular framework most generally a transient time of hypertension & changes in the pulse and a stamped increment in cerebral blood stream and intracranial weight. These hemodynamics changes might be adjusted utilizing different sedative medications. This investigation was attempted to think about the impacts of propofol, etomidate and thiopentone sodium utilized as IV sedative operators in changed ECT as respects, acceptance time & nature of sedation, adjustment of hemodynamics, seizure length & recuperation time.After authorization acquired from the moral board of trustees for the investigation, composed assent from the patient & family members was taken. This investigation was led in the division of anesthesiology at Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, which remembered a sum of 90 patients for the 18-60 years age gathering.In our current investigation, we inferred that each of the three instigating operators had sure more than each other when the examination boundaries were individualized. Propofol had the upside of stable hemodynamic boundaries, smooth enlistment & fast recuperation in contrast with etomidate & thiopentone. Nonetheless, it was related with more limited span of seizure. The benefit of thiopentone sodium of having longer seizure length than propofol of having longer seizure span was brought about at the expense of a generally delayed recuperation period. The clear bit of leeway of a more extended seizure length with etomidate could be utilized for better clinical adequacy. Notwithstanding, it was related with myoclonic jerks during the cycle of acceptance. Further examinations ought to be planned to utilize a stage & mix of medications with the goal that the most ideal impacts of each medication can be sensibly utilized.

Stress and Anxiety Levels in Pregnant and Post-Partum Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The aim of this study was to analyze stress and anxiety levels experienced by pregnant and post-partum women during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to indicate the social and medical factors that could contribute to stress and anxiety. A total of 210 patients were enrolled in the study. Two well-established test-tools were applied: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). The study revealed that the levels of stress and anxiety experienced by the surveyed patients were moderate to high. We demonstrated that women with mental treatment history, those in the first trimester of pregnancy and the ones that are single or in an informal relationship tend to experience higher levels of psychological distress and anxiety. Such factors as age, education, parity, eventful obstetric history, comorbidities, and the number of hospital stays proved to be statistically insignificant in the analysis. Our findings could be used to identify patients at greater risk of experiencing adverse mental effects and to provide them with adequate psychological support. Further multi-center studies are warranted in order to draw final conclusions.

A great race of drinkers? Irish interpretations of alcoholism and drinking stereotypes, 1945–1975

From the 1930s, psychiatrists and sociologists documented the prevalence of Irish alcohol-related psychiatric admissions in the United States. These studies seemed to suggest that the Irish, as a race, had a remarkable relationship with drink, therefore reinforcing the enduring ‘drunken Irish’ stereotype. By the 1960s, the alleged Irish susceptibility to alcoholism gained increasing attention from researchers and officials in Ireland itself. Significantly, this renewed awareness coincided with a shift in Ireland’s place on the international landscape and was intertwined with the broader social, cultural and political environment. While anxieties about the apparently rising incidence of alcoholism and alcohol-related harm were not unique to Ireland, the specific cultural meanings attached to excessive drinking in a nation internationally renowned for this problem mapped onto shifting international frameworks, informing medical perceptions and shaping policy developments. This article explores expert and official interpretations of alcoholism and the ‘drunken Irish’ stereotype from 1945 to 1975. This period saw a number of important developments, including the introduction of the Irish Mental Treatment Act of 1945, the establishment of the Irish National Council on Alcoholism in 1966 and the creation of specialist alcohol treatment facilities in several psychiatric hospitals. In the same era, the contexts for understanding problem drinking began to shift from the disease concept of alcoholism towards the public health perspective on alcohol. As will be argued, in Ireland, these frameworks were coloured by concerns that social and cultural factors were contributing to rising levels of alcohol consumption and psychiatric admissions for alcoholism.

Hubungan dukungan instrumental dengan beban pada anggota keluarga skizofrenia di Poliklinik Keperawatan Jiwa RSJ Grhasia Provinsi DIY

Schizophrenia is a set of some clinical indications shown by cognitive disorder, emotional disorder, perceptional and behavioural disorder. Schizophrenia does not only attack psychologically but also affects one’s social and economic condition. One of the social supports from family is instrumental support as economic function and health treatment given by a family member. Schizophrenia does not directly cause death, but it will make the patient unproductive and become the family burden. Family is the smallest unit of society consisting of the head of the family and some people under the same roof who depends on each other. This research objective is to find out the correlation between instrumental support and burden of schizophrenia family members at Mental Treatment Polyclinic of Grhasia Mental Hospital, Yogyakarta Special Province The design of this research is non-experimental correlation using cross-sectional design, while the sampling of the technique was using accidental sampling. The samples of the research consist of the 91 family members of schizophrenia patients at Grhasia Mental Hospital of Jogjakarta Special Province. The data were collected using a questionnaire and then tested statistically using Spearman’s correlation. Most of the family instrumental support is in high category (76.1%), and the burden of the family members of schizophrenia patients is also high (54.9%). The analysis result shows that there is no significant correlation between instrumental support and burden of family members (p-value = 0.820). There is no correlation between instrumental support and burden among the family members of schizophrenia patients at Mental Treatment Polyclinic of Grhasia Hospital Yogyakarta Special Province. It is suggested that the family members of the patients can accept patients well through patient treatment involving all family members, not only caregivers.

Systematic review on the use and description of measures to evaluate psychotherapeutic interventions with children and adolescents in Brazil

Introduction: Psychotherapeutic interventions in childhood and adolescence are recognized as a mental treatment and as a tool to reduce psychological disorders in youth and adulthood. Therefore, there is an increasing concern about evidence of effectiveness of mental disorder interventions and adequacy of measurement. The objectives of this systematic review were to investigate predominant research designs and instruments used in Brazilian studies describing psychotherapeutic interventions with children and adolescents and to examine how these instruments are described regarding evidence of validity and reliability. Method: Five databases were surveyed, and for each one two independent judges performed the selection of records and applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The final database comprised 28 papers, in which 92 instruments were referred. Fifty-seven instruments cited did not have descriptions of evidence of validity for the Brazilian population; for 31 instruments, validity evidence was mentioned, but the study did not detail which validity parameter was used; three studies described content validity evidence for their instruments. Furthermore, information about reliability was described for only two instruments. Conclusion: A lack of studies in the field of child and adolescent psychotherapy was found in Brazil. There is a significant need for the field to attend both the psychometric properties and the quality of description of research instruments. The scientific production of studies focused on the evaluation of psychotherapeutic interventions may promote evidence-based psychotherapy and justify the offer of mental treatment in different contexts.

TINGKAT BURNOUT CAREGIVER KLIEN SKIZOFRENIA DI DESA KERSAMANAH KABUPATEN GARUT

The prevalence of burnout in caregiver clients schizophrenia shows a fairly high rate compared with other chronic diseases. Burnout is a psychological tension that is specifically related to chronic stress experienced by individuals from day to day and is characterized by a state of physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion. This condition can cause the caregiver to experience depression or mental disorder. The purpose of this research is to indicate the burnout caregiver level of schizophrenia clients. This research is a descriptive research conducted in the Village Kersamanah, Garut Regency. The caregiver burnout rate is measured using Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). The results show that the burnout caregiver level of schizophrenic clients most of caregiver were at high burnout rate–sixty three percent (63%). The results of this study are expected to shade a light of knowledge in the mental treatment nursing, especially to overcome psychosocial problems, particularly in burnout that occurs in caregiver schizophrenia.Keywords: burnout, caregiver, schizophrenia

Social entrepreneurship with vedic wisdom

Synopsis The case illustrates the social entrepreneurial journey of Ramdev who developed Patanjali Yogpeeth as a successful enterprise that provides low-cost physical and mental treatment through the ancient science of yoga. The case provides a perspective on the reasons for the success of Patanjali as a social brand in such a small time scale and also addresses the controversies associated with it. Research methodology Using secondary sources, the study describes the philosophy, infrastructure, innovations, marketing and promotional practices of the organization. It also seeks answers to the challenges faced by the social entrepreneur to fulfill his social mission. Relevant courses and levels The case is best suited for courses on entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship and marketing of non-profit organization in both MBA and executive programs. Students who have an interest in starting their own venture or social enterprise will find it more relevant and interesting.

Surviving the Lunacy Act of 1890: English Psychiatrists and Professional Development during the Early Twentieth Century

In recent decades, historians of English psychiatry have shifted their major concerns away from asylums and psychiatrists in the nineteenth century. This is also seen in the studies of twentieth-century psychiatry where historians have debated the rise of psychology, eugenics and community care. This shift in interest, however, does not indicate that English psychiatrists became passive and unimportant actors in the last century. In fact, they promoted Lunacy Law reform for a less asylum-dependent mode of psychiatry, with a strong emphasis on professional development. This paper illustrates the historical dynamics around the professional development of English psychiatry by employing Andrew Abbott’s concept of professional development. Abbott redefines professional development as arising from both abstraction of professional knowledge and competition regarding professional jurisdiction. A profession, he suggests, develops through continuous re-formation of its occupational structure, mode of practice and political language in competing with other professional and non-professional forces. In early twentieth-century England, psychiatrists promoted professional development by framing political discourse, conducting a daily trade and promoting new legislation to defend their professional jurisdiction. This professional development story began with the Lunacy Act of 1890, which caused a professional crisis in psychiatry and led to inter-professional competition with non-psychiatric medical service providers. To this end, psychiatrists devised a new political rhetoric, ‘early treatment of mental disorder’, in their professional interests and succeeded in enacting the Mental Treatment Act of 1930, which re-instated psychiatrists as masters of English psychiatry.