Housing wealth in Norway, 1993–20151

We provide a new estimate of household-level housing wealth in Norway between 1993 and 2015 using an ensemble machine learning method on housing transaction data. The new housing wealth measure is an improvement over existing data sources for two reasons. First, the model outperforms previously applied regression models in out-of-sample prediction precision. Second, we extend the sample of estimated housing wealth by including cooperative units, non-id apartments, and cabins.

PENANGANAN HASIL PANENTANDAN BUAH SEGAR KELAPA SAWIT OLEH KOPERASI HARAPAN JAYA

Oil palm is one of the commodities of plantation products which has an important role in economic activities in Indonesia. The existence of the Harapan Jaya cooperative is very helpful for the plasma farmers in the village who are not prosperous. In addition to being able to provide cooperative capital assistance, the role is to ensure that farmers 'harvests are sold every month, while other cooperatives are unable to provide certainty about the sale of farmers' harvested fruits. The aim of this study was to discuss the handling of yields of oil palm fresh fruit bunches by cooperative expectations. The research approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. The research was carried out in a village of prosperous hope cooperative units in a village that was not successful. Site selection is determined intentionally. Data collection is done by in-depth interviews and documentation. The variables in this study consisted of mechanisms for handling yields of fresh palm fruit bunches. The data analysis method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of the study, information was obtained regarding the problems faced by oil palm farmers, especially in villages that were not successful. The solution to overcome this problem is through 3 mechanisms for supplying fruit-bearing trucks, cooperating with several palm oil mills, selling FFB to factories at high prices, and ensuring that the plantation roads are feasible to pass.

Aplikasi Simpan Pinjam Koperasi Pada PT. Primantara Berbasis Mobile Menggunakan Algoritma FIFO

Cooperatives have a very important role at the moment, because cooperatives provide many benefits to their members. One of the goals of the operation of the cooperative is as an alternative means of borrowing money. PT. Cooperative System Primantara which is run at this time is still using book media or using Microsoft Excel. The lending process which is still done manually sometimes makes it difficult for employees to apply for loans, therefore applications are needed to overcome these problems. The savings and loan cooperative application was built using the Android and PHP programming languages with MySQL Databse and applied the FIFO algorithm to the cooperative system. By building a savings and loan cooperative application, it can facilitate cooperative units and employees so that employees do not experience difficulties when applying for loans and easily obtain information about the remaining installments. The results of this study are the application of savings and loan cooperatives which will make it easier for employees and also cooperative units in conducting transactions within the cooperative PT. Primantara.

Limited dispersal and an unexpected aggression pattern in a native supercolonial ant

ABSTRACTUnderstanding how social groups function requires studies on how individuals move across the landscape and interact with each other. Ant supercolonies are extreme cooperative units that may consist of thousands of interconnected nests, and their individuals cooperate over large spatial scales. However, the inner structure of suggested supercolonial (or unicolonial) societies has rarely been extensively studied using both genetic and behavioral analyses. We describe a dense supercolony-like aggregation of more than 1 300 nests of the ant Formica (Coptoformica) pressilabris. We performed aggression bioassays and found that, while aggression levels were generally low, there was some aggression within the assumed supercolony. The occurrence of aggression increased with distance from the focal nest, in accordance with the genetically viscous population structure we observe by using 10 microsatellite markers. However, the aggressive interactions do not follow any clear pattern that would allow specifying colony borders within the area. The genetic data indicate limited gene flow within and away from the supercolony. Our results show that a Formica supercolony is not necessarily a single unit but can be a more fluid mosaic of aggressive and amicable interactions instead, highlighting the need to study internest interactions in detail when describing supercolonies.

THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL LITERATION ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN COOPERATIVES OF STATE EMPLOYEES IN BANDAR LAMPUNG

Allegedly, the reason for the number of cooperatives not actively running cooperative units is because there are still many financial problems. Individual needs and increasingly complex financial products require cooperative managers to have adequate financial literacy. Individuals need basic financial knowledge and the ability to effectively manage financial resources for better welfare and development of cooperatives.A person's ability to use money depends very much on the knowledge they have, the better the financial literacy that someone has, the better the financial management behavior of that person. This kind of thing, then, will have an impact on one's financial performance. Therefore, studies regarding this matter are very important to do. In this study, the total sample was 50. all the data obtained were analyzed using path analysis. Path analysis is used to analyze the pattern of relationships between variables in order to determine the direct and indirect effects of a set of independent variables on the dependent variable Based on the results of data processing, it can be seen that the value of the direct effect of the variable behavior of financial management on financial performance is equal to 0.681. Whereas, the indirect effect of variables x1, x2 and x3 on financial performance through financial management behavior is 0.0051 (0.367 x 0.480 x 0.029). by comparing the two values, it can be proved that the influence of knowledge variables (X1), understanding (X2), and application (X3) on financial performance is directly smaller than their influence on financial performance (Z) through financial management behavior (Y), so it can be concluded that the behavior of financial management is an intervening factor for financial literacy with financial performance Someone who has good financial literacy, coupled with proper financial management behavior, can be said as prosperous in terms of finances. By having good skills in managing finances, a cooperative manager will be free from financial problems so that the cooperative's financial performance will be achieved optimally.

PERCEPTION OF THE COOPERATIVE UNIT MANAGEMENT AGAINST THE UNDERSTANDING ABOUT THE FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE COOPERATIVE UNIT IN TANGERANG

This research is to find out the effect of the perception upon the understanding about the financial report of the cooperative unit in Tangerang. The research has been done at the cooperative units in Tangerang, and the samples of the research is 53 respondents who are the management of the cooperative. Variables of this research are independent variable which is the perception of the cooperative management (PPK) and dependent variable which is the understanding about the financial report (PALK) Data collection method is field survey using questionnaires, direct interview and library study. Analysis unit is the people (cooperative unit management). Method of data analysis has applied simple linear regression. Analysis equipment is applying SPSS 24.0. The perception of the cooperative unit management has positively and significantly affected the understanding about the financial report based on SAK, ETAP at the cooperative units in Tangerang. The better perception of the cooperative unit management has improved the understanding of the financial report.Key words: perception of the management of cooperative unit, understanding about the financial report.

Strategies for Maritime-Based Economic Development in Konawe Islands in Southeast Sulawesi

<p><em>The purposes of this study were: (1) to draw up a scale of priority in programs (objects) for the development of maritime economy in Konawe Islands district. (2) to determine the best strategies for utilizing and increasing the carrying capacity of maritime economy so that it can contribute to revenue increase. (3) to provide stakeholders in maritime sector with a variety of data and information about maritime potentials in Konawe Islands. The study was conducted in Konawe Islands. The analytical methods used were Delphi method and SWOT analysis. Results of the study showed that: (a) To develop the maritime economy of Konawe Islands, four programs need to be given priorities, including: (i) establishment of cooperative units; (ii) empowerment of fishermen domestic economy, (iii) development of Kampadan beach as a tourism object; and (vi) development of Langara beach, (b) These programs for improving the welfare of fishermen households need to be given a special attention since fisherman is a dominant community in Konawe Islands, (c) The development of Langara Beach can become a very interesting program, for several reasons: (i) as a district capital, Langara is naturally given a priority in the development of land and coastal infrastructures; (ii) Langara beach is beautiful because it directly faces the ocean; (iii) Langara beach can be developed into an amusement site for the public, as well as a source of local people’s income and the local government’s revenue. (4) Konawe Islands has many interesting coastal tourism objects, including Tengkera Beach, Polara Beach, Lamongupa Beach, Tumbi Tumbi Beach, Kampa Beach, Tekonea Beach and Tourism Dugong. The study revealed that the government of Konawe Islands has been constrained by limited budget, so the development of maritime economy in the region needs to be done gradually.</em></p>

Efficiency of Saving and Credit Cooperative Units in North Aceh, Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to measure and analyze the relative efficiency of saving and credit cooperative units in North Aceh, Indonesia. In this study, the selection of inputs and outputs to be analyzed by the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was selected using the intermediation approach. The results showed that the overall saving and credit cooperative units in North Aceh, Indonesia have not operated fully efficient. This is indicated by the average of value of Malmquist Productivity Index which was still below one, but individually the study found that some cooperatives have operated efficiently, such as cooperative employee of PT Pupuk Iskandar Muda (Persero), KPN Kopebun, KPN Citra Guru, KPN Tunas and Kopbun Cut Mutia. These findings implied that more serious efforts should be made by the saving and credit cooperative units in North Aceh, Indonesia to improve the cooperative management efficiency levels by managing their capital and assets professionally. DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v5i2.3193

Industri Agribisnis Sapi Perah Nasional Menantang Masa Depan

<p><strong>English<br /></strong>The current state of the Indonesian dairy industry has showed a promising future. The main objective of this study is to critically review the development of the dairy industry in Indonesia. This study, which based primarily on the literature reviews, describes the current state and problems face by the industry. The focus of the study is to identify the problem face by the industry to meet the domestic and global market demand. The study concluded that there are ample rooms for improvement of the industry, mainly at the milk processing stage both at the individual farmer and as groups (cooperative units).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian<br /></strong>Industri sapi perah di Indonesia bergerak maju menuju industri maju, sejak tahun 1998, pemerintah Indonesia telah membebaskan industri ini dari segala bentuk intervensi. Tujuan makalah ini adalah mereview secara kritis perkembangan industri sapi perah di Indonesia. Kajian ini berdasarkan hasil-hasil penelitian tentang profil industri sapi perah di Indonesia. Makalah ini memfokuskan pada masalah bagaimana industri menentukan jalan masa depan dalam menghadapi permintaan susu sapi dalam negeri dan pasar global. Kesimpulan pokok dari hasil rincian ini adalah industri sapi perah masih membutuhkan usaha-usaha untuk meningkatkan performan pengolahan susu pada tingkat peternak dan koperasi.</p>