Včasnostredoveké sídlisko v Brne-Medlánkach

The presented article examines the early medieval settlement in Brno-Medlánky. The archaeological finds were evaluated to obtain settlement spatial development and to reveal the practical, social and natural dimension of the settlement after the synthesis of the evidence. The relevance of the site in relation to early medieval Brno was also considered. The large quantity of ceramics, which was essential for this research, was processed using the database of J. Macháček. This enabled me to date the settlement between the 6th/7th to the 9th/10th century and, based on quantification, to characterise the morphological and technological features of the complex. The archaeological material was also compared with the material from other similar sites. The results of this analysis were acquired from data in the graphs, figures and quantification tables. The other findings were processed using descriptive models. Scientific analyses have proven the presence of blacksmithing and iron metallurgy at the site. Agricultural activities and processing of leather and textile were also documented at the site. The typical cumulative structure was evaluated within the framework of spatial analyses, together with the form and spatial development of the settlement. Moreover, the article deals with the complete skeletons of two dogs and one horse, and the human skeleton found in a storage pit. The complete animal skeletons were probably deposited for hygienic reasons; the human skeleton possibly proves an execution.

Metafoorid, millega me töötame: kogumismetoodika kajastused Eesti Rahva Muuseumi soome-ugri ekspeditsioonipäevikutes aastatel 1975–1989

Our aim is to examine how the principles of museum collecting are reflected in ethnographic fieldwork diaries. In recent decades, scholars and representatives of indigenous peoples have sharply criticized earlier modes of ethnographic collection and representation. The earlier acquisition policy was based on the understanding that ethnographers had a kind of prerogative to collect objects and that people had to relinquish their possessions in the name of science. By now such collecting practices have changed, but the analysis of the ethnographers’ earlier techniques enables us to gain a clearer sense of the historical context of museum collection. In this article, we study various metaphors related to museum collecting that we found in Soviet-era Finno-Ugric expedition diaries kept in the manuscript archive of the Estonian National Museum (ENM). We examine how the museum’s ethnographers used specific metaphorical expressions and descriptive models. An exploration of diaries through metaphors offers a way to discuss the formation of ethnographic knowledge. Such an approach can be more subjective, but the metaphorical models that reappear in the field diaries do show that certain beliefs and the fundamental nature of their expression were more prevalent among the museum’s staff. We analyze the diaries of Finno-Ugric fieldwork kept from 1975 to 1989, the most intensive period of the museum’s collecting work among the Finno-Ugric peoples. The objects collected during these years make up almost two thirds of the current Finno-Ugric collection of the ENM. The Finno-Ugric expedition diaries of the mature Soviet era reveal some metaphorical expressions and descriptions pertaining to museum collecting that are used repeatedly. We found that the metaphors of trade, war and loot characterized the era’s collection practices in the most expressive way. These metaphors reflect, in the humorous and grotesque key, the ENM’s staff’s perceptions of time-specific museological principles. In their 1980 monograph “Metaphors We Live By”, George Lakoff and Mark Johnson substantiated the universal potential of metaphor in human thought. While for Lakoff and Johnson, metaphor is a tool that enables us to talk about reality, what is more important is that metaphors serve as a meeting place of fundamental questions concerning people’s everyday experience and life. The analysis of the ENM fieldwork diaries partially confirms Lakoff and Johnson’s view. Although ethnographers use metaphors of trade, war and loot in their fieldwork diaries, they need not always be related to existential reflections, but are often just an entertaining play on words. At the same time, the playful use of metaphors does not in itself preclude the fact that they also reflect the discourses of the deep structure of ethnographic consciousness.

Morphodynamical cell-state description via live-cell imaging trajectory embedding

Time-lapse imaging provides powerful insight into the dynamical response of cells to perturbation, but the quantitative analysis of morphological changes over time is a challenge. Here, we exploit the concept of "morphodynamical trajectories" to analyze cellular behavior using morphological feature trajectory histories, rather than the common practice of examining morphological feature time courses in the space of single-timepoint (snapshot) morphological features. Our morphodynamical trajectory embedding analysis yielded quantitative and descriptive models of future time points based on the extended history information of MCF10A mammary epithelial cells treated with a panel of ligands. The trajectory analysis constructs a shared morphodynamical cell-state landscape, where the response of MCF10A cells induced by various extracellular signals is characterized by ligand-specific regulation of state transitions. Additionally, we show that including trajectories in single-cell morphological analysis enables (i) systematic characterization of cell state trajectories, and (ii) better separation of phenotypes and more descriptive models of ligand-induced differences as compared to snapshot-based analysis. This morphodynamical trajectory embedding is broadly applicable for the quantitative analysis of cell responses via live-cell imaging across many biological and biomedical applications.

Microfoundations of Discounting

An important question in economics is how people choose between different payments in the future. The classical normative model predicts that a decision maker discounts a later payment relative to an earlier one by an exponential function of the time between them. Descriptive models use nonexponential functions to fit observed behavioral phenomena, such as preference reversal. Here we propose a model of discounting, consistent with standard axioms of choice, in which decision makers maximize the growth rate of their wealth. Four specifications of the model produce four forms of discounting—no discounting, exponential discounting, hyperbolic discounting, and a hybrid of exponential and hyperbolic discounting—two of which predict preference reversal. Our model requires no assumption of behavioral bias or payment risk.

The Model of Systemic Relational Violence: Conceptualizing IPV as a Method of Continual and Enforced Domination

This paper provides a theoretical and historical background of explanatory and descriptive models of domestic, family, and interpersonal violence and introduces a new model that seeks to correct aspects of those models that have been heavily critiqued. The Model of Systemic Relational Violence reconceptualizes violent relationships with coercive control and emotional and psychological violence at the core and more traditional event-based markers of relationship violence as peripheral enforcement tactics in a more extensive system of interpersonal domination. This new model is built on the insights and perspectives of survivors of relational violence and the service providers who support them. It has been developed to be applied in a variety of diverse relationships and contexts.

Dynamic Inconsistency and Incentive Design: Insights from Behavioural Economics for HR Managers

Behavioural economics is a thriving field that offers descriptive models of human decision-making that deviate from the standard model of decision-making in economics. This article presents insights from behavioural economics that can help address dynamic inconsistency, that is, time-inconsistency problems of employees and inform incentive design strategies. The author argues that lessons from behavioural economics can be applied to design solutions that can transform HR practices. HR managers and leaders stand to benefit from the emerging evidence from the lab and field in behavioural economics that calls for a rethinking of the conventional understanding of human behaviour.

Indian Premier League Using Different Aspects of Machine Learning Algorithms

The purpose of the present article is to highlight the outcomes of Indian premier league cricket match utilizing a managed taking in come nearer from a team-based point of view. The methodology consists of prescriptive and descriptive models. Descriptive model focuses mainly on two aspects they are, it describes data and statistics of the previous information. i.e., batting, balling or allrounder and It predicts past matches of IPL. Predictive model predicts ranking and winning percentage of the team. The two models show the measurements of winning level of the group Winner that the user has selected. This paper predicts the result through which technique match has highest result. The dataset consists of two groups that is the toss outcome, venue date, which tells about of the counterpart for all matches. Since the nature impact can't be expected in the game, 109 matches which were either finished by downpour or draw/tie, have been taken out from the dataset. The dataset is partitioned into two sections to be specific the test information and the train information.The readiness dataset contains the 70% of the information from our dataset and the test dataset contains 30% of the information from our dataset. There were all out of 3500 coordinates in getting ready dataset and 1500 matches. This paper has been researched earlier by different scholars like Pathak and Wadwa, Munir etl ,and many other scholars. This viewpoint discusses the application of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE Matches held in different states. Gives the score of batsman and bowler with the help of machine learning techniques. Focuses on predicted analysis which is predicted by applying with various AI strategies to the real outcome actual result and gives the percentage of predicted result.

Reciprocal constructions in Homeric Greek: A typological and corpus-based approach

Ancient Greek features a wide array of means to encode reciprocity. Even though reference grammars do mention most of these strategies, they have not been brought together and compared in a systematic way so far. In this paper, we provide a thorough corpus-based description of the three most widespread reciprocal markers in Homeric Greek: the pronoun allḗlōn, the middle voice, and the use of preverbs. Our analysis is couched within current descriptive models of reciprocal constructions developed in linguistic typology. As we argue, Homeric Greek offers a remarkably complex picture, whereby these strategies synchronically cover different semantic and syntactic sub-domains of reciprocity, and thus partly stand in complementary distribution. Already in Homer, the pronoun allḗlōn is the most productive marker of reciprocal situations, with the middle voice and preverbs playing a more limited role. By adopting a diachronic perspective, we also show that this distribution can partly be explained as the result of the different historical sources of each construction. Moreover, once properly scrutinized, the facts of Homeric Greek provide interesting cues as to the developments of reciprocal constructions in later stages of Greek.