Pembuatan VCO memanfaatkan bonggol nanas sebagai sumber bromelin di Desa Bale Kabupaten Donggala Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah

[Bahasa]: Desa Bale Kecamatan Tanatovea merupakan salah satu daerah tertinggal di Kabupaten Donggala, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Mata pencaharian masyarakatnya adalah petani, khususnya petani kelapa. Hasil pertanian kelapa di Desa Bale hanya diolah dalam bentuk kopra dan lebih banyak dijual dalam bentuk bahan mentah sehingga penghasilan yang mereka dapatkan kurang maksimal. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan membuat olahan kelapa lainnya melalui teknologi murah, sederhana dan dapat dipasarkan langsung dengan nilai jual yang tinggi. Produk olahan kelapa yang dapat dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat setempat diantaranya adalah Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). Tujuan dari kegiatan program pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan krim santan kelapa menjadi VCO dengan menggunakan enzim bromelin dari bonggol nanas. Tahapan awal program pengabdian adalah memberikan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat, memberikan pelatihan pembuatan krim santan, pembuatan sari dan bubur bonggol nanas, dan diakhiri dengan pembuatan VCO. Hasil program pengabdian ini adalah mitra pengabdian dapat memahami teknologi dan mengaplikasikannya dalam pembuatan VCO dengan memanfaatkan limbah bonggol nanas. Pada program pengabdian ini, produk VCO yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan sari bonggol nanas lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan bubur bonggol nanas. Hasil pelaksanaan panyuluhan dan pelatihan menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan peserta sebesar lebih dari 97%. Pembuatan VCO dengan memanfaatkan bonggol nanas menjadi alternatif industri skala kecil untuk masyarakat. Kata Kunci: bonggol nanas, desa Bale, kelapa, Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) [English]: Bale Village, Tanatovea Subdistrict, is one of the underdeveloped areas in Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The people are farmers, especially coconut farmers. Coconut agricultural products in Bale village are only processed in the form of copra and are mostly sold in the form of raw materials with less income. This problem can be solved by making other coconut products through cheap and simple technology that can be marketed directly with a high selling value. The coconut processed products can be developed to increase local people's income, including Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). The purpose of this community service activity is to provide knowledge and skills to the farmers in using coconut cream to be processed as VCO by using the enzyme bromelain from pineapple cobs waste. The initial stage of the activity was to provide counseling to the community, then conduct a short training to produce coconut cream, extract and pulp of pineapple humps, and finally produce VCO. The results show that the participants can understand the technology provided and apply it to produce VCO using pineapple extracts waste. In this program, the VCO produced using the pineapple extract is more than that of the pineapple pulp. The results of the program reveal that the participants’ satisfaction level is over 97%. Producing VCO using pineapple humps is an alternative for a small-scale industry for the community. Keywords: pineapple cobs waste, Bale village, coconut, Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO)

Effect of Oil Content on the Printability of Coconut Cream

We developed a method to perform direct ink writing (DIW) three-dimensional (3D) printing of coconut-basedvproducts with high oil content by varying compositions of the coconut oil and the coconut cream. The addition of oils is particularly crucial in providing energy, developing neurological functions, and improving the palatability of food. Despite the potential merits of high oil-content foods, there have been limited studies on 3D printing of high oil-content foods. In particular, the effect of oil content on the printability of food inks has not been studied to date. 3D printing of food inks with high oil contents is challenging due to oil separation that leads to unpredictable changes in rheological properties. In this work, we surveyed the behavior of the mixture of the coconut oil and the coconut cream and identified the appropriate conditions for the food inks that show the printability in DIW 3D printing. We initially formulated coconut cream inks added with coconutoil that did not exhibit oil separation, and characterized the rheological properties of such inks. We successfully 3D-printed coconut cream with additional coconut oil and successfully fabricated 3D structures with inks containing 25% water with an additional 10% (w/w) of coconut oil. Texture profile analysis (TPA) suggested that the hardness index and the chewiness index of mesh-shaped 3D-printed coconut cream decreased due to an increase in the water content of the ink. Overall, this studyoffered an understanding of the stability of the food inks and demonstrated the fabrication of 3D colloidal food with controlledoil content, which can be applied to formulating foods with tunable oil content to cater to individual nutritional needs without compromising the stability of the inks.

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI STARTER Saccharomyces cerevisiae DAN LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP RENDEMEN DAN MUTU MINYAK KELAPA

<p>Untuk mendapatkan cara pengolahan minyak kelapa yang lebih eisien dalam menghasilkan rendemen dan mutu yang tinggi dan tahan simpan serta aman dikonsumsi telah dilakukan penelitian pengaruh konsentrasi starter Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan lama fermentasi terhadap rendemen mutu minyak kelapa. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kelapa dan Palma Lain Manado dan Kebun Percobaan Mapanget sejak bulan Maret sampai Desember 2001. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap disusun secara faktorial, yaitu faktor A adalah konsentrasi starter Saccharomyces cerevisiae, terdiri dari 0%, 0.25%, 0.35%, 0.45% dan faktor B adalah lama fermentasi krim. terdiri dari 0 jam, 12 jam, dan 24 jam. Ulangan dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rendemen minyak tertinggi 23.83% pada fermentasi krim selama 24 jam. Mutu minyak kelapa yang dihasilkan sebagai berikut kadar air 0.03 - 0.18%, asam lemak bebas 0.15 - 0.29%, warna bening dan bau harum/ normal, bilangan peroksida berkisar 0.20 - 0.40 meq/kg, mutu minyak kelapa tersebut memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 01-2902-1992.</p><p>Kata kunci: Minyak kelapa, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, konsentrasi, fermentasi. rendemen, mutu</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABCTRACT </strong></p><p><strong>Effect of concentration of stater Saccharomyces cerevisiae and duration of fermentation on the content and quality of coconut oil</strong></p><p>Research on the effect of concentration of starter Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the content and quality of coconut oil was conducted at the Laboratory of Indonesian Coconut and Palmae Research Institute (ICOPRI) and Mapanget Research Instalation from March to December 2001. The objective of the research was to find out the effective technique and processing of coconut oil. The research used a completely randomized design with 2 factors and 2 replications. Factor A was the concentration of starter Saccharomyces cerevisiae of 0%, 0.25%, 0.35%, 0.45% and factor B was duration of fermentation consist of 0 hour, 12 hours, and 24 hours. The results showed that the highest yield of coconut oil is 23.83% was obtained by fermented coconut cream for 24 hours. The coconut oil had good quality with moisture content about 0.03 to 0.18%, free fatty acid content about 0.15 to 0.29%, colorless, good smell and peroxide value about 0.20 - 0.40 mcq/kg, the quality of coconut oil fulfilled the requirements of Indonesian National Standard (Standar Nasional Indonesia/SNI 01-2902-1992).</p><p>Key words: Coconut oil, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. concentration, fermentation, yield and quality</p>

Characterization of Thermal Behaviour and Fatty Acid Profile of Coconut Based Chocolate Novelties

A study was carried out to produce chocolates from coconut variants viz, coconut oil, coconut cream and coconut milk as a substitute for cocoa butter. The chocolate prepared with 40% cocoa butter was taken as control. Cocoa butter substituted at the levels of 10%, 20% and 30 % by coconut oil, coconut cream and coconut milk respectively were optimized based on the consumer acceptance. The fatty acid profile of the developed chocolate novelties were analysed using GC-MS and the lauric acid content was elevated to 1.92 %, 1.04 % and 1.17% in coconut oil, coconut cream and coconut milk chocolates respectively from 0.02 % in control. The thermal behavior of the developed chocolate novelties were analyzed by using Differential Scanning Calorimetry which exhibited harmonious distinct endothermic transitions between 28oC and 53oC. The developed chocolate novelties exhibited stable melting ranges in comparison with control.

Characteristics of Physical, Chemical, and Organoleptic Properties of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) By Studying the Ratio Between Coconut Cream with Inducement Oil and Length of Fermentation

Coconut agribusiness development plays an important role in an effort to increase productivity as a raw material for processed products from coconut. Indonesia is one of the world's largest coconut plantation. Unfortunately, Indonesia's exports are in the form of ordinary coconut oil, while Philippines has begun to reach the world with the Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). However, there is still a lack of diversification that can be done by coconut farmers made its little progress. In fact, the price of VCO which tripled from coconut oil used to make the oil can be potential to be developed in Indonesia The purpose of this research was to examine the cream ratio with inducement oil and length of fermentation on VCO quality. The research used a factorial randomized complete design (CRD) of 3 × 3 consisting of two factors, namely the ratio of coconut cream and inducement oil (A) and length of fermentation (B). The ratio of coconut cream and inducement oil (A) consisted of three levels, namely: A1 = 2 : 1, A2 = 3 : 1, and A3 = 4 : 1. Length of fermentation factors (B) consisted of three levels, namely: B1 = 8 hours, B2 = 10 hours, and B3 = 12 hours. The results showed that the treatment of cream ratio with inducement oil had a very significant effect on the yield, organoleptic aroma, and color. The length of fermentation had a very significant effect on yield, organoleptic aroma and color. The interaction between the two factors had a very significant effect on all parameters (water content, peroxide number, acid number, and iodine number) except yield and organoleptic (aroma and color) which had no effect. The best VCO quality was obtained by ratio of cream with inducement oil 2 : 1 and 8 hours length of fermentation.