SOCIAL BARRIERS TO FEMALE EDUCATION IN DISTRICT D.G KHAN

Education plays a significant role in community development. Women represent half of the population of a country when half population remains illiterate than it is difficult to achieve the goals of development. Poor policies low budget for education and low implantation of educational programs create illiteracy gap among masses. The present study is designed to investigate the barriers that female are facing in the field of education. The study was conducted in the Tribal Area of district Dera Ghazi Khan. The simple random simple techniques were used, and data were collected through questionnaire. The aim of this study is to identify the factors that are the hurdle for female education. The scattered population and school distance create a serious issue for education. The study revealed that higher the distance from the school the lower will be enrollment. Low income of parents will also affect the enrollment of children. The study reveals that lack of transports; school distance, school expenses, household work, traditional customs and financial issues are the barriers for female education. Key words: Attitude, Females, education, Income, Customs, Barriers.

MONIZA ALVI AS A DIASPORA POET

‘Diaspora’ refers to the dispersion of people from their homeland. It is a scattered population whose origin lies in a separate geographic scale. Diaspora Literature can be called works were written by authors who live outside native land. Diaspora writers are often preoccupied with the elements of nostalgia as they seek to locate themselves in the new culture. At the core of the concept of Diaspora lays the image of home. Home is a powerful notion in the study of Diaspora. Here, I have presented my study of the notion of Homeland in Diaspora and its elements. For that, I have taken poems of Moniza Alvi from her anthology “Split World: Poems (1990- 2005)”. Moniza Alvi is a Pakistani-British poet and writer. She was born in Pakistan and grew up in England. In some of her poems, she drew the image of Homeland, which has glimpses of nostalgia. The split world includes poems of five collections. Here, I have examined how Homeland reflects in Alvi’s poems and how she reconstructs home through poetry. Further, my conclusion is that the identity of Homeland has held onto those people living in host land and it reflects in their works.

PRATILIPI: ADVENT OF DIGITAL LITERATURE IN GUJARATI

‘Diaspora’ refers to the dispersion of people from their homeland. It is a scattered population whose origin lies in a separate geographic scale. Diaspora Literature can be called works were written by authors who live outside native land. Diaspora writers are often preoccupied with the elements of nostalgia as they seek to locate themselves in the new culture. At the core of the concept of Diaspora lays the image of home. Home is a powerful notion in the study of Diaspora.

Status of Animal Health with Emphasis of Blue Tongue Virus Disease in Kalat Region, Balochistan

Bluetongue is non contagious vector borne viral disease of small ruminants. It transmits by biting of culicoids midges and causes severe economic losses to animal owner in term of high morbidity, decreased production and impaired reproduction. Balochistan, being largest province of the country have scattered population in far remote areas. About 70% of the provincial population rely upon livestock rearing for their livelihood. Kalat is largest division of the province that stretches from Kalat city upto Lasbella including Khuzdar, Kharan and Awaran. It is located on main RCD route that will ultimately boost the animal marketing and their easy access to main market. Although different vaccines are practiced throughout the province but no such vaccine is available against BTV in the country. That’s why animals are facing problems of some undiagnosed diseases. This review provides necessary information about disease in the region. It is need of the time to educate farmer and strict vigilance may be practiced for proper and timely vaccination of all animals to curtail deadliest diseases in the region.

Collective regulation of cell motility using an accurate density-sensing system

The capacity of living cells to sense their population density and to migrate accordingly is essential for the regulation of many physiological processes. However, the mechanisms used to achieve such functions are poorly known. Here, based on the analysis of multiple trajectories of vegetative Dictyostelium discoideum cells, we investigate such a system extensively. We show that the cells secrete a high-molecular-weight quorum-sensing factor (QSF) in their medium. This extracellular signal induces, in turn, a reduction of the cell movements, in particular, through the downregulation of a mode of motility with high persistence time. This response appears independent of cAMP and involves a G-protein-dependent pathway. Using a mathematical analysis of the cells' response function, we evidence a negative feedback on the QSF secretion, which unveils a powerful generic mechanism for the cells to detect when they exceed a density threshold. Altogether, our results provide a comprehensive and dynamical view of this system enabling cells in a scattered population to adapt their motion to their neighbours without physical contact.

Coals Mines, Repository of Linguistic Diversity

Balochistan is the largest province of Pakistan in terms of area , and it has long history behind it , the province is mostly mountainous the 70% of Baluchistan’s land is consist of mountains but the province is also rich in agriculture and livestock, the population is less as compare to its area or land and it has scattered population, it also has the world’s oldest civilization such as MHER Gard civilization historic and prehistoric evidences prove this statement, the land of Balochistan has seen several kind of invaders in the history, it is gate way to central Asia, the province is rich in archeological sites, the province is well famous regarding its fruits and natural minerals, 39 type of minerals has been exploited in province till 2008, this paper discuss the multiculturalism and bilingualism in especial context of Balochistan, as discussed Balochistan is bucket of several cultures and languages, it is very much rich in the context of culture, the vast area of Balochistan has huge and rich cultures inside it, the Pashtoon and Baloch are the two big nations who have been living on this land for centuries, and both nations have their rich culture in their daily life and both are very much cultural in their daily routine. The natural minerals have been mining before partition, the workers from all over the country are found on this land even large number of workers also come from the neighbor country Afghanistan, coal mining is carried out in six districts of Balochistan where workers have been mining , there major number of workers can be found from KPK province and also there is enough number of workers who belong to Hazara tribe who speak Hazargi language and they have their own language and culture, in Mach coal fields the several languages and cultures are found.

Livestock Nature, Status, Breeding and feeding system in Balochistan.

Balochistan is a largest province of Pakistan in terms of area and its scattered population mainly depends on livestock. It is the major share in the agriculture economy of Balochistan. Indigenous ecological situation also favors the livestock (majority sheep and goat) to flourish in the province. There are few rainfalls, which has made the cultivation very hard as compare to other provinces of Pakistan. Most of area of Balochistan comprises rangelands. Which are solidly rocky. There are some parts of Balochistan, where there are natural postures for the herders. These peculiar natures of land characteristics differentiate it from all Pakistan. Additionally, climate is most suitable for small ruminant to grow here at the hilly parts of the country. Hence, this paper is an attempt to highlight the nature, status, breeding and feeding system of Balochistan.

Vascular Interventional Neuroradiology in a Country with a Small and Scattered Population Twenty Years' Experience in Norway

Experience with neuroradiological endovascular therapy in a small country is presented. Five Norwegian university hospitals are currently performing coiling of cerebral aneurysms and three are embolizing cerebral arteriovenous malformations. The small number of procedures in most of these institutions may threaten the quality of treatment, education of neuroinradiologists, research and scientific work in this field. An even greater concern might arise in the field of neurosurgery after the reduction in surgical procedures following the increasing takeover by endovascular procedures. The safety during transportation of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage has been debated and is considered by some as a problem, but earlier experience from Nordic countries does not support this concern. Reducing the number of centres performing these procedures seems necessary to obtain adequate patient safety and an ethical practice.