ORGANIZATION OF ROAD TRAFFIC TAKING INTO ACCOUNT ELECTRIC ROUTE PASSENGER TRANSPORT

The rapid development of the transport sector leads not only to positive changes in the life of cities and towns, to an increase in convenience and comfort for residents, but also worsens the ecology and their living environment. The “profitable-safe” dilemma can be solved by the approach of environmentally oriented selection of the type of route passenger transport and decisionmaking in favor of electric route passenger transport. The article discusses the types of such transport on the example of the experience of their use in the Republic of Belarus. The classification and systematization developed by the authors are presented with subsequent recommendations for its application. On the basis of the results of the authors’ research, the issues of interaction of rail and non-rail route vehicles with an electric drive with the organization of road traffic are separately considered. The presented materials can be useful to a wide range of readers, as well as to specialists conducting research and practical development in the field of electrically powered route vehicles and traffic management.

POLYCENTRIC MODEL OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF AGGLOMERATION AS AN ACTUAL TREND IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN MEGAPOLISES

The article considers the model of development of modern megacities and substantiates the need for the formation of a polycentric structure of the spatial development of agglomerations. The current trends in the placement of educational, research, innovation, business and shopping and entertainment functions for the development of the agglomeration territory are analyzed, the structure of the risks of implementing a polycentric model of the development of the St. Petersburg agglomeration and the directions of their leveling and overcoming are proposed. As the most important driver for the polycentric development of the St. Petersburg agglomeration, the author highlights the creation of places of employment, both in the production and post-industrial spheres – the service economy and the knowledge economy, the IT sector.

ON THE WAY TO AN INNOVATIVE ECONOMY: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES

Recognizing the special role of innovations in ensuring the economic development of Russia, the state authorities have been intensively looking for ways and means to strengthen innovation activity in Russia over the past decade. The main document proclaiming the goals and main directions of innovation policy is the Strategy of innovative development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020. Due to the fact that the implementation period has expired, the author analyzes the achievement of the goals and indicators defined in the strategy, and also draws some conclusions about the outcomes obtained by the analysis of the development of innovation activity in Russia.

REGULATION IN MANAGEMENT OF HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES

The article analyzes the institutional provision of the regulatory functions of the state in such areas as artificial intelligence and robotics. The analysis is based on the Concept of the development of regulation of relations in the field of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies until 2024. Among the problematic areas of regulation are the restriction of competition, the loss of flexibility in economic relations and the market disequilibrium. It is shown that the solution of these problems requires an integrated approach. So, to implement the concept of “smart city”, it is necessary not only to weaken or remove regulatory barriers, but also to use additional tools that have already applied in the world practice. An opportunity of applying of theoretical and methodological base of quality economics is considered. The solution to a significant part of the problems of digitalization of the region’s economy is the use in the management of the development of the “smart city” the international standard “Sustainable cities and Communities – Indicators for smart cities”.

SECTORAL SPECIAL FEATURES OF TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT OF PETERSBURG CITY AGGLOMERATION

The article presents the structure of the St. Petersburg city agglomeration at the present stage of its development: agglomeration core, zone of satellites, planning sectors. The problems and trends, sectoral special features of agglomeration development are described. The author describes the parameters of territorial development of the St. Petersburg city agglomeration, the main characteristics of its structural units: the population size, its density, the proportion of urban and rural population.

PROBLEM OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT IN CONDITIONS OF THE GLOBAL TRANSFORMATION

The new world order is being formed as a result of the humanitarian and technological revolution. Improvement of the quality of life becomes the main goal of the development. Countries with the most developed scientific and technological complex will take leading positions. A significant role in the development belongs to fundamental science, which is the only source of new knowledge. The creation of a R&D management system focused on global technology leadership is required. The new state research and development management system should be formed taking into account the external challenges and threats, the strategic goals of the state development, the development dynamics and the current status of research and development. It is also necessary to take into account the laws of scientific and technological development. The research and development management system requires significant changes to achieve the goals of national development appointed.

NEW TRENDS IN THE CRISIS SITUATION 2020–2021

The paper studies new features of Coronavirus pandemic – the third wave, increased mortality, uncertainty of future due to new strains. An unexpected trend is a rapid recovery of sharply reduced oil and gas prices and significant, therefore, increase of exports. Attention is also paid to new conditions (electrification, carbon footprint, possibility of hydrogen energy and etc.), that determine the prospects. The article focuses on demographic drama in connection with birth rate decrease, catastrophic increase of all cause mortality during pandemic, life expectancy decrease, human health deterioration, country’s population drop, that undermines the Russian people savings. Various consequences of the crisis in Russia are analyzed – a slight economy decrease and finances increase and, as a consequence of insufficient funding, record increase in total mortality in Russia and income and consumption decrease by 10–15% during the period of stagnation and crisis. The possibility of conditions and factors of sustainable socio-economic growth resumption are investigated. It is proposed to carry out a financial boost on investments in fixed and human capital, housing construction and foreign trade rise – as the main drivers of future development. The stake is placed on technological breakthrough and economic efficiency indicators increase. The necessity of structural reforms of property, financial system, regional management, transition to strategic planning following the example of China and social system is substantiated.

TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS COMPLEX OF A LARGE CITY AS A DIGITAL BUSINESS ECOSYSTEM

In the article, the author explore in sufficient detail the theoretical approaches to the definition of the concept of “complex” existing in the scientific literature, points out that at present, the features of the development of the transport and logistics complex (TLC) in relation to a large city are practically not studied, shows the difference between TLC and a cluster. The current level of development of the transport and logistics industry, the active digitalization of its business processes in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic showed the need to use new scientific approaches to the organization and functioning of the activities of enterprises in this sector of the economy, and, first of all, in the direction of creating a single information space. That is why today the adaptation of the theory of ecosystems in relation to the transport and logistics sphere has become an urgent problem. At the same time, the most urgent is the study of the problems of creating digital business ecosystems, including in the transport and logistics sector. The article discusses several scientific approaches to defining the concept of “business ecosystem”; the main features of the business ecosystem are formulated; a conceptual diagram of the TLC business ecosystem of a large city based on modern digital technologies is presented; its main elements are considered; the need to manage the process of forming the digital business ecosystem of the TLC in a large city by the relevant governing bodies is indicated.

TESTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE STREET NETWORK OF CITIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF PETROZAVODSK)

The transport network of cities can be represented as a complex of streets and passages, as well as elements of public transport infrastructure unconnected with the street and road network. It is reasonable to represent the real network in the form of a simplified network based on graph theory to analyze the properties of the transport network. There are various methods of network connectivity assessment, including those based on various indices. According to all indicators in the street and road network of the city of Petrozavodsk it is necessary to increase the number of units. The implementation of recommendations for changes of the street and road network of the city of Petrozavodsk will reduce traffic congestion, the number of accidents and transport expenses. It is recommended to use the proposed method to assess and improve the street and road network of cities.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE FEASIBILITY OF INTRA-CITY RAILWAY COMMUNICATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ST. PETERSBURG AGGLOMERATION

This article discusses the following issues: justification of the feasibility of intra-city railway communication on the example of St. Petersburg, creation of a basic algorithm for commissioning this project for this purpose, the analysis of existing methods used for the introduction of new types of transport was carried out, the main advantages and disadvantages of railway communication are given, the basic algorithm for the introduction of intra-city railway communication is given, the possibility of implementing the project in St. Petersburg is considered. The commissioning of the intra-city railway network allows: to reconsider the issue of the development of the transport network of the agglomeration, promotes the development of an off-street mode of transport that can compete with the metro, redistribute passenger flows coming from the Leningrad region and the suburbs of St. Petersburg, improve the environmental situation in the region by reducing congestion at the entrance to the city by transferring to the intra-city railway communication, which will also reduce the travel time of all traffic participants.