Identification of waste cooking oil and vegetable oil via Raman spectroscopy

Vegetable oil is considered as one among the promising alternatives for diesel fuel as it holds properties very close to diesel fuel. However, straight usage of vegetable oil in compression ignition (CI) engine resulted in inferior performance and emission behavior. This can be improved by modifying the straight vegetable oil into its esters, emulsion, and using them as a fuel in CI engine showcased an improved engine behavior. Waste cooking oil (WCO) is one such kind of vegetable oil gained a lot of attraction globally as it is generated in a large quantity locally. The present investigation aims at analyzing various parameters of single cylinder four stroke CI engine fueled with waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCOB), waste cooking oil biodiesel water emulsion (WCOBE) while the engine is operated with a constant speed of 1500 rpm. Furthermore, an attempt is made to study the impact of nanofluids in the behavior of the engine fueled with WCOB blended with nanofluids (WCOBN50). This work also explored a novel method of producing nanofluids using one-step chemical synthesis method. Copper oxide (CuO) nanofluids were prepared by the above mentioned method and blended with waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCOBN50) using ethylene glycol as a suitable emulsifier. Results revealed that brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of WCOBN50 are significantly improved when compared to WCOB and WCOBE. Furthermore, a higher reduction in oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and smoke emissions were observed with WCOBN50 on comparison with all other tested fuels at different power outputs. It is also identified that one-step chemical synthesis method is a promising technique for preparing nanofluids with a high range of stability.

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PEMANFAATAN MINYAK BEKAS PAKAI (JELANTAH) UNTUK PENGHARUM RUANGAN

LOGISTA - Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ◽

10.25077/logista.4.1.98-103.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 98

Author(s):

Nurfidah Dwitiyanti ◽

Puji Suharmanto

Keyword(s):

Community Service ◽

Vegetable Oil ◽

Economic Value ◽

Waste Cooking Oil ◽

The Body ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Used Oil ◽

Used Cooking Oil ◽

Natural Oils ◽

Natural Oil

Minyak bekas pakai (jelantah) merupakan minyak tumbuhan yang sudah digunakan untuk menggoreng. Penggunaan minyak bekas pakai mengakibatkan nilai ekonomis minyak tersebut turun dibanding minyak yang belum digunakan. Disamping itu, dengan sifat karsinogenik minyak bekas pakai sangat berbahaya bagi tubuh. Pemanfaatan minyak jelantah belum dilakukan secara optimal, karena banyaknya minyak bekas pakai yang sudah beberapa kali digunakan oleh restoran, kemudian setelahnya hanya dibuang begitu saja, tidak dimanfaatkan untuk produk lainnya. Proses pembuatan pengharum ruangan dari minyak goreng jelantah menjadi alternatif penyelesaian masalah yang patut dipertimbangkan. Pada pembuatan pengharum ruangan, minyak bekas pakai ini digunakan sebagai pengganti natural oil, yakni bahan utama untuk pengharum. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat melalui penyuluhan pembuatan pengharum ruangan dari minyak jelantah, dilakukan terhadap Ibu-ibu PKK Perumahan Pamulang Park Residence, Pamulang Barat, Kota Tangerang, Banten. Penyuluhan dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dan demo langsung di depan peserta kegiatan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini adalah peserta dengan rasa suka cita ikut serta dalam demo kegiatan pembuatan minyak bekas pakai (jelantah) untuk pengharum ruangan. Peserta pun merasa senang karena bertambahnya pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatan minyak jelantah. Harapannya dengan melakukan kegiatan penyuluhan ini, maka Ibu - Ibu PKK pada perumahan tersebut dapat ikut serta dalam upaya meningkatkan daya saing wilayahnya dengan memanfaatkan minyak jelantah. Kata kunci: Limbah Minyak Jelantah, Penyuluhan, Pengharum Ruangan, ABDIMAS, Ibu-ibu PKK ABSTRACT The used oil (waste cooking oil) is a vegetable oil that has been used for frying. The use of cooking oil affects the economic value of the cooking oil lower than unused oil. Besides that, the carcinogenic nature of used oil is very dangerous for the body. Utilization of used cooking oil has not been carried out optimally, because of the amount of used oil that has been used several times by restaurants, and afterward only available just like that, is not used for other products. The process of making room air freshener from used cooking oil becomes an alternative solution to the problem raised. In the manufacture of air fresheners, used oil is used as a substitute for natural oils, which are the main ingredients for fragrances. Community service activities through counseling on the manufacture of air freshener made from used cooking oil were carried out on PKK women in Pamulang Park Residence, Pamulang Barat, Tangerang City, Banten. Counseling was conducted using the lecture and demo method directly in front of the activity participants. The results obtained from this activity were participants who liked to take part in the demonstration of used cooking oil (waste cooking oil) for air freshener. The participants were happy because they were adding knowledge about the use of used cooking oil. It is hoped that by conducting this outreach activity, PKK ladies in this housing can participate in efforts to improve the competitiveness of their region by using used cooking oil. Keywords: Used Cooking Oil, Training, Air Freshener, ABDIMAS, PKK Womens

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The Utilization of Waste Cooking Oil As a Material of Soap

Journal of Development Research ◽

10.28926/jdr.v4i2.114 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 86-91

Author(s):

Mustakim Mustakim ◽

Rahmad Taufik ◽

Trismawati Trismawati

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Production Process ◽

Vegetable Oil ◽

Net Present Value ◽

Waste Cooking Oil ◽

Payback Period ◽

Appropriate Technology ◽

Present Value ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

The Cost

Cooking oil is a vegetable oil as a glyceride compound from various fatty acids. Cooking oil can be used up to 3-4 times for cooking. If cooking oil is used repeatedly, the fatty acids will be more saturated and can change color. The waste cooking oil is said to have been damaged and is not good for consumption and can pollute the environment. Appropriate technology is a technology designed for a particular society to be adapted to environmental, political, cultural, social, and economics aspects. The purpose of appropriate technology is to be able to save money, be easy to maintain, and minimize costs to the community. The appropriate technology in this study aims to facilitate the production process of making soap or can also achieve the desired goals effectively in a place or production. The results of this research are mixer and soap products, which are mixers made from used materials to be used as soap making tools. For the processing of soap products, cooking oil waste is used, which is known that the cost of production per soap bar is Rp578.00. Researchers sell it at a price of Rp1,000.00. The Break Event Point (BEP) value is 200 bars of soap per year or Rp200,000.00. Net Present Value (NPV) in 4 years is Rp9,498,061.00, and the Return of Investment (ROI) from the payback period is 0.9 months.

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Detection of olive oil adulteration with waste cooking oil via Raman spectroscopy combined with iPLS and SiPLS

Spectrochimica Acta Part A Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy ◽

10.1016/j.saa.2017.06.049 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 189 ◽

pp. 37-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Yuanpeng Li ◽

Tao Fang ◽

Siqi Zhu ◽

Furong Huang ◽

Zhenqiang Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Raman Spectroscopy ◽

Olive Oil ◽

Waste Cooking Oil ◽

Cooking Oil

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Biodiesel production from used vegetable oil (sunflower cooking oil) using eggshell as bio catalyst

Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering ◽

10.31699/ijcpe.2019.4.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 21-25

Author(s):

Marwan Hussien ◽

Hayder Abdul hameed

Keyword(s):

Vegetable Oil ◽

Waste Cooking Oil ◽

Commercial Production ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Catalyst Loading ◽

Mixing Rate ◽

Animal Fats ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Oil Sunflower ◽

Diesel Production

Bio-diesel is an attractive fuel fordiesel engines. The feedstock for bio-diesel production is usually vegetable oil, waste cooking oil, or animal fats. This work provides an overview concerning bio-diesel production. Also, this work focuses on the commercial production of biodiesel. The objective is to study the influence of these parameters on the yield of produced. The biodiesel production affecting by many parameters such s alcohol ratio (5%, 10%,15 %, 20%,25%,30%35% vol.), catalyst loading (5,10,15,20,25) g,temperature (45,50,55,60,65,70,75)°C,reaction time (0-6) h, mixing rate (400-1000) rpm. the maximum bio-diesel production yield (95%) was obtained using 20% methanol ratio and 15g biocatalyst at 60°C.

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Evaluation of Predictive Capabilities of Regression Models and Artificial Neural Networks for Density and Viscosity Measurements of Different Biodiesel-Diesel-Vegetable Oil Ternary Blends

Environmental and Climate Technologies ◽

10.2478/rtuect-2018-0012 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 179-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mert Gulum ◽

Funda Kutlu Onay ◽

Atilla Bilgin

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Artificial Neural Networks ◽

Vegetable Oil ◽

Vegetable Oils ◽

Diesel Fuel ◽

Alternative Fuels ◽

Waste Cooking Oil ◽

Ternary Blends ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Artificial Neural

Abstract Nowadays, biodiesel and vegetable oils have received increasing attention as renewable clean alternative fuels to fossil diesel fuel because of decreasing petroleum reserves and increasing environmental concerns. However, the straight use of biodiesel and vegetable oils in pure form results in several operational and durability problems in diesel engines because of their higher viscosity than fossil diesel fuel. One of the most used methods for solving the high viscosity problem is to blend them with fossil diesel fuel or alcohol. The reliable viscosity and density data of various biodiesel-diesel-alcohol ternary blends or biodiesel-diesel binary blends are plentifully available in existing literature, however, there is still the scarcity of dependable measurement values on different biodiesel-diesel-vegetable oil ternary blends at various temperatures. Therefore, in this study, waste cooking oil biodiesel (ethyl ester) was produced, and it was blended with fossil diesel fuel and waste cooking oil at different volume ratios to prepare ternary blends. Viscosities and densities of the ternary blends were determined at different temperatures according to DIN 53015 and ISO 4787 standards, respectively. The variation in viscosity with respect to temperature and oil fraction and the change of density vs. temperature were evaluated, rational and exponential models were proposed for these variations, and these models were tested against the density and viscosity data measured by the authors, Nogueira et al. and Baroutian et al. by comparing them to Gupta et al. model, linear model, Cragoe model and ANN (artificial neural networks) previously recommended in existing literature.

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A Life Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel Fuel Produced From Waste Cooking Oil

ASME 2020 Power Conference ◽

10.1115/power2020-16240 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hannah Torres ◽

Kayla Camacho ◽

Nelson Macken

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Vegetable Oil ◽

Waste Cooking Oil ◽

Oil Refining ◽

Biodiesel Fuel ◽

Soy Oil ◽

Waste Oil ◽

Oil Processing ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Waste Vegetable Oil

Abstract Biofuels have received considerable attention as a more sustainable solution for transportation fuels. Used vegetable oil, normally considered a waste product, has been suggested as a possible candidate. Herein we perform a life cycle assessment to determine the environmental impact of biodiesel fuel produced from waste vegetable oil. We present a cradle to fuel model that includes the following unit processes: growing and harvesting, soy oil processing, cooking, waste vegetable oil refining, transesterification to produce biodiesel fuel and transportation when required. For growing and harvesting, national historical data for yields, energy required for machinery, fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium), herbicides, pesticides and nitrous oxide production are considered. In soy oil processing, crushing and extraction using hexane are included. For cooking, typical fryer performance and food production are considered. In order to determine a mass balance for the cooking operation, oil carryout and waste oil removal are estimated. During waste oil refining, oil is filtered and water removed. Methanol and a catalyst are used in the process of transesterification with glycerin as a byproduct. Transportation is considered using diesel trucks. Data from GREET is used throughout to compute global warming potential (GWP) and energy consumption in terms of cumulative energy demand (CED). Mass allocation is applied to the soy meal produced in refining, oil utilized for cooking and glycerin produced during transesterification. Results are compared to traditional diesel fuel and gasoline. Individual processes are examined to determine possibilities for reduction of GWP and CED. Suggestions are made for improvements in environmental impact using alternative or more efficient methods. The study should provide useful information on the sustainability of biodiesel fuel produced from waste cooking oil.

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Performance Characteristics of C.I. Engine with Bio-diesel Blends of Jatropha, Soya Bean Oil and Waste Cooking Oil at Fixed Compression Ratio

International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems ◽

10.4273/ijvss.10.3.11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Dinesh Ramchandani ◽

Yogendra Rathore ◽

R.K. Pandey

Keyword(s):

Vegetable Oil ◽

Compression Ratio ◽

Diesel Fuel ◽

Waste Cooking Oil ◽

Performance Characteristics ◽

Fuel Blend ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Potential Alternative ◽

Performance Check ◽

A Performance

In this paper raw oil (jatropha, soybean and waste cooking fuel) is taken as potential alternative fuel for C.I. engines. The best distinction between these 3 kinds of oils and diesel fuel is viciousness. Every vegetable oil is blended with diesel in variable proportion (20% - 50%). Two sets of experiments are conducted for every fuel blend. First experiment is focussed on a performance check for pure diesel fuel. Second experiment is focussed on a performance check using many blends for each of Jatropha-diesel, soybean-diesel and waste cooking oil-diesel at fixed compression ratio of 18. The results of performance characteristics such as brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency for every vegetable oil-diesel blends are compared with that using diesel fuel alone.

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Karakteristik Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah menggunakan Katalis Abu Gosok dengan Variasi Penambahan Metanol

CHEMPUBLISH JOURNAL ◽

10.22437/chp.v3i1.5774 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Yelmira Zalfiatri ◽

Fajar Restuhadi ◽

Rizky Zulhardi

Keyword(s):

Methyl Ester ◽

Vegetable Oil ◽

Research Method ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Waste Cooking Oil ◽

Flash Point ◽

Saponification Number ◽

Cooking Oil ◽

Total Glycerol

Biodiesel is the reaction esterification and transesterification between oil and alcohol. Biodiesel raw materials in the form of vegetable oil, one of which is Waste Cooking Oil (WCO). This study aims to obtain the addition of the best methanol in the manufacture of biodiesel from cooking oil. The research method used Randomized Complete Design (RAL) with M1 treatment (methanol 65 ml), M2 (methanol 75 ml), M3 (methanol 85 ml) and M4 (95 ml methanol). The best result was obtained with addition of 95 ml of methanol (M4) with 0.42 mg KOH / g, total glycerol 0,08%, flash point 227 ° C, saponification number 123,46 mg KOH / g and methyl ester 99 , 4%.

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