The Main Trends in National Economic Disparities since the Industrial Revolution

1981 ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bairoch
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
National Economic

Manajemen Ekonomi Outopilot: Kegagalan Negara Mencari Identitas?

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Mukhaer Pakkanna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Democracy ◽  
Economic Democracy ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Production And Distribution

Political democracy should be equivalent to the economic development of the quality of democracy, economic democracy if not upright, even the owner of the ruling power and money, which is parallel to force global corporatocracy. Consequently, the economic oligarchy preservation reinforces control of production and distribution from upstream to downstream and power monopoly of the market. The implication, increasingly sharp economic disparities, exclusive owner of the money and power become fertile, and the end could jeopardize the harmony of the national economy. The loss of national economic identity that makes people feel lost the “pilot of the state”. What happens then is the autopilot state. Viewing unclear direction of the economy, the national economy should clarify the true figure.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF E-COMMERCE AND E-ENTREPRENEURSHIP CHALLENGES ON DIGITAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN WEST SUMATRA IN SUPPORTING NATIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 808-814
Author(s):  
Siti Rahmi ◽  
Poppy Fauziati ◽  
Erni Febrina Harahap ◽  
Neva Novianti ◽  
Daniati Puttri
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Business People ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
National Economic ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Regression Tests ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Purpose of study: This study aims to present empirical evidence about the analysis of e-entrepreneurship and e-commerce of digital economic development in West Sumatra in supporting national economic growth. Methodology: the hypothesis used in the statistical method of this study is to test the classical assumption and multiple regression tests and descriptive statistical analysis. Result: The results indicate that an increase in the number of E-entrepreneurship in Indonesia, especially in West Sumatra, provides a significant overall effect on national economic growth, the statistical result is 0.002% but the development of business people and the digital market developments haven't been significant because it is greater than alpha 5%. Application: In the digital era there are still many challenges faced, especially related to the absorption of skilled labor and can be supported e-entrepreneurship. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the strength of e-entrepreneurship in the digital economy to increase income and encourage national economic growth. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research has never been studied before in West Sumatra and raises a developing theme of the technological advancements of the industrial revolution and the digital era that can enhance the economic growth of a region.

Business Groups in the West

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Business Groups ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Organization Model ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Large Enterprises

This volume aims to explore the long-term evolution of different varieties of large enterprises in today’s developed economies. It focuses on the economic institution of business groups and attempts to comprehend the factors behind their rise, growth, struggle, and resilience; their behavioral and organizational characteristics; and their roles in national economic development. The volume seeks to enhance the scholarly and policy-oriented understanding of business groups in developed economies by bringing together state-of-the-art research on the characteristics and contributions of large enterprises in an evolutionary perspective. While business groups are a dominant and critical organization model in contemporary emerging economies and have lately attracted much attention in academic circles and business presses, their counterparts in developed economies have not been systematically examined. This book aims to fill this gap in the literature and is the first scholarly attempt to explore the evolutional paths and contemporary roles of business groups in developed economies from an internationally comparative perspective. In doing so, it argues that business groups actually rose to function as a critical factor of industrial dynamics in the context of the Second Industrial Revolution in the late nineteenth century. They have adapted their characteristic roles and transformed to fit to the changing market and institutional settings. As they flexibly co-evolve with the environment, the volume shows that business groups can remain as a viable organization model in the world’s most advanced economies today.

scholarly journals Prospect Prediction Model Of Indonesian Telematics Medium Large Size Enterprises Using Deep Learning Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Eneng Tita Tosida ◽  
Fajar Delli Wihartiko ◽  
Utep Utep ◽  
Fredi Andria
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Target Class ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Attribute Analysis ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Economic Census ◽  
Development Plans

Analysis of business prospects is an important part of predicting a country's economic conditions. Currently, the prediction of prospects for medium-big sized enterprises (MLE) in the telematics sector has not been widely researched and represented as a factor of economic development in Indonesia. In fact, in accordance with the development of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, the telematics sector business is one of the pillars that is a priority to be developed in Indonesia. The main purpose of this study is to construct the prediction model for prospects in the Indonesian telematics LME sector using a deep learning approach. We used data from the 2016 National Economic Census as many as 2500 preprocessed data. The deep learning approach in this study used a multilayer perceptrón (MLP) architecture, 17 attributes, 3 hidden layers and 5 target classes. The attributes in question include province, business owner education, legal entity status, length of operation, business network, total assets, business lava, number of workers, difficulties, partnerships, marketing innovations, comparison of profit with the previous year, and development plans. The target class of prospects are excellent, good, neutral, bad and very bad. The optimal results were achieved in epoch 50 conditions with a learning reate of 0.2 and an accuracy rate of 98.80%. Based on the prediction model, this business prospect can be used as a reference for the development of MLE in the telematics sector in Indonesia. This prospect model still lacks visualization and attribute analysis that affects the classification of prospects for Indonesian telematics MLE. Research development opportunities can be carried out through the integration of the whitebox model in the deep learning model and complementing a web-based graphical user interface (GUI) to make it easier for stakeholders to develop strategies based on the strength of attributes that affect the prospects for MLE Telematics Indonesia. This is expected to boost the competitiveness of the prospects for Indonesian telematics MLE.

scholarly journals The EFFECT OF SPIRITUAL, EFFECTIVE, AND LEARNING LEADERSHIP ON THE BATAM MADANI SOCIETY THROUGH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE HEAD OF VOCATIONAL SCHOOL IN THE CITY OF BATAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Jogie Suaduon ◽  
Chablullah Wibisono ◽  
Andika Prasetya Nugraha ◽  
Supardi ◽  
Aludin Andi
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Public Servant ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The City

“Manifestation of Batam Toward Civilized Global Portand be National Economic Growth Locomotive" is the Vision of Batam City which provides an understanding, making Batam City as a City that will develop rapidly in the future, a City that can be aligned with other big cities. The development of human resources is an important factor in facing the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. To have quality human resources, education is needed so that human resources are able to compete tightly. The purpose of this research is to look at the effect of the performance of the head of vocational school in Batam on the competencies of school graduates who are expected to be able to compete in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. The population in this study were public servant teachers, amounting to 120 respondents with the census method, used as a sample population. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The software used for structural analysis is AMOS version 23 of Arbuckle. The results showed that the Learning Leadership Variable was more prominent than the other variables as the main shaper of the Influence of Leadership in Vocational High Schools in Batam on the Competence of Graduates.

scholarly journals DIGITALIZATION: CRIMINAL LAW RISKS IN THE ECONOMY

2019 ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
A. A. Aryamov ◽  
Yu. V. Gracheva
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Remote Access ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Automatic Software ◽  
Criminal Legislation

Any industrial revolution not only opens up new opportunities for society and the state, but also endows criminals with previously non-existing methods and tools for committing crimes. Automation and production robotization, artificial intelligence, 3D printing, the creation of new materials and technologies (biotechnologies and information technologies), etc characterize the fourth industrial revolution. One of the objects of the criminal law protection under threat of harm due to digitalization is the economy (public relations arising from ensuring the normal functioning of the economy as a single national economic complex).At present, it is possible to distinguish such cyber threats for the economy as attacks on banks, on a broker, on a settlement system, embezzlement through Internet banking and some other actions carried out through the use of malicious programs. Their main purpose is misappropriation of other people’s property. The most common methods of embezzlement are the manual transfer of funds from the computer of the account owner through the remote access, automatic software upload, social engineering method, the use of an ransomware program, illegal use of the brand, etc.In the conditions of digitalization, the science of criminal law faces the task of developing a model for systematic updating of domestic criminal legislation, developing general rules and clear criteria for its implementation, rather than a spontaneous response to the immediate needs of a law enforcer by designing special cybercrime compounds.

scholarly journals Digital Innovation and Capability to Create Competitiveness Model of Cooperatives in Bandung, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Ratri Wahyuningtyas ◽  
Ganjar M Disastra ◽  
Risris Rismayani
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Digital Innovation ◽  
Equitable Distribution ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Poverty Levels

Digital innovation refers to innovations that take advantage of digital technology to obtain new results from digitalization. Currently the digital innovation process has been implemented in a competitive and cooperative setting. Cooperatives as social organizations are required to be able to follow environmental regulations by implementing digital innovation to accelerate national economic growth, reduce poverty levels, and support equitable distribution of people's income. The inability of cooperatives to adapt to meet needs and balance the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 will result in a downturn in cooperative management, such as what happened in 2017 where almost 40% of cooperatives in West Java were inactive. In digital innovation, digital capability are also needed to connect digital technology with professional digital talent. The purpose of this study is to identify and formulate a competitiveness model through digital innovation and capabilities with government support for cooperatives in Bandung. Primary data technique consists of distributing questionnaires, interviews and secondary data through literature studies. Keywords— Digital innovation; capabilities; competitiveness; cooperatives

scholarly journals Industrial Revolution and Technological Pattern: Essential Characteristics, Similarities and Distinctive Features

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
Irina Averina
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Differential Development ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Stage Development ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Industrial Revolutions

The article analyzes the evolution of the phenomena “technological order” and “industrial revolution”, which made it possible to form the author’s model for the phenomena under study. As a result of considering these characteristics of the designated economic indicators, groups of features were formulated that characterize the concepts from the point of view of identity, as well as groups of features indicating their main distinctive and specific characteristics. The study of the origin of these terms also influenced the possibility of defining these phenomena from the standpoint of the dynamic nature (origin, formation, development, transformation, adaptation) of each of the components within their stage-by-stage development. The indicated evolutionary character can be traced within the framework of the change of each of the technological orders (the first (1785– 1835), second (1830–1890), third (1880–1940), fourth (1930–1990), fifth (1985–2035), sixth (2010–2060)) and industrial revolutions (First (18th – 19th centuries), Second (second half of the 19th century – early 20th century), Third (1960 – the first decade of the 20th century, Fourth (2011 – up to the present time), which predetermines the differential development of national economic systems as a whole.

Energy, transport, and consumption in the Industrial Revolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Tainter ◽  
Temis G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Underlying Assumption

Abstract We question Baumard's underlying assumption that humans have a propensity to innovate. Affordable transportation and energy underpinned the Industrial Revolution, making mass production/consumption possible. Although we cannot accept Baumard's thesis on the Industrial Revolution, it may help explain why complexity and innovation increase rapidly in the context of abundant energy.

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