Application of the Model with a Non-Gaussian Linear Scalar Filters to Determine Life Expectancy, Taking into Account the Cause of Death

2019 ◽  
pp. 435-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Sliwka
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Non Gaussian ◽  
Linear Scalar

Changes in mortality by cause of death in Polish voivodships

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 30-53
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Wróblewska
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Decomposition Technique ◽  
Avoidable Mortality ◽  
Mortality Causes ◽  
Causes Of Deaths

This study analyses the avoidable mortality in Poland at the regional level of 16 voivodships over the last two decades, 1991–2010. The author divided the mortality causes into three groups: treatable disease, preventable diseases and ischemic heart disease. We used a decomposition technique to calculate the contribution of changes in mortality from these conditions to changes in life expectancy between birth and age 75 for the two periods 1991–2000 and 2000–2010 by sex and age group. The analyses were based on temporary life expectancy between birth and age 75 (e0–75). Chiang’s method was used for constructing abridged life tables, and Arriaga’s method was used for decomposition. The results revealed differences in the temporary life expectancy level and pace of change between voivodships, causes of deaths and sex.

scholarly journals Potential gain in life expectancy by gender after elimination of a specific cause of death in urban India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1848
Author(s):  
Bal Kishan Gulati ◽  
Damodar Sahu ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
M. V. Vardhana Rao
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Average Life Span ◽  
Maximum Gain ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Potential Gain ◽  
Urban India

Background: Life expectancy is a statistical measure to depict average life span a person is expected to live at a given age under given age-specific mortality rates. Cause-elimination life table measures potential gain in life expectancy after elimination of a specific disease. The present study aims to estimate potential gain in life expectancy by gender in urban India after complete and partial elimination of ten leading causes of deaths using secondary data of medical certification of cause of death (MCCD) for the year 2015.Methods: Life table method was used for estimating potential gain after eliminating diseases to the tune of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%.Results: Maximum gain in life expectancy at birth estimated from complete elimination of diseases of the circulatory system (11.1 years in males versus 13.1 years in females); followed by certain infectious and parasitic diseases (2.2  versus 2.1 years); diseases of the respiratory system (2.2 versus 2.1); injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (1.1 versus 0.7); neoplasms (0.9 versus 1.0); endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (0.8 versus 0.9); diseases of the digestive system (0.8 versus 0.4); diseases of the genitourinary system (0.6 versus 0.6); diseases of the nervous system (0.4 versus 0.4); and diseases of blood & blood forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism (0.2 versus 0.3 years).Conclusions: Elimination of the circulatory diseases resulted into maximum gain in life expectancy. These findings may have implications in setting up health goals, allocating resources and launching tailor-made health programmes.

Overall Mortality, Incremental Life Expectancy, and Cause of Death at 25 Years in the Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias

2010 ◽  
Vol 251 (6) ◽  
pp. 1034-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Buchwald ◽  
Kyle D. Rudser ◽  
Stanley E. Williams ◽  
Van N. Michalek ◽  
James Vagasky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Overall Mortality

scholarly journals Main components of life expectancy increase during the cardiovascular revolution in spain

2020 ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Aina Faus-Bertomeu ◽  
Ramón Domènech Giménez ◽  
Svitlana Poniakina ◽  
Noelia Cámara-Izquierdo ◽  
Rosa Gómez-Redondo
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

The circulatory system diseases have contributed decisively to an increase in life expectancy (LE) in Spain. The contribution to LE is calculated through a decomposition analysis by sex and five-year age groups. We divide the years studied into two periods, 1980–1996 and 1996–2012. Using the Human Cause-of-Death Database (HCD), we examine specific subcauses at a 4-digit ICD-10 level and how they contribute to the change in LE among men and among women. The analysis shows that cerebrovascular diseases (CBVDs) contribute most to years gained until 1996, while ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) contribute most thereafter. Among women, the largest increase is due to specific CBVDs subcauses; among men IHD subcauses also have an important role. Regarding contribution by age, gains by CVDs are particularly significant at older ages, while contributions by IHDs are more relevant from the age of 50 onwards, especially among men. Furthermore, the gender gap in LE is influenced by the different evolution of various circulatory diseases during the period of study, but the evolution of these diseases is not always reflected equally in both sexes. The study evidences the need for greater precision in the registers in order to take advantage of the potentialities of the 4-digit classification of the ICD, thus leading to a better in depth knowledge in health trends. Finally, it shows the mortality due to modifiable factors mainly classified in IHDs, and the consequent need for the Spanish health system to act on them.Las enfermedades del sistema circulatorio, han contribuido de manera decisiva al aumento de la esperanza de vida (LE) en España. Las contribuciones a la LE se calculan a través de un análisis de descomposición por sexo y grupos de edad quinquenales. Dividimos los años estudiados en dos períodos, 1980–1996 y 1996–2012. Utilizando la Human Cause-of-Death Database (HCD), examinamos subcausas específicas a un nivel de 4 dígitos de ICD-10 y cómo contribuyen al aumento o disminución de LE tanto en hombres como en mujeres. El análisis muestra que las enfermedades cerebrovasculares (CBVD) son las que más contribuyen a los años ganados hasta 1996, mientras que las enfermedades isquémicas (IHD) son las que más contribuyen posteriormente. Entre las mujeres, el mayor aumento se debe a subcausas específicas de las CBVD; en los hombres, las subcausas de IHD también tienen un papel importante. En lo que respecta a la contribución por edad, las ganancias por CBVDs son particularmente significativas en las edades mayores, mientras que las contribuciones por las IHD son más relevantes a partir de los 50 años, especialmente entre los hombres. La brecha entre hombres y mujeres en la LE está influenciada por la evolución diferente de varias enfermedades circulatorias durante el período de estudio, pero la evolución de estas enfermedades no siempre se refleja por igual en ambos sexos. Además, se pone en evidencia la necesidad de una mayor precisión en los registros para aprovechar las potencialidades de la clasificación a 4 dígitos de la CIE, alcanzando de este modo un conocimiento más profundo de las tendencias de salud. Finalmente, el estudio muestra la mortalidad debida a factores modificables que se clasifican principalmente en las IHD, y la consiguiente necesidad de que el sistema de salud español actúe sobre ellas.

scholarly journals 20-years dynamics of tuberculosis and HIV mortality and of their contribution to life expectancy reduction in the population of Krasnoyarsk

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
A.N. Narkevich ◽  
◽  
K.A. Vinogradov ◽  
A.A. Narkevich ◽  
A.M. Grjibovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Hiv Mortality ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Population Mortality

Aim of the study. To study the dynamics of mortality from tuberculosis and HIV as well as their contribution to life expectancy reduction in Krasnoyarsk Krai population over a period of 20 years. Material and methods. We used primary databases of Krasnoyarsk Krai population mortality for the period from 1999 to 2018. The direct method of standardisation according to the European standard of population age structure was applied for calculation of the standardised population mortality ratio. In order to analyse mortality in the population of the WHO European region and the CIS, the data of the European health information gateway were used (https://gateway.euro.who.int). Results. It has been established that female mortality from certain infectious and parasitic diseases has increased signifi cantly (from 13.2 to 22.7 per 100,000 of female population) in the cause of death structure of Krasnoyarsk Krai within the 20-years period. Analysis of Krasnoyarsk Krai mortality from such specifi c conditions as tuberculosis and HIV has shown signifi cant decrease in tuberculosis mortality rate which complies with the global trend in the dynamics of mortality from this disease, while the rate of reduction for this index surpasses that of CIS countries. Th e analysis has established signifi cant growth of HIV mortality in Krasnoyarsk Krai population, especially female (up to 11.6 per 100,000 of female population). Conclusion. There has been a change of the leading mortality cause in the structure of population mortality from certain infectious and parasitic diseases over the period of 2016-2017. From that moment, the leading role in the cause of death structure of Krasnoyarsk Krai in this class of causes belongs to HIV

scholarly journals Mortality Cause in Goldsmith Workers of Bangladesh: Findings From Verbal Autopsy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmida Afroz Khan ◽  
Md. Khalequzzaman ◽  
Mohammad Tanvir Islam ◽  
Ataur Rahman ◽  
Shahrin Emdad Rayna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
World Health ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: Information on the mortality causes of goldsmith workers in Bangladesh is very limited. This study was conducted to find out the causes of death in this group of population.Methods: The study subject was deceased goldsmith workers where face-to-face interviews were conducted with the family members who were present during the deceased's illness preceding death. A World Health Organization recommended questionnaire was adapted to conduct 20 deceased goldsmith workers' verbal autopsy. Causes of death were determined by reviewing the outcomes of the interviews by the expert physicians.Results: The mean age of the goldsmith workers at death was 59.2 ± 9.3 years. Among the deceased goldsmith workers, 70.0% were smokers, and 50.0% of them were alcohol consumers. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were the most common immediate and underlying cause of death (55.0% and 45.0%, respectively). Acute ischemic heart disease was the single most common (30.0%) immediate cause of death among the deceased goldsmith workers, whereas, for underlying causes of death, it was both acute and chronic ischemic heart diseases (35.0%).Conclusions: The life expectancy of goldsmith workers was much lower than the average life expectancy of Bangladesh, where CVD was the common cause of death. Smoking and alcohol consumption were prevalent among the majority of the deceased goldsmith workers. Awareness of healthy lifestyles should be prioritized for a successful CVD control program for this population. Trial registration: Not applicable.

scholarly journals Recent decline in life expectancy at birth in Slovenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleša Lotrič Dolinar ◽  
Jože Sambt
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Decomposition Technique ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Table Model ◽  
Life Table Model ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
External Causes

For many decades, life expectancy at birth (e0) in Slovenia has been increasing at a very rapid pace. However, in 2015, e0 declined slightly; it recovered in 2016, but fell again in 2017 for women. In the same period, a pause in declining mortality was observed in numerous developed countries worldwide. It is too early to provide a thorough analysis and firm conclusions, but we shed some light on the topic by decomposing the observed decline in Slovenia by age and cause of death. In particular, using a life table model and life expectancy decomposition technique, we analyse what cause of death for what age group contributed the most to this decline in life expectancy at birth. We show that the main reason for the recent drop in life expectancy at birth in Slovenia was higher mortality due to external causes for men of all ages and due to neoplasms for women above 60 years and men above 50 years.

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