Legal Framework for the Implementation of the Powers of Local Government Bodies to Organize Transport Services for the Population

2021 ◽  
pp. 1695-1702
Author(s):  
Marina F. Konstantinidi ◽  
Shamu S. Denilhanov ◽  
Igor A. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Transport Services

Action against smog at local government level in relation to urban public transport: evidence from selected Polish cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Tomaszyk
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Decisive Action

Abstract All of us wish to breathe clean air. In recent years, a problem of growing importance is how to combat particulates which cause smog and are harmful to the human environment. International forums have adopted documents to prevent carpet emissions. As a result, public authorities in individual states have to tackle the tough challenge of implementing new regulations via their legal framework and administrative practice. The slogans “Clean Air” and “Right to Clean Air” trigger off grassroots movements which strive to coax the units of local government to take decisive action on a pro-ecological transport policy. While mindful of the influence of polluted air on human health, local interest groups have social control of authorities. The objectives of the article are to present the legal framework for the ‘smog alert’ and free public transport initiatives, and to analyse how local authorities have implemented free public transport, whether for all a city’s residents or just for the drivers who decide to forgo driving and have to show valid vehicle registration certificates to use public transport for free. The paper draws upon interviews and a critical review of substantive literature about the techniques for reducing smog. A scientific approach is adopted to the major body of work. Additionally, the analysis compares the pro-ecological activities of local governments in selected Polish cities. It focuses directly on the subjects managing public transport and the operators offering transport services.

El principio de autonomía local en el régimen vasco del gobierno local

2017 ◽  
pp. 81-106
Author(s):  
Luciano PAREJO ALFONSO
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Legal System ◽  
National Level ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Government Effectiveness ◽  
Full Development ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Broad Interpretation

LABURPENA: Lan honen hasieran toki-gobernuaren EAEko araubide legalari dagokion planteamendua zehaztu da, baita estatu mailako esparru konstituzionalean eta legalean txertatzeko baldintzak ere (modu zabal eta ulergarrian interpretatuz bai Tokiko Autonomiaren Europako Gutunaren, bai Europar Batasuneko jatorrizko eskubidearen aurreikuspenak); planteamendu horrek, ondorioz, Euskadiko lurralde-antolaketa berezian bete beharko duen funtzioa ere aztertu da; jarraian, toki-autonomiaren printzipioaren erabateko garapena identifikatu du, EAEko legelariaren funtsezko helburu gisa, eta definitutako toki-gobernuaren estatutuan helburu horrek izango lituzkeen ondorioak argitu ditu. Oinarri horretatik abiatuta tokiko autonomiaren kontzepzioa aztertu du, eta horri erantzuten dio; bukatzeko, aipatutako autonomiaren eraginkortasuna bermatzeko baliatutako prebentzio-mekanismo berritzaileak azaldu ditu. RESUMEN: Este trabajo comienza por precisar el planteamiento a que responde el régimen legal vasco del gobierno local, los términos de su inserción en el marco constitucional y legal estatal (interpretado correctamente de forma amplia y comprensiva, por tanto, de las previsiones tanto de la Carta Europea de Autonomía Local, como del Derecho originario de la Unión Europea) y la consecuente función que está destinado a cumplir en la peculiar organización territorial de Euskadi, para identificar seguidamente el pleno desarrollo del principio de autonomía local como objetivo fundamental del legislador vasco y precisar las consecuencias de tal objetivo en el estatuto del gobierno local que define. Sobre esta base analiza la concepción de la autonomía local en la que descansa y a la que el mismo responde para concluir con la exposición de los novedosos mecanismos preventivos que pone al servicio de la garantía de la efectividad de la referida autonomía. ABSTRACT: This paper aims at specifying the legal system rationale for the Basque Country’s local government, the terms of its insertion within the Constitutional and legal framework at the National level –with a broad interpretation, including, therefore, both, the European Charter of Local Self-Government, and the European Primary Law-, and the resulting role this legal system has to play in the special territorial organization of Euskadi. Following that, the paper tries to identify the full development of the principle of local self-government as the main objective of the Basque legislator, indicating its consequences within the local government statute defined by it. On this basis, the paper analyzes the local self-government conception of the principle previously indicated, and concludes outlining new preventive mechanisms that are placed in the service of the referred self-government effectiveness.

scholarly journals Decentralizacja władzy publicznej a samorząd terytorialny w III RP. Analiza zagadnienia na wybranych przykładach

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-56
Author(s):  
Paweł Skorut ◽  
◽  
Bartłomiej Stawarz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Political System ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
The Third ◽  
Thirtieth Anniversary ◽  
Democratic Political System

In 2020, the local government of the Third Polish Republic is celebrating its thirtieth anniversary within the legal framework of the democratic political system. This is a celebration of not only the success of the 1989 Autumn of Nations but of the citizens participating in the co-creation and development of their own local homelands. In contrast, the activities of the central authorities which, frequently governed by the reason of the state, attempt to bind local self-governments more closely, often straining their constitutional value of autonomy.

E-Government in Namibia

2015 ◽  
pp. 196-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathrine T. Nengomasha ◽  
Wilhelm E. Uutoni
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Implementation Strategy ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Physical Context ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Desk Research

This chapter discusses e-government initiatives in Namibia. A literature review shows that worldwide most e-government initiatives at national and local government are associated with the creation of websites with the aim of enhancing access to information. Whilst most governments are at this stage, a few have moved on to the stage of providing personalised e-services. The chapter provides the physical context, e-government readiness status, including the legal framework, and the implementation of e-government in Namibia. It also looks at the public or citizens' awareness of e-government. Using desk research, the chapter presents indicators used in e-government readiness assessments from various studies to show the level of Namibia's e-government adoption. A number of the indicators reflect some of the factors that hinder Namibia's progress in e-government implementation. In Namibia's case, some of these include the low usage of ICTs and affordability. The study concludes that Namibia is still at level one of its four-phase e-government implementation strategy.

Bribed into Cooperation: Subsidised Inter-municipal Cooperation in Slovenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-733
Author(s):  
Irena Bačlija Brajnik ◽  
Vladimir Prebilič
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Empirical Analyses

Due to the extreme heterogeneity of municipal sizes resulting in a number of small municipalities that are struggling to meet regulatory demands and standards, Slovenia should be the poster child for inter-municipal cooperation. This, coupled with the absence of a second level of local government, should make for flourishing inter-municipal cooperation. This article demonstrates how sound arguments for the establishment of inter-municipal cooperation do not always achieve favourable results – as in a vibrant and productive web of inter-municipal dialogue and cooperation. It was only after significant governmental subsidies were implemented in Slovenia that the municipalities initiated a cooperation process; however, that process only extended to subsidised tasks. The results of the empirical analyses show that a bottom-up process might take too long a time, while a local government (legal) framework may inhibit cooperation due to the fear of losing authority over municipal tasks.

Laws as an Instrument of Policy: A Study in Central-Local Government Relations

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Page
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Direct Reference ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Government Relations ◽  
Local Services

ABSTRACTLaw is an instrument which can be used by central government to influence its environment, including other levels of government. This paper examines a number of fundamental questions about the nature of legal influence upon local authorities in Britain. Legislation affects local authorities in a variety of ways: through making direct reference to local authority organisations and the services they provide; through affecting all large organisations, public or private; and through affecting the organisations and individuals with which local authorities interact. In the 1970s a large proportion of legislation was concerned with the financial aspects of local services. Relatively few laws make substantive changes in the legal framework within which local authorities operate and much legislation can be categorised as ‘anodyne’. However, particular items of legislation can produce such substantive changes in public policies and in the powers of different organisations within government.

scholarly journals Informal Financial Institution and Sustainable Development Goal of Poverty Reduction in Kogi State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Oluwoyo, J. Temidayo ◽  
Audu Peter
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Least Square ◽  
The Masses

Among the various SDGs, Poverty reduction which is the foremost goal is fundamental, strategic and crucial to the achievement of the other goals in which can be achieved among other ways with an efficient, effective, diverse, indigenous and innovative financial market. With a dualised financial market inherent in Nigerian economy as obtainable in most developing countries, the study seeks to study the role of the informal financial institution on the sustainable goal of poverty reduction in Nigeria with particular reference to Kogi State using the Moneylender theory as its theoretical Framework. The study sampled 600 respondents using stratified sampling technique carried out by dividing the population into 3 subsets based on the senatorial districts ( East, West, Central) 4 local government areas are randomly selected from each of the senatorial districts, 10 wards were selected from each of the local government area to give a total of 120 stratum. 10 respondents were selected from each of the wards  concluded whose response was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Ordinary Least square hence the result showed that Non financial institution is a potential voyage toward the actualization of the Sustainable goal of poverty reduction in Kogi state, Nigeria and recommended that  Institutional and legal framework be structured to enable non financial institution to perform the role of money lender while serving as intermediary between the complex financial institution and the unorganised low income earners alias the  masses and those in the social recesses of the society.

scholarly journals Bērnu tiesības uz materiālo nodrošinājumu: tiesiskais regulējums un piedziņas problemātika

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Sanita Vanaga
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Child Support ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local

Neapšaubāmi, viens no svarīgākajiem jautājumiem ir bērnu tiesību aizsardzība. Sanita Vanaga savā rakstā analizē problemātiku, kas saistīta ar materiālā nodrošinājuma tiesisko regulējumu un uzturlīdzekļu piedziņu. Bērnu tiesības uz materiālo nodrošinājumu ir būtiska un neatņemama cilvēktiesību sastāvdaļa, kas nostiprināta gan nacionālajos, gan arī starptautiskajos tiesību aktos. S. Vanaga analizē bērnu materiālo vajadzību nodrošināšanai nepieciešamo uzturlīdzekļu būtību un apjomu atkarībā no bērna juridiskā statusa. Publikācijā ir atspoguļota arī valsts un pašvaldību izveidotā atbalsta koncepcija, nodrošinot bērniem uzturlīdzekļus materiālo vajadzību risināšanai, kā arī problemātika, kas saistīta ar uzturlīdzekļu pierādīšanu un to piedziņu tiesvedības procesā. Undoubtedly, one of the most important questions is the protection of children’s rights. Sanita Vanaga in her article analyses the problem relating to legal framework for material security and recovery of maintenance. Children’s rights to recovery of maintenance is an essential and integral part strengthened in national and international regulations. S. Vanaga analyses the nature and extent of maintenance necessary for the material needs of children dependant on their legal status. The publication also covers the concept of state and local government support providing child support for material needs, as well as problems connected with evidence of maintenance and recovery in proceedings.

scholarly journals Modelling the railway port infrastructure management system

Pomorstvo ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Loris Rak ◽  
Borna Debelić ◽  
Siniša Vilke
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Capacity Allocation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Charging System ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Single Entry

Regarding the organisation of the railway in Croatian ports, the institutional framework on which the railway within the port operates is relatively uncertain with potential conflicts of the national and EU legislation as well as diversities in practical approaches from the governing institutions towards empirical solutions on the field. This paper develops possible models for organisation of the management of rail transport services within the port area in order to research governance mechanism and provide standards of quality of railway operations, which are in accordance with the existing legal framework and on best practice solutions. This models are developed in order to enable several main principles important for port operations and business development such as transparency of the access conditions and service prices, single entry point, services in the rail terminal fully coordinated with the capacity allocation, performance scheme as part of the infrastructure charging system, performance targets in the form of indicators, access to topical reports on the service quality of the service in the port terminal, and implementation of the use-it-or leave-it rule.

scholarly journals The Legal Framework Limitations for the Effective Intergovernmental Relations in Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Rukia Mohamed Pazi
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Intergovernmental Relations ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Favorable Environment ◽  
The Government

Legal framework is very critical for the effective intergovernmental relations in Tanzania. It is through the legal framework where the spheres of the government derive their legitimacy and the manner of interaction. The study finds essential to have a glimpse on legal framework that provides for the existence of Intergovernmental relations in Tanzania. The intention is to have an assessment to see whether the legal framework in place provide a favorable environment for the central government and the local government authorities to work effectively. The study found out that the legal frame is ineffective to enhance central and local relations as it impinges the functionality of local government authorities. The study recommends that policy makers should consider enacting legal framework that clearly spell out the duties and demarcates the rights and responsibility of each party.

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