Oxidative Stress: Role of Natural Antioxidant Compounds

2016 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Vivek K. Bajpai ◽  
Irfan Ahmad Rather ◽  
Shruti Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Natural Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Pathophysiology and Opportunities for Pharmacological Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Teresa Cunha-Oliveira ◽  
Liliana Montezinho ◽  
Catarina Mendes ◽  
Omidreza Firuzi ◽  
Luciano Saso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Pathological Feature ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease or Charcot disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons (MNs) and leads to death within 2–5 years of diagnosis, without any effective therapy available. Although the pathological mechanisms leading to ALS are still unknown, a wealth of evidence indicates that an excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production associated with an inefficient antioxidant defense represents an important pathological feature in ALS. Substantial evidence indicates that oxidative stress (OS) is implicated in the loss of MNs and in mitochondrial dysfunction, contributing decisively to neurodegeneration in ALS. Although the modulation of OS represents a promising approach to protect MNs from degeneration, the fact that several antioxidants with beneficial effects in animal models failed to show any therapeutic benefit in patients raises several questions that should be analyzed. Using specific queries for literature search on PubMed, we review here the role of OS-related mechanisms in ALS, including the involvement of altered mitochondrial function with repercussions in neurodegeneration. We also describe antioxidant compounds that have been mostly tested in preclinical and clinical trials of ALS, also describing their respective mechanisms of action. While the description of OS mechanism in the different mutations identified in ALS has as principal objective to clarify the contribution of OS in ALS, the description of positive and negative outcomes for each antioxidant is aimed at paving the way for novel opportunities for intervention. In conclusion, although antioxidant strategies represent a very promising approach to slow the progression of the disease, it is of utmost need to invest on the characterization of OS profiles representative of each subtype of patient, in order to develop personalized therapies, allowing to understand the characteristics of antioxidants that have beneficial effects on different subtypes of patients.

scholarly journals The Role of Dopamine and Its Dysfunction as a Consequence of Oxidative Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Juárez Olguín ◽  
David Calderón Guzmán ◽  
Ernestina Hernández García ◽  
Gerardo Barragán Mejía
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dopamine System ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Brain

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is produced in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and hypothalamus of the brain. Dysfunction of the dopamine system has been implicated in different nervous system diseases. The level of dopamine transmission increases in response to any type of reward and by a large number of strongly additive drugs. The role of dopamine dysfunction as a consequence of oxidative stress is involved in health and disease. Introduce new potential targets for the development of therapeutic interventions based on antioxidant compounds. The present review focuses on the therapeutic potential of antioxidant compounds as a coadjuvant treatment to conventional neurological disorders is discussed.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Nutraceuticals in the Modulation of the Immune Function: Current Knowledge in Animals of Veterinary Interest

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Colitti ◽  
Bruno Stefanon ◽  
Gianfranco Gabai ◽  
Maria Gelain ◽  
Federico Bonsembiante
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

In the veterinary sector, many papers deal with the relationships between inflammation and oxidative stress. However, few studies investigate the mechanisms of action of oxidised molecules in the regulation of immune cells. Thus, authors often assume that these events, sometime leading to oxidative stress, are conserved among species. The aim of this review is to draw the state-of-the-art of the current knowledge about the role of oxidised molecules and dietary antioxidant compounds in the regulation of the immune cell functions and suggest some perspectives for future investigations in animals of veterinary interest.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Pathogenetic Mechanisms, Opportunities for Intervention, and Role of Human Milk

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Aceti ◽  
Isadora Beghetti ◽  
Silvia Martini ◽  
Giacomo Faldella ◽  
Luigi Corvaglia
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds

This review will examine the role of oxidative stress (OS) in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and explore potential preventive and therapeutic antioxidant strategies. Preterm infants are particularly exposed to OS as a result of several perinatal stimuli and constitutive defective antioxidant defenses. For this reason, OS damage represents a contributing factor to several complications of prematurity, including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Being NEC a multifactorial disease, OS may act as downstream component of the pathogenetic cascade. To counteract OS in preterm infants with NEC, several antioxidant strategies have been proposed and different antioxidant compounds have been experimented. It is well known that human milk (HM) is an important source of antioxidants. At the same time, the role of an exclusive HM diet is well recognized in the prevention of NEC. However, donor HM (DHM) processing may impair antioxidant properties. As DHM is becoming a common nutritional intervention for high risk PI, the antioxidant status of preterm and DHM and potential ways to preserve its antioxidant capacity may merit further investigation.

scholarly journals Acute Diarrhea in Dogs: Current Management and Potential Role of Dietary Polyphenols Supplementation

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Candellone ◽  
Matteo Cerquetella ◽  
Flavia Girolami ◽  
Paola Badino ◽  
Rosangela Odore
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Chronic Enteropathies

Acute diarrhea is one of the most common reasons why pet owners seek veterinary care for their canine companions. In many cases, signs resolve spontaneously or with symptomatic therapy without a specific cause being discovered. However, life-threatening cases can occur. The etiology is complex, including infectious diseases (endoparasites, virus, bacteria, protozoa, fungal agents) by both zoonotic and non-zoonotic pathogens, dietary indiscretion, endocrine diseases, and stress (e.g., travel or environmental changes). In the last years, the role played by oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic enteropathies, independently from the initial noxa, has been highlighted by many researches in both humans and animals. As a result, a series of dietary antioxidant compounds have been studied for their potential use in the treatment of intestinal inflammation. This review summarizes the traditional therapeutic and nutritional options to manage canine acute diarrhea, highlighting the need to explore the role of oxidative stress and potential antioxidant supplementation, especially polyphenols, during acute diarrheic episodes.

792: Role of Oxidative Stress in Tumorigenic Potential of Bladder Cancer Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 214-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cho ◽  
Xiao Fang Ha ◽  
J. Andre Melendez ◽  
Louis J. Giorgi ◽  
Badar M. Mian
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumorigenic Potential ◽  
Bladder Cancer Cells
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