Recovery of15N-labelled fertilizer by sugar beet?spring wheat and winter rye?sugar beet cropping sequences

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Zapata ◽  
O Cleemput
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Winter Rye

scholarly journals Soybean Relative Maturity, Not Row Spacing, Affected Interseeded Cover Crops Biomass

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 441
Author(s):  
Hans J. Kandel ◽  
Dulan P. Samarappuli ◽  
Kory L. Johnson ◽  
Marisol T. Berti
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Crop Biomass

Adoption of cover crop interseeding in the northwestern Corn Belt in the USA is limited due to inadequate fall moisture for establishment, short growing season, additional costs, and need for adapted winter-hardy species. This study evaluated three cover crop treatments—no cover crop, winter rye (Secale cereale L.), and winter camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)—which were interseeded at the R6 soybean growth stage, using two different soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) maturity groups (0.5 vs. 0.9) and two row spacings (30.5 vs. 61 cm). The objective was to evaluate these treatments on cover crop biomass, soil cover, plant density, and soybean yield. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield was also measured the following year. The early-maturing soybean cultivar (0.5 maturity) resulted in increased cover crop biomass and soil cover, with winter rye outperforming winter camelina. However, the early-maturing soybean yielded 2308 kg·ha−1, significantly less compared with the later maturing cultivar (2445 kg·ha−1). Narrow row spacing had higher soybean yield, but row spacing did not affect cover crop growth. Spring wheat should not follow winter rye if rye is terminated right before seeding the wheat. However, wheat planted after winter camelina was no different than when no cover crop was interseeded in soybean. Interseeding cover crops into established soybean is possible, however, cover crop biomass accumulation and soil cover are limited.

scholarly journals Soluble carbohydrates in cereal (wheat, rye, triticale) seed after storage under accelerated ageing conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Agnieszka I. Piotrowicz-Cieślak ◽  
Maciej Niedzielski ◽  
Dariusz J. Michalczyk ◽  
Wiesław Łuczak ◽  
Barbara Adomas
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Seed Moisture

Germinability and the content of soluble carbohydrates were analysed in cereal seed (winter rye, cv. Warko; spring wheat, cv. Santa; hexaploid winter triticale, cv. Fidelio and cv. Woltario). Seed moisture content (mc) was equilibrated over silica gel to 0.08 g H<sub>2</sub>O/g dry mass and stored in a desiccator at 20<sup>o</sup>C for up to 205 weeks or were equilibrated to mc 0.06, 0.08 or 0.10 g H<sub>2</sub>O/g dm and subjected to artificial aging at 35<sup>o</sup>C in air-tight laminated aluminium foil packages for 205 weeks. It was shown that the rate of seed aging depended on the species and seed moisture content. The fastest decrease of germinability upon storage was observed in seed with the highest moisture level. Complete germinability loss for winter rye, winter triticale cv. Fidelio, winter triticale cv. Woltario and spring wheat seed with mc 0.10 g H<sub>2</sub>O/g dm<sup>3</sup> occurred after 81, 81, 101 and 133 weeks, respectively. Fructose, glucose, galactose, myo-inositol, sucrose, galactinol, raffinose, stachyose and verbascose were the main soluble carbohydrates found in the seed. The obtained data on the contents of specific sugars and the composition of soluble sugars fraction in seed of rye, wheat and triticale did not corroborate any profound effect of reducing sugars, sucrose and oligosaccharides on seed longevity.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of various elements of grain cultivation technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 07001
Author(s):  
Fedor A. Popov ◽  
Evgeniya N. Noskova ◽  
Lyudmila M. Kozlova
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Streptomyces Hygroscopicus ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Three Factor

The article presents the results of a long-term stationary three-factor experiment on sod-podzolic loamy soil to identify the effectiveness of various methods of basic and pre-sowing treatment of soil, the use of biological preparations in the technology of cultivating grain crops in six-field crop rotation. It was established that the most profitable elements of the technology in energy and economic terms will be: surface-cut treatment with KPS-4 cultivator and introduction of Azotovit and Phosphatovit biologics into the tillering stage of oat in a vetch-oat mixture for green feed; surface-cut treatment with KBM-4,2 cultivator or with pre-sowing treatment with a APPN-2,1 combined aggregate and introduction of Azotovite and Phosphatovite biological preparations into the soil before sowing winter rye for grain; ploughing with pre-sowing treatment with APPN-2,1 combined aggregate for spring wheat; surface-cut treatment with pre-sowing treatment with APPN-2,1 combined aggregate and introduction of biologic preparation based on strain Streptomyces hygroscopicus A4 at tillering stage of oat in pea-oat mixture for grain-hay; ploughing with KPS-4 cultivator and introduction of Pseudobacterin-2 biopreparation at barley tillering stage; ploughing with pre-sowing treatment with APPN-2,1 combined aggregate and introduction of biologic preparation based on strain Streptomyces hygroscopicus A4 at oat tillering stage.

scholarly journals Effect of crop canopy and herbicide application on kochia (Bassia scoparia) density and seed production

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-284
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G. Mosqueda ◽  
Charlemagne A. Lim ◽  
Gustavo M. Sbatella ◽  
Prashant Jha ◽  
Nevin C. Lawrence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Crop Canopy ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
Germinable Seed

AbstractUnderstanding the effects of crop management practices on weed survival and seed production is imperative in improving long-term weed management strategies, especially for herbicide-resistant weed populations. Kochia [Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott] is an economically important weed in western North American cropping systems for many reasons, including prolific seed production and evolved resistance to numerous herbicide sites of action. Field studies were conducted in 2014 in a total of four field sites in Wyoming, Montana, and Nebraska to quantify the impact of different crop canopies and herbicide applications on B. scoparia density and seed production. Crops used in this study were spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), and corn (Zea mays L.). Herbicide treatments included either acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors effective on non-resistant B. scoparia or a non–ALS inhibiting herbicide effective for both ALS-resistant and ALS-susceptible B. scoparia. Bassia scoparia density midseason was affected more by herbicide choice than by crop canopy, whereas B. scoparia seed production per plant was affected more by crop canopy compared with herbicide treatment. Our results suggest that crop canopy and herbicide treatments were both influential on B. scoparia seed production per unit area, which is likely a key indicator of long-term management success for this annual weed species. The lowest germinable seed production per unit area was observed in spring wheat treated with non–ALS inhibiting herbicides, and the greatest germinable seed production was observed in sugar beet treated with ALS-inhibiting herbicides. The combined effects of crop canopy and herbicide treatment can minimize B. scoparia establishment and seed production.

Liquid nitrogenous fertilizers

1959 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Jameson
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Anhydrous Ammonia ◽  
Considerable Damage

The results show that liquid fertilizers generally gave lower yields of dry matter than conventional solid fertilizers in four experiments on grassland. In seven trials, on autumn wheat, spring wheat, sugar beet and kale, the efficiencies of the two forms of fertilizer were similar.Liquid fertilizers containing ammonia must be injected into the soil and this needs special equipment, more complicated, particularly where anhydrous ammonia is to be used, than the distributors used for solid fertilizers. Running the injector over established grassland sometimes resulted in considerable damage to the sward. When used to top-dress winter wheat across the line of drilling some plants were killed.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers on fertility of sod-podzolic soil, productivity and quality of grain crops

2017 ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Lyskova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Basic Norm ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

Experiments were conducted in 2008.2015 in Kirov region. Effectiveness of liming, input of nitric (N90 kg/ha of acting matter) and increasing dozes of phosphoric fertilizers (50, 100, 150, and 200 kg/ha of acting matter) in complex with nitric-potassium fertilizers (90 kg/ha of acting matter each) on agronomical parameters of soil, productivity and grain quality of winter rye, spring wheat and oat was studied on stationary field experiment. In variant without liming and fertilizing significant acidification of soil was taken place (pH 3.9, Al 9.5 mg/100 g of soil) in compare with initial values (pH 4.5...4.7). Inputting N90P100-200K90 leads to increase in exchangeable and hydrolytic acidity, content of mobile aluminum (up to 13.6.15.4 mg/100 g, and phosphorus (up to 156.209 mg/kg on non-liming and 147.248 mg/kg on liming backgrounds at phosphorus concentration in soil solution 0.56.0.68 and 0.75.1.39 mg/l correspondingly). On the liming-free background, productivity of winter rye was in average 1.92, oat - 3.90, and wheat - 2.26 t/ha; liming increased productivity on 15.27, 13.29, and 16.32% correspondingly. Nitric fertilizers had significant influence in forming of addition yield. In variant N90 on the liming background 1.15 t/ha of winter rye grain, 1.6 t/ha of oat, and 0.78 t/ ha of wheat was gathered additionally and the highest recoupment of fertilezers with grain (12.6, 17.8, and 8.7 kg) was reached. Maximal levels in productivity of cereals obtained in variants with NPK input; tendency to increase in productivity because of increasing dozes of super-phosphate is marked on liming-free background. Nitric fertilizers significantly influenced on content of nitrogen, raw protein and gluten in spring wheat grain; correlation is marked between spring wheat productivity and content of raw protein (r = 0.79) and gluten (r = 0.78) in grain. Test weight of all crops was higher then basic norm independent on fertilizers input.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Influence of Meteorological Factors and Agricultural Background on the Productivity of Spring Wheat Ulyanovskaya 105 in the Predkamye of the Republic of Tatarstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00165
Author(s):  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽  
Razil Garayev ◽  
Albina Serzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Viable Seeds

The most valuable and widespread food crop is spring wheat. Soil and climatic conditions influence the grain productivity and quality. The grain quality is affected by air humidity, insolation, nitrogen content in the soil and agricultural technologies. In 2019–2020, on the experimental field of the agronomic faculty of Kazan State Agrarian University, studies aimed to identify the reaction of the Ulyanovskaya 105 spring soft wheat to meteorological conditions and agricultural background were carried out. The soil was light gray forest, medium loamy. The predecessor was winter rye after pure fallow. Meteorological conditions were favorable for the growth and development of spring wheat. In 2019, the HMC was 1.36, in 2020 – 1.13. The maximum yield in 2019 and in 2020 was obtained with the application of calculated doses of fertilizers when sowing 6 million viable seeds per hectare – 3.0–3.44 tons and 3.67–4.21 tons per hectare.

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