‘Bringing the unclothed immigrant into the World’: Population policies and gender in twentieth-century Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Mackinnon
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World Population ◽  
Population Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
And Gender

Gender Ideology and Fertility: Evidence for a Curvilinear Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Stefani ◽  
Gabriele Prati
Keyword(s):  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
World Population ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
The World ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Research on the relationship between fertility and gender ideology revealed inconsistent results. In the present study, we argue that inconsistencies may be due to the fact that such relationship may be nonlinear. We hypothesize a U- shaped relationship between two dimensions of gender ideology (i.e. primacy of breadwinner role and acceptance of male privilege) and fertility rates. We conducted a cross-national analysis of 60 countries using data from the World Values Survey as well as the World Population Prospects 2019. Controlling for gross domestic product, we found support for a U-shaped relationship between gender ideology and fertility. Higher levels of fertility rates were found at lower and especially higher levels of traditional gender ideology, while a medium level of gender ideology was associated with the lowest fertility rate. This curvilinear relationship is in agreement with the phase of the gender revolution in which the country is located. Traditional beliefs are linked to a complementary division of private versus public sphere between sexes, while egalitarian attitudes are associated with a more equitable division. Both conditions strengthen fertility. Instead, as in the transition phase, intermediate levels of gender ideology’s support are associated with an overload and a difficult reconciliation of the roles that women have to embody (i.e. working and nurturing) so reducing fertility. The present study has contributed to the literature by addressing the inconsistencies of prior research by demonstrating that the relationship between gender ideology and fertility rates is curvilinear rather than linear.

Government and Population: The World Population Conference, 1974

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-692
Author(s):  
Ralph Townley
Keyword(s):  
Academic Community ◽  
World Population ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Population Policies ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The United Nations World Population Conference 1974 will be held in August of next year. It will be a political gathering at which delegates speak for their governments and not as individuals, members of the academic community, or representatives of private organizations. As such, it will be the first of its kind concerned with population The 1974 conference will consider population trends and future prospects. It will take up the questions of the relationships among population and social and economic development, human rights, resources and the environment, and the family. A draft World Population Plan of Action will be considered. It is anticipated that certain parallel activities will be carried out simultaneously with the conference. The conference should succeed in focusing attention on population matters in national and universal perspectives. It should also advance the definition of national population policies and, from the totality of those, an international policy may emerge and find expression in the World Population Plan of Action.

scholarly journals The population control bill, 2021: exploring newer perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3668
Author(s):  
Prerana Nagabhushana ◽  
Avir Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
Population Control ◽  
World Population ◽  
Population Explosion ◽  
Population Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
Net Growth Rate ◽  
Do So

As we observe the World Population Day on 11th July, the current population stands at roughly 7.9 billion in 2021, with India bagging the second place at 1.39 billion. The net growth rate stands at 1.1% or 83 million per year and the projected world population by 2050 is estimated to be 9.7 billion. These figures are alarming to us-the millennials, who grew up writing ominous essays on ‘population explosion’ at school. Governments across the world, historically Romania to more recently China, have adopted population policies to control the rate of population growth to cater to their advantage-either economically or politically. Some of them directly against reproductive rights- to decide freely and responsibly the number, spacing and timing of their children and to be able to do so without discrimination, coercion and violence.

Youth as a Force in the Modern World

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Moller
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Young People ◽  
Demographic Variable ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
World Population ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
The World

The unprecedented number of young people in the world today can be isolated as one of the crucial reality factors conditioning political and cultural developments. Age distribution is only one demographic variable in the complex of social and political life, but the tremendous growth of world population in the twentieth century has magnified its dynamic potentialities. To gain perspective, it will be useful to briefly consider the role of youth in the light of historical experience.

scholarly journals Girls’ Gymnastics in the Service of the Nation: Educationalisation, Gender and Swedish Gymnastics in the Mid-Nineteenth Century

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-69
Author(s):  
Johannes Westberg
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Gender

In the nineteenth and early twentieth century, Swedish gymnastics won a large following across the world. Employing the concepts of educationalisation and gender, I will explore how the physical education of girls was conceptualised and justified in the Swedish system during the latter half of the nineteenth century. Focusing on the publications of Anton Santesson (1825–1892), who was one of the main authors on girls’ gymnastics in Sweden, I will show how girls’ gymnastics was conceptualised as a response to a social, cultural and physical crisis, which was perceived as partly stemming from the detrimental effects of education on girls’ bodies and minds. Girls’ gymnastics was thus construed as vital to the future of the Swedish nation. While men and manliness remained fundamental to the strength of the nation, girls’ gymnastics was vital to women’s rearing of boys and thus instrumental to the development of masculinity in men.

Global Challenges, Local Knowledges: Politics and Expertise at the World Population Conference in Bucharest, 1974

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 215-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Doboș
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
The Political ◽  
World Population ◽  
Final Version ◽  
The Third ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Population dynamics became a key variable of the developmentalist rhetoric during the postwar era. The World Population Conference (wpc) in Bucharest (1974) was marked by open disagreements regarding the interpretation of the relationship between the ‘Third World’s’ underdevelopment and its overpopulation. The main outcome of the wpc 1974, the World Population Plan of Action (wppa) was the product of negotiations and compromises reached by the parties involved. The study deals with the role that the Romanian representatives at wpc 1974 played in the creation of wppa’s final version. The organization of the wpc in Bucharest gave the Romanian delegation a privileged position. The study contextualizes its contribution to the wppa within the particular conditions of population expertise’s emergence in postwar Romania. The study investigates previously unexplored archival fonds (the Archive of Romanian Ministry for Foreign Affairs) and brings into play unknown details of the maneuvers by various actors during the Bucharest conference. The Romanian version of the story adds nuance to the general narrative on the wpc’s outcomes, which presumes a strict separation between the domains of expertise and politics. The article argues that the Romanians’ alternative interpretations of the wppa were not only the result of the political control and ideological conformity, but also an expression of the particular way in which the field of population expertise developed in twentieth-century Romania.

Development of the Jewish religious movement "Khabad" in Ukraine in the 20's of the twentieth century

2001 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
O. V. Kozerod
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Religious Movement ◽  
Important Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Problems

The development of the Jewish religious movement "Khabad" and its organizations in the first quarter of the twentieth century - one of the important research problems, which is still practically not considered in the domestic Judaica. At the same time, this problem is relevant in connection with the fact that the religious movement "Khabad" during the twentieth century became the most widespread and influential area of Judaism in Ukraine and throughout the world.

A Study on Knowledge, Attitude, Awareness and Practice About HIV/AIDS among different age group of Karachi, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-333
Author(s):  
Safia Mehmood ◽  
Sheema Zia ◽  
Nida Aziz ◽  
Omama Sajid
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Population ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

The AIDS is one of the most complicated health problems of the 21st century and it threatens the world population. AIDS spread at an alarming rate. This was a descriptive study to determine the knowledge, awareness, and practice about HIV among different age groups. The study carried out in Karachi, Pakistan during the period of January 2016-april 2016, in which 82 peoples are participated; 65 peoples having age in between 18-30, people’s lies in 31-40 years, while only 4 peoples having age above 40. From which 91% peoples thought HIV is dangerous virus and 51% peoples having misconception that it cause AIDS on initial stage and does not have any effect on CD4+. Majority of peoples aware about transmission of AIDS through intercourse, and during pregnancy. But the study show the high level of misbelieve also in mode of transmission that HIV transmit through sweat, saliva etc. Majority of the peoples have knowledge that HIV-1 is the most common type found worldwide. Also large number of peoples have knowledge that HIV weak immune system by destroying CD4+ and require long exposure to progress AIDS. Less than 15% of peoples strongly agree that AIDS is common in women. This misconception reflex the lack of knowledge and awareness in the HIV transmission and gender relation. Also majority of peoples thought that lack of knowledge is major barrier in the proper cure of disease. So increasing knowledge by awareness programs; sexual prevention; by starting national testing resources and curing poverty will cured AIDS in Pakistan. Newly drugs are introduced which can stop the progression of AIDS.

Coda: The Rosetta Stone

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Schotter
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Digital Code ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Rosetta Stone ◽  
The World ◽  
Western Imagination ◽  
Origin Point

Hieroglyphs have persisted for so long in the Western imagination because of the malleability of their metaphorical meanings. Emblems of readability and unreadability, universality and difference, writing and film, writing and digital media, hieroglyphs serve to encompass many of the central tensions in understandings of race, nation, language and media in the twentieth century. For Pound and Lindsay, they served as inspirations for a more direct and universal form of writing; for Woolf, as a way of treating the new medium of film and our perceptions of the world as a kind of language. For Conrad and Welles, they embodied the hybridity of writing or the images of film; for al-Hakim and Mahfouz, the persistence of links between ancient Pharaonic civilisation and a newly independent Egypt. For Joyce, hieroglyphs symbolised the origin point for the world’s cultures and nations; for Pynchon, the connection between digital code and the novel. In their modernist interpretations and applications, hieroglyphs bring together writing and new media technologies, language and the material world, and all the nations and languages of the globe....

Modernism, Empiricism, and Rationalism

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Squires
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
Irish Poetry ◽  
Dimensional Spectrum ◽  
Culture History ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rule Out

Modernism is usually defined historically as the composite movement at the beginning of the twentieth century which led to a radical break with what had gone before in literature and the other arts. Given the problems of the continuing use of the concept to cover subsequent writing, this essay proposes an alternative, philosophical perspective which explores the impact of rationalism (what we bring to the world) on the prevailing empiricism (what we take from the world) of modern poetry, which leads to a concern with consciousness rather than experience. This in turn involves a re-conceptualisation of the lyric or narrative I, of language itself as a phenomenon, and of other poetic themes such as nature, culture, history, and art. Against the background of the dominant empiricism of modern Irish poetry as presented in Crotty's anthology, the essay explores these ideas in terms of a small number of poets who may be considered modernist in various ways. This does not rule out modernist elements in some other poets and the initial distinction between a poetics of experience and one of consciousness is better seen as a multi-dimensional spectrum that requires further, more detailed analysis than is possible here.

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