Evaluation of the difference between feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected and healthy cats by using clinicopathological parameters, oxidative stress, and total antioxidant power

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sakundech ◽  
A. Kullaya ◽  
W. Aengwanich
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
The Difference

scholarly journals Evaluation of Salivary and Serum Total Antioxidant Capacity and Lipid Peroxidation in Postmenopausal Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Zovari ◽  
Hadi Parsian ◽  
Ali Bijani ◽  
Ameneh Moslemnezhad ◽  
Atena Shirzad
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Objective. In menopause, reduction of estrogen hormone affects oxidative stress process in serum. Oxidative stress in saliva plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of oral diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation in the serum and saliva of premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Methods. In this case control study, 50 postmenopausal women (case group) and 48 premenopausal women (control group) were selected. The unstimulated whole saliva and serum of the postmenopausal and premenopausal women were collected. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the saliva and serum was measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Also, malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) method for serum and saliva. Then, the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS 17, whereby Mann–Whitney test and Spearman’s correlation test were used. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. The postmenopausal group had significantly lower mean serum TAC and higher mean serum MDA than the control group ( P < 0 < 001 and P < 0.01 , respectively). The mean salivary TAC and MDA, however, did not differ significantly between the case and control group ( P = 0.64 and P = 0.08 , respectively). Conclusion. In postmenopausal women, with elevation of serum MDA and reduction of serum TAC, the extent of serum oxidative stress grows, but MDA and TAC levels of saliva do not change.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress in Children with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Dilek ◽  
Deniz Ozceker ◽  
Emin Ozkaya ◽  
Nermin Guler ◽  
Zeynep Tamay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Median Plasma ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Difference

The pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has not been fully understood; nevertheless, significant progress has been achieved in recent years. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathogenesis of CSU. Sixty-two children with CSU and 41 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. An extensive evaluation of demographic and clinical features was done, and serum oxidative stress was evaluated by plasma total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) measurements. The median value of plasma TOS was found to be 10.49 μmol H2O2 equiv./L (interquartile range, 7.29–17.65) in CSU patients and 7.68 μmol H2O2 equiv./L (5.95–10.39) in the control group. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p=0.003). Likewise, the median plasma TAS level in the CSU group was decreased significantly compared to that of the control group (2.64 [2.30–2.74] versus 2.76 [2.65–2.86] mmol Trolox equiv./L, resp.,p= 0,001). Our results indicated that plasma oxidative stress is increased in children with CSU when compared to healthy subjects, and plasma oxidative stress markers are positively correlated with disease activity.

scholarly journals Determination of oxidative stress parameters in fluoxetine users

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 172-182
Author(s):  
Magda Susana Perassolo ◽  
Juliana Raquel Raach ◽  
Tainara Gomes Vargas ◽  
Andressa Schmidt dos Santos ◽  
Natália Alves Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Fluoxetine (FLU), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is the first line in depression treatment and it is involved in oxidative stress (OE). Thus, this study aimed to analyze the OE parameters in patients diagnosed with depression and treated with FLU. Were evaluated 121 volunteers divided into two groups: 58 fluoxetine users (with major depression) and 63 non-fluoxetine users (control group, without major depression). The OE was evaluated by determining the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant power (FRAP) and activity of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). MDA, FRAP, GPx and SOD were dosed in plasma. The influence of age, smoking, alcoholism, comorbidities, use of another drugs and antioxidants in the OE were evaluated. The results were compared between the groups. In relation to the fluoxetine daily dose, MDA presented higher levels in patients using 20 mg daily FLU when compared to the control group, as well as the activity of the GPx enzyme and the FRAP levels. In this way, the use of fluoxetine may interfere with the OE parameters, causing an increase in OE levels.

scholarly journals Comparative study of three rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) clones during the growing season

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Engel ◽  
A. Hegedűs ◽  
Zs. Bodor ◽  
M. Heltmann-Tulok ◽  
É. Stefanovits-Bányai
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Water Steam ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
The Difference

The growth rate of three rosemary clones, `Harmat', 'Salem' and `Horvát', their essential oil content and its components as well as the total phenol content and total antioxidant capacity in their aqueous and ethanolic extracts were compaired. Total phenol content (determined by Folin-Ciocalteau reagent) and antioxidant power (FRAP-value) of aqueous and ethanolic rosemary extracts were measured by spectrophotometric method. The essential oil content was determined from drug by water-steam distillation. `Harmat' showed the most intensive growth through the vegetation period. The total antioxidant power of the ethanolic extracts from all the three clones was similar: a decrease was observed at the end of the season. In most cases more antioxidant compounds were dissolved in the aqueous extracts. The total quantity of phenolic compounds shows a good correlation with the potential extent of stress effects. The difference among the phenol contents of the various clones can be derived from the difference in their tolerance, because phenols have antioxidant effects contributing to protection against harmful impacts. Difference between the two extraction methods (aqueous and ethanolic) is due to the distinct solubility of compounds. Some other components, like essential oil compounds also possess antioxidant effect and in this way they may influence the antioxidant power of extracts.

scholarly journals Comparison of sprint interval and continuous endurance training on oxidative stress and antioxidant adaptations in young healthy adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
GULBIN RUDARLI NALCAKAN ◽  
ECE ONUR ◽  
ARZU ORAN ◽  
S. RANA VAROL
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Oxidant Status

Background: Different intensities of exercise induce varying levels of reactive oxygen species, causing oxidative stress. However, regular physical training enhances the antioxidant system and protects tissues by oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the difference in markers between time-efficient low-volume high intensity interval (sprint interval training: SIT) and traditional high-volume low-intensity methods (continuous endurance training: CET) regarding oxidative stress and antioxidant levels. Material and methods: Fifteen male volunteers were divided into two groups according to their VO2max levels. The SIT program consisted of 4–6 Wingate all-out sprints with a 4.5 min recovery, while CET consisted of 30–50 min cycling at 60% VO2max for seven weeks. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were examined in pre and post-intervention. Results: Increases in GSH-Px (30% vs. 55%), TOS (33% vs. 18%) and a significant decrease in MDA (8.6%, p<0.003; 6.8%, p<0.016) in CET and SIT were observed, respectively. By contrast, TAS decreased (62%) after CET and increased (17%) after SIT. No significant differences in these parameters were reported after the training period between SIT and CET groups. Conclusions: SIT was suggested as a safe exercise model to improve general health and the performance of traditional CET.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaozhen Zhou ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
Dafeng Zhang ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Qiao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
And Control

Numerous studies suggested that oxidative stress (OS) played a central role in the onset and development of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO); however, conflicting results were obtained as to the association of OS-related biomarkers and PO. This meta-analysis aimed to identify the association between these markers and PO, and explore factors that may explain the inconsistencies in these results. A systematic literature search was conducted in relevant database. Search terms and selection criteria were priorly determined to identify and include all studies that detected markers of OS in PO patients. We pooled data with a random effects meta-analysis with standardized mean differences and 95% confidence interval. Total 17 studies including 12 OS markers were adopted. The results showed that superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocytes, catalase (CAT), total antioxidant status (TAS), hydroperoxides (HY), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and vitamin B12 (VB12) in plasma/serum were not statistically different between the PO and control group, whereas significantly increased level of homocysteine (Hcy) and nitric oxide (NO), along with decreased SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), folate, and total antioxidant power (TAP) in plasma/serum were obtained in the PO group. In summary, OS might serve as potential biomarkers in the etiopathophysiology and clinical course of PO.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress indices in ASD children in Sub-Sahara Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishiaq Olayinka Omotosho ◽  
Adekunbi Olufunke Akinade ◽  
Ikeoluwa Abiola Lagunju ◽  
Momoh A. Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background The pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains a medical challenge even in the developed world. Although genetics and epigenetic factors have been variously indicted as major causes of the disorder, development of oxidative stress especially in the formative years of children has equally gained prominence as an etiological basis of the disorder. Oxidative stress is characterized by the production of excessive amounts of free radicals, decreased levels of antioxidants with the attendant imbalance in oxidant/antioxidant ratio. This study was designed to determine the levels of essential metals [magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu)] and toxic metal, lead (Pb), and generation of oxidative stress by their abnormal interaction. Method Twenty-five children clinically diagnosed for ASD according to DSM-IV-TR and 25 neuro-typical (NT) children (controls), (aged 5.96 ± 1.40 years and 6.18 ± 2.59 years respectively) were recruited for this study. Essential and toxic metals were analyzed using induction-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); oxidative stress markers [malondialdehyde (MDA), total plasma peroxidase (TPP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)] were determined using appropriate biochemical methods. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results The levels of TPP and TAC were significantly reduced while MDA was higher in ASD compared to NT. Although OSI was higher in ASD, the difference was not significant. Pb (lead) concentration was significantly increased while Mg, Zn, and Cu levels were reduced significantly in ASD compared to NT. A significant negative correlation between Mg and OSI (r = − 0.438; p = 0.029) was observed in NT. Conclusion Reduction in Zn and Mg levels with a concurrent increase in Pb in children with ASD in this study may be the basis of inadequate TAC manifesting as increased MDA and reduced TPP levels. The attendant imbalance in oxidant/antioxidant ratio may result in abnormality in neuronal transduction leading to the abnormal cognitive and speech functions characteristic of ASD.

scholarly journals The influence of duration on pain stress, oxidative stress, and total antioxidant power status in female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Kanissarinn Sakundech ◽  
Chayanon Chompoosan ◽  
Pongsatorn Tuchpramuk ◽  
Thongchai Boonsorn ◽  
Worapol Aengwanich
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Stress Oxidative ◽  
Hematological Changes ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

Background and Aim: Ovariohysterectomy (OHE) is a common procedure for sterilization of female dogs. However, knowledge of changes in pain stress, oxidative stress, and total antioxidant power status before, during, and after OHE is limited. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of duration on pain stress, oxidative stress, and total antioxidant power status in female dogs undergoing OHE. Materials and Methods: Seven female dogs were sterilized using the OHE method. Pain scores, hematological changes, and biochemical markers were investigated during pre-operative, 3 h after starting OHE, and on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 of an experimental period. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Results: At 3 days after OHE, pain score was higher than on days 7-14 of the experimental period; percentage of neutrophil, 3 h after starting OHE, was higher than during pre-operative and on days 3-14 of the experimental period; percentage of lymphocyte on days 10-14 was lower than during pre-operative, 3 h after starting OHE, and on days 3-7 of the experimental period; neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, 3 h after starting OHE, was higher than during pre-operative and on days 3-14 of the experimental period; plasma malondialdehyde on day 3 was higher than during pre-operative, 3 h after starting OHE, and on days 3-14 of the experimental period; and total antioxidant power on day 14 was higher than during pre-operative, 3 h after starting OHE, and on days 3-10 of the experimental period, respectively. Conclusion: This experiment indicated that OHE caused pain stress, oxidative stress, and reduction of total antioxidant power in female dogs. Finally, female dogs needed antioxidant for 7 days after OHE.

Differential association between circulating testosterone and infection risk by several viruses in natural cat populations: a behavioural-mediated effect?

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. HELLARD ◽  
D. FOUCHET ◽  
B. REY ◽  
A. MOUCHET ◽  
H. POULET ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Sexual Traits ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Testosterone Effect ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Individual Immunity

SUMMARYTestosterone is involved in the development and expression of physiological, morphological and behavioural traits. High levels are often associated with high infection risk and/or intensity, suggesting a trade-off between sexual traits and immunity. Classically invoked mechanisms are immunological or behavioural, i.e., testosterone increases susceptibility or resistance to parasites via an impact on immunity or modulates behaviours involved in parasite transmission. However, studies report contrasted patterns. Given its modes of action and the diversity of host-parasite interactions, testosterone should not act similarly on all interactions. To reduce host and context diversity, we studied 3 viruses in the same cat population: the aggressively transmitted Feline Immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and the Feline Calicivirus (FCV) and Herpesvirus (FHV) both transmitted during friendly contacts. Testosterone had a strong effect on the probability of being positive to FIV whereas its effect was significantly weaker on FCV and FHV. These findings demonstrate that testosterone can be differentially associated with parasites of the same type (viruses). The difference we observed was consistent with a behavioural-mediated effect (increased aggressiveness), supporting the idea that the testosterone effect on infection risk is at least partially driven by behavioural mechanisms in our system. Further investigations (e.g., individual immunity measures) are required to confirm this hypothesis.

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