scholarly journals Brand new norms for a good old test: Northern Italy normative study of MiniMental State Examination

Author(s):  
Giuseppe Foderaro ◽  
Valeria Isella ◽  
Andrea Mazzone ◽  
Elena Biglia ◽  
Marco Di Gangi ◽  
...  

Abstract Aim Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is one of the most used tests for the screening of global cognition in patients with neurological and medical disorders. Norms for the Italian version of the test were published in the 90 s; more recent norms were published in 2020 for Southern Italy only. In the present study, we computed novel adjustment coefficients, equivalent scores and cut-off value for Northern Italy (Lombardia and Veneto) and Italian speaking Switzerland. Methods We recruited 361 healthy young and old (range: 20–95 years) individuals of both sexes (men: 156, women: 205) and from different educational levels (range: 4–22 years). Neuropsychiatric disorders and severe medical conditions were excluded with a questionnaire and cognitive deficits and were ruled out with standardized neuropsychological tests assessing the main cognitive domains. We used a slightly modified version of MMSE: the word ‘fiore’ was replaced with ‘pane’ in verbal recalls to reduce the common interference error ‘casa, cane, gatto’. The effect of socio-demographic features on performance at MMSE was assessed via multiple linear regression, with test raw score as dependent variable and sex, logarithm of 101—age and square root of schooling as predictors. Results Mean raw MMSE score was 28.8 ± 1.7 (range: 23–30). Multiple linear regression showed a significant effect of all socio-demographic variables and reported a value of R2 = 0.26. The new cut off was ≥ 26 /30. Conclusion We provide here updated norms for a putatively more accurate version of Italian MMSE, produced in a Northern population but potentially valid all over Italy.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Periansya Periansya ◽  
Dendy Pratama ◽  
Rosi Armaini

This research is intended as an effort to analyze the budget performance of Regional Apparatus Organizations in South Sumatra Province with a value for money concept approach. This study consisted of the dependent variable, namely the performance of the regional apparatus organization budget, while the independent variable consisted of transparency, accountability, and supervision. The data used in this research is the result of distributing questionnaires to selected respondents in 21 Regional Apparatus Organizations. The sample selection technique used purposive sampling, while the data analysis technique used multiple linear regression. The results of the analysis and discussion of hypothesis testing show that partially transparency, accountability, and supervision have a positive and significant effect on-budget performance, including simultaneously also showing a positive and significant effect on-budget performance, but it is necessary to increase budget performance, this shows that the R2 value is 0.446. or 44.6%.


2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfin Siamena ◽  
Harijanto Sabijono ◽  
Jessy D.L Warongan

The number of taxpayers from year to year increases. But the increase in the number of taxpayers is not offset by taxpayer compliance in paying taxes. The compliance issue becomes an obstacle in maximizing tax revenues. This study aims to analyze the effect of tax sanctions and taxpayer awareness on the compliance of individual taxpayers. The population of this study is determined based on purposive sampling method, the data collected by division of questionnaires in KPP Pratama Manado. The method of research analysis used is multiple linear regression. based on the result of t test, it can be concluded that the tax sanction has positive and significant effect on the taxpayer compliance of the individual, with the value of significance smaller than the significant value (0.001 < 0.05), the consciousness of the taxpayer positively and significantly influence the compliance personal taxpayer, this is indicated by a value of significance smaller than the significant value (0.003 < 0.05).Keywords :Tax sanctions, Taxpayer awareness, Personal taxpayer compliance


Society ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
Sherry Hadiyani ◽  
Abdhy Aulia Adnans ◽  
Ferry Novliadi ◽  
Fahmi Fahmi

This study aims to determine the influence of prophetic leadership and job satisfaction toward organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) on employees of Prof. Dr. H. Kadirun Yahya Foundation in Medan. The study used a survey model involving 64 employees of Prof. Dr. H. Kadirun Yahya Foundation in Medan. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicated that prophetic leadership and job satisfaction significantly positively influenced organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The coefficient of the determinant (R²) of prophetic leadership and job satisfaction showed a value of 0.134, meaning that variation of organizational citizenship behavior is influenced by prophetic leadership and job satisfaction as much as 13.4%, and other factors influenced the rest.


Psico ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Luis Henrique Paloski ◽  
Adriano Medeiros da Cunha ◽  
Camila Rosa de Oliveira ◽  
Marianne Farina ◽  
Valéria Gonzatti ◽  
...  

The objective of this study was to investigate the association of age and education in the performance of cognitively preserved older adults in the d2 Sustained-Attention Test, and to compare the results of different age groups and levels of schooling in this instrument. The sample was composed of 211 adults, 60 years of age or older, who were not institutionalized, and who completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Mini Mental State Examination, the Geriatric Depression Scale (short form), and the d2 Test. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, partial correlations, multiple linear regression and one-way ANOVA. The results of partial correlations and multiple linear regression showed that age and years of schooling demonstrated significant associations with all d2 Test scores, with age being the predictive variable that showed the greatest influence on the performance of the older adults. Comparison of performance in the d2 Test among the six groups according to the distribution by age group (60-69 years and 70 years or more) and by levels of schooling (primary, secondary and higher) showed that younger adults with a higher level of schooling scored better on the d2 Test, suggesting the need for normative data studies for this population.***Idade e escolaridade são preditoras de desempenho de adultos idosos no Teste d2?***O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação da idade e da escolaridade com o desempenho de idosos cognitivamente preservados no Teste d2 de Atenção Concentrada, além de comparar os resultados de diferentes grupos etários e de níveis de escolaridade nesse instrumento. Participaram 211 adultos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, não institucionalizados, que responderam a uma ficha de dados sociodemográficos, ao Mini Exame do Estado Mental, à Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (versão reduzida), e ao Teste d2. A análise dos dados foi conduzida por meio de estatística descritiva, correlações parciais, regressão linear múltipla e ANOVA de uma via (one-way ANOVA). Os resultados das correlações parciais e da regressão linear múltipla revelaram que a idade e os anos de escolaridade demonstraram associações significativas com todos os escores do Teste d2, sendo a idade a variável preditora que demonstrou maior influência no desempenho dos idosos. A comparação de desempenho no teste d2 entre os seis grupos conforme distribuição por faixa etária (60-69 anos e 70 anos ou mais) e por níveis de escolaridade (fundamental, médio e superior) demonstrou que os idosos mais jovens e com maior nível de escolaridade apresentam melhores pontuações no Teste d2, sugerindo a necessidade de estudos de dados normativos para essa população.


Author(s):  
Eulogio Rebollar Rebollar ◽  
Samuel Rebollar Rebollar ◽  
Eugenio Guzmán Soria ◽  
Juvencio Hernández Martínez ◽  
Felipe de Jesús González Razo

Objective: to determine the effect of the variables that impact the supply of beef in Veracruz, Jalisco and Chiapas states, Mexico, from 2000 to 2019.Methodological design/approach: a multiple linear regression model was used; where the supply was the dependent variable and the price of beef, corn price and annual rainfall were the explanatory variables.Results: the dynamics of the beef production in Veracruz, Jalisco and Chiapas were directly and inelastically explainedby its price with a value of 0.89, 0.13 and 0.49; inversely and inelastically by the price of corn (-0.05, 0.005 and -0.05)and directly and inelastically by the state annual precipitation (0.16, 0.01 and 0.21).Study limitations/implications: it is suggested to test the statistical and economic significance with the Cobb-Douglas supply models to contrast their elasticities.Findings/conclusions: the variable that explained the dynamics of bovine production in these Mexican states was the price of the product, while the price of corn was the one with the least impact


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Yaser Taufik Syamlan ◽  
Reti Rahma Easti

<p><em>This study aims to analyze differences in demographic factors towards retirement planning behavior according to Islamic perspective. This research wants to analyze the influence of clarity of purpose, retirement attitude and potential conflict towards retirement planning behavior according to among the Muslim who is working in a conventional bank and the Islamic Bank. The sample used in this study as many as 270 respondents of both conventional &amp; Islamic Banker in Indonesia.   There are two methods that are used in this research which are ANOVA and Multiple Linear Regression. The results identified several demographic variables that were significant such employment status (either working in the conventional bank or Islamic Bank) and income level. Furthermore, some demographic variables do not significant including age, number of dependents and level of education. This research also shows that non-demographic variables such as clarity of purpose, retirement attitudes and potential conflicts affect significantly to influence the behavior of bankers in retirement planning according to Islamic perspective.  In conclusion, the conventional Muslim bankers know that they should manage their retirement according to the Shariah value. However, some of them didn’t believe that the Shariah investment instrument can fulfill their desired retirement goals. </em></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanqun Chen ◽  
Li Lin ◽  
Kun Yang ◽  
Ying Han

Background: Education could offer a protective effect on cognition in individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD), which is considered to be the early stage of Alzheimer’s Dis- ease (AD). However, the effect of education on cognition in SCD individuals with SCD-plus fea- tures is not clear. Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the effect of education on cognition in SCD individ- uals with SCD-plus features. Methods: A total of 234 individuals with SCD were included from the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline (SILCODE). Cognition was assessed across 4 domains (memory, executive, lan- guage, and general cognitive functions). Multiple linear regression models were constructed to ex- amine the effect of education on cognitive scores in individuals without worry (n=91) and with wor- ry (n=143). Furthermore, we assessed differences in effects between APOE ε4 noncarriers and APOE ε4 carriers in both groups. Results : Multiple linear regression analysis showed a positive effect of education on memory, ex- ecutive, and language cognition in individuals without worry and all cognitive domains in individu- als with worry. Furthermore, we found a positive effect of education on executive cognition in APOE ε4 noncarriers without worry and language and general cognition in APOE ε4 carriers with- out worry. Meanwhile, education had a positive effect on all cognitive domains in APOE ε4 noncar- riers with worry and executive, language, and general cognition in APOE ε4 carriers with worry. Conclusion: This study indicates that education has the potential to delay or reduce cognitive dec- line in SCD individuals with SCD-plus features.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Santi Rohmah ◽  
Maria Aghata Sri Widya

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of entrepreneurship education and adversity intelligence on the entrepreneurial intentions of students of University Bhinneka PGRI. The population of this study 41 students and the instrument used was a questionnaire. The sampling technique used is saturation sampling. Data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression. The result of this study indicates that there is a positive and significant effect between entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions with a tcount (2,153) > ttable(2,020) and a significant value of 0,038 < 0,05. Adversity intelligence has a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions with a tcount (2,215) > ttable(2,020) and significant value of 0,033 < 0,05. While simultaneously there is a positive and significant effect between entrepreneurship education and adversity intelligence on entrepreneurial intentions whit a value a fcount(31,216) > ftable (3,23) with a significant level of 0,000 <0,05. The coefficient of determination of this amounted to 0,602. It can be concluded that this study 60,2% is influenced by entrepreneurship education and adversity intelligence. While the remaining 39,8% is influenced by other variables


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nizar Suheil Siregar ◽  
Pesta Ria Andriyani ◽  
Gregorius Bhima Rhessy Wellan ◽  
Sartika Limbong ◽  
M Agung Anggoro

This study aims to determine the effect of the influence of Recruitment, Training and Counseling on Employee Productivity at PT. Telkom Medan access both partially and simultaneously. The research method uses quantitative descriptive analysis.  The population in this study were all totaling 462 people. Data analysis techniques using the F Test, T Test, and Multiple Linear Regression. Based on the results of data analysis in this study shows that partially it can be seen that the recruitment variable (X1) has a tcount of 0.837 and a value of 1.663, then the tcount value <ttable (0.837 <1.663) and a sig.0.00 value <0.405. This means the hypothesis is rejected namely: partial recruitment has no positive and significant effect on employee productivity at PT Telkom Akses Medan. The results showed that the training (X2) had a tcount of 3.254 and a t-table value of 1.663, then a tcount> ttable (3.254> 1.663) and a sig value. 0.00 <0.002. This means that the hypothesis is accepted: training has a positive and significant effect on employee productivity in PT Telkom Akses Medan. The results showed that counseling (X3) had a tcount of 2.974 and a t-table value of 1.663 then the tcount> ttabe l (2.974> 1.663) and a sig value. 0.00 <0.004. This means that the hypothesis  is accepted: counseling has a positive and significant effect on employee productivity at PT Telkom Akses Medan.


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