Bacterial reduction effect of four different dental lasers on titanium surfaces in vitro

Staphylococccus aureus is a ubiquitous and opportunistic bacteria associated with high mortality rates. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is based on the application of a light source and a photosensitizer that can interact with molecular oxygen, forming Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that result in bacterial inactivation. This study aimed to analyze, in vitro, the action of aPDT with Photodithazine® (PDZ) in methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. The strains were incubated with PDZ at 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L for 15 min and irradiated with fluences of 25, 50, and 100 J/cm2. The internalization of PDZ was evaluated by confocal microscopy, the bacterial growth by counting the number of colony-forming units, as well as the bacterial metabolic activity post-aPDT and the production of ROS. In both strains, the photosensitizer was internalized; the production of ROS increased when the aPDT was applied; there was a bacterial reduction compared to the control at all the evaluated fluences and concentrations; and, in most parameters, it was obtained complete inactivation with significant difference (p < 0.05). The implementation of aPDT with PDZ in clinical strains of S. aureus has resulted in its complete inactivation, including the MRSA strains.

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Graphene-Doped Poly (Methyl-Methacrylate) (Pmma) Implants: A Micro-CT and Histomorphometrical Study in Rabbits

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22031441 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 1441

Author(s):

Antonio Scarano ◽

Tiziana Orsini ◽

Fabio Di Carlo ◽

Luca Valbonetti ◽

Felice Lorusso

Keyword(s):

Methyl Methacrylate ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Animal Studies ◽

White Male ◽

Biological Response ◽

Medullary Canal ◽

Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽

Titanium Surfaces ◽

Dental Applications

Background—the graphene-doping procedure represents a useful procedure to improve the mechanical, physical and biological response of several Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-derived polymers and biomaterials for dental applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate osseointegration of Graphene doped Poly(methyl methacrylate) (GD-PMMA) compared with PMMA as potential materials for dental implant devices. Methods—eighteen adult New Zealand white male rabbits with a mean weight of approx. 3000 g were used in this research. A total of eighteen implants of 3.5 mm diameter and 11 mm length in GD-PMMA and eighteen implants in PMMA were used. The implants were placed into the articular femoral knee joint. The animals were sacrificed after 15, 30 and 60 days and the specimens were evaluated by µCT and histomorphometry. Results—microscopically, all 36 implants, 18 in PMMA and 18 in DG-PMMA were well-integrated into the bone. The implants were in contact with cortical bone along the upper threads, while the lower threads were in contact with either newly formed bone or with marrow spaces. The histomorphometry and µCT evaluation showed that the GP-PMMA and PMMA implants were well osseointegrated and the bone was in direct contact with large portions of the implant surfaces, including the space in the medullary canal. Conclusions—in conclusion, the results suggest that GD-PMMA titanium surfaces enhance osseointegration in rabbit femurs. This encourages further research to obtain GD-PMMA with a greater radiopacity. Also, further in vitro and vivo animal studies are necessary to evaluate a potential clinical usage for dental implant applications.

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Long-lasting renewable antibacterial porous polymeric coatings enable titanium biomaterials to prevent and treat peri-implant infection

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-23069-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shuyi Wu ◽

Jianmeng Xu ◽

Leiyan Zou ◽

Shulu Luo ◽

Run Yao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Implant ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Titanium Surface ◽

Polymeric Coating ◽

Antibacterial Efficacy ◽

Polymeric Coatings ◽

Implant Infection ◽

Titanium Surfaces

AbstractPeri-implant infection is one of the biggest threats to the success of dental implant. Existing coatings on titanium surfaces exhibit rapid decrease in antibacterial efficacy, which is difficult to promisingly prevent peri-implant infection. Herein, we report an N-halamine polymeric coating on titanium surface that simultaneously has long-lasting renewable antibacterial efficacy with good stability and biocompatibility. Our coating is powerfully biocidal against both main pathogenic bacteria of peri-implant infection and complex bacteria from peri-implantitis patients. More importantly, its antibacterial efficacy can persist for a long term (e.g., 12~16 weeks) in vitro, in animal model, and even in human oral cavity, which generally covers the whole formation process of osseointegrated interface. Furthermore, after consumption, it can regain its antibacterial ability by facile rechlorination, highlighting a valuable concept of renewable antibacterial coating in dental implant. These findings indicate an appealing application prospect for prevention and treatment of peri-implant infection.

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Adhesion Behaviour of Primary Human Osteoblasts and Fibroblasts on Polyether Ether Ketone Compared with Titanium under In Vitro Lipopolysaccharide Incubation

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12172739 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (17) ◽

pp. 2739 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Korbinian Benz ◽

Andreas Schöbel ◽

Marisa Dietz ◽

Peter Maurer ◽

Jochen Jackowski

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Protein Level ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Sem Images ◽

Human Osteoblasts ◽

Polyether Ether Ketone ◽

Primary Human Osteoblasts ◽

Titanium Surfaces ◽

Ether Ketone

The aim of this in vitro pilot study was to analyse the adhesion behaviour of human osteoblasts and fibroblasts on polyether ether ketone (PEEK) when compared with titanium surfaces in an inflammatory environment under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) incubation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of primary human osteoblasts/fibroblasts on titanium/PEEK samples were created. The gene expression of the LPS-binding protein (LBP) and the LPS receptor (toll-like receptor 4; TLR4) was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Immunocytochemistry was used to obtain evidence for the distribution of LBP/TLR4 at the protein level of the extra-cellular-matrix-binding protein vinculin and the actin cytoskeleton. SEM images revealed that the osteoblasts and fibroblasts on the PEEK surfaces had adhesion characteristics comparable to those of titanium. The osteoblasts contracted under LPS incubation and a significantly increased LBP gene expression were detected. This was discernible at the protein level on all the materials. Whereas no increase of TLR4 was detected with regard to mRNA concentrations, a considerable increase in the antibody reaction was detected on all the materials. As is the case with titanium, the colonisation of human osteoblasts and fibroblasts on PEEK samples is possible under pro-inflammatory environmental conditions and the cellular inflammation behaviour towards PEEK is lower than that of titanium.

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The Effect of Curcumin against In Vitro Adhesion of Implant Device-Associated Bacteria on Nanosized Titanium Dioxide

Journal of Nano Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.23.83 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 83-90

Author(s):

Seung Han Oh ◽

In Young Na ◽

Kyoung Hee Choi

Keyword(s):

Titanium Dioxide ◽

Bacterial Adhesion ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Human Tooth ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Associated Bacteria ◽

Tooth Surfaces ◽

Titanium Surfaces ◽

Main Component

Although titanium dioxide (TiO2) is an implantable biomaterial with its antibacterial activity, infection on TiO2 surfaces remains a problem for medical settings. According to our previous studies, curcumin, the main component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), partially hindered the attachment of Streptococcus mutans to human tooth surfaces. Therefore, it was examined whether several implant device-associated bacteria were able to adhere to nanosized TiO2 surfaces. In addition, the effect of curcumin on the bacterial adhesion was investigated. Bacterial strains were cultured on pure Ti and TiO2 surfaces with various nanotube sizes in the absence or presence of curcumin and observed by scanning electron microscopy. Consequently, most bacteria adhered to Ti and TiO2 surfaces. However, curcumin increased the adhesion of bacteria including S. mutans. The results suggest that bacterial adhesion to implant titanium surfaces can be augmented via curcumin ingestion.

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Spreading of Epithelial Cells on Machined and Sandblasted Titanium Surfaces: An In Vitro Study

Journal of Periodontology ◽

10.1902/jop.2003.74.3.289 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 74 (3) ◽

pp. 289-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Maristella Di Carmine ◽

Paola Toto ◽

Claudio Feliciani ◽

Antonio Scarano ◽

Antonello Tulli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Titanium Surfaces

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Bactericidal Activities of Meropenem and Ertapenem against Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Neutropenic Mouse Thigh Model

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00752-06 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 1481-1486 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

C. Andrew DeRyke ◽

Mary Anne Banevicius ◽

Hong Wei Fan ◽

David P. Nicolau

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Infection Model ◽

Bacterial Reduction ◽

Efficacy Analysis ◽

Percent Time ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Wide Range

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the in vivo efficacies of meropenem and ertapenem against extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates with a wide range of MICs. Human-simulated dosing regimens in mice were designed to approximate the free drug percent time above the MIC (fT>MIC) observed for humans following meropenem at 1 g every 8 h and ertapenem at 1 g every 24 h. An in vivo neutropenic mouse thigh infection model was used to examine the bactericidal effects against 31 clinical ESBL Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and 2 non-ESBL isolates included for comparison at a standard 105 inoculum. Three isolates were examined at a high 107 inoculum as well. Meropenem displayed greater in vitro potency, with a median MIC (range) (μg/ml) of 0.125 (0.03 to 32), than did ertapenem, with 0.5 (0.012 to 128). Seven of the 31 ESBL isolates were removed from the efficacy analysis due to their inability to establish infection in the mouse model. When MICs were ≤1.5 μg/ml for ertapenem (≤0.5 μg/ml for meropenem), similar reductions in CFU (≈ 2-log kill) were observed for both ertapenem (fT>MIC ≥ 23%) and meropenem (fT>MIC ≥ 75%). Ertapenem showed bacterial regrowth for seven of eight isolates, with MICs of ≥2 μg/ml (fT>MIC ≤ 20%), while meropenem displayed antibacterial potency that varied from a static effect to a 1-log bacterial reduction in these isolates (fT>MIC = 30 to 65%). At a 107 inoculum, both agents eradicated bacteria due to adequate exposures (fT>MIC = 20 to 45%). Due to low MICs, no difference in bacterial kill was noted for the majority of ESBL isolates tested. However, for isolates with raised ertapenem MICs of ≥2 μg/ml, meropenem displayed sustained efficacy due to its greater in vitro potency and higher resultant fT>MIC.

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The characteristics of in vitro biological activity of titanium surfaces anodically oxidized in chloride solutions

Biomaterials ◽

10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.07.098 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (33) ◽

pp. 8546-8555 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Y. Shibata ◽

D. Suzuki ◽

S. Omori ◽

R. Tanaka ◽

A. Murakami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Chloride Solutions ◽

Titanium Surfaces

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The influence of titanium surfaces treated by alkalis on macrophage and osteoblast-like cell adhesion and gene expression in vitro

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra10701f ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (99) ◽

pp. 81378-81387 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ting Ma ◽

Xi-Yuan Ge ◽

Sheng-Nan Jia ◽

Xi Jiang ◽

Yu Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

Phosphatase Activity ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽

Related Gene ◽

Titanium Surfaces

The effect of alkali-treated titanium surfaces on inflammation-related gene expression of macrophages and alkaline phosphatase activity of osteoblast-like cells.

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