The growth of entrepreneurial human capital: origins and development of skill variety

AbstractGiven that recent research on entrepreneurial behavior and success has established skill variety as a central human capital factor, researchers, educators, and policymakers have turned their interest to a deeper understanding of the formation of skill variety. Based on human capital theory and the competence growth approach in developmental psychology (highlighting long-term, age-appropriate, and cumulative skill-growth processes), we hypothesize that a broad, early variety orientation in adolescence is a developmental precursor of such entrepreneurial human capital in adulthood. This was confirmed in an analysis of prospective longitudinal data via structural equation modeling and serial mediation tests. We also find that an entrepreneurial constellation of personality traits, but not entrepreneurial parents, predicts early variety orientation, skill variety, and entrepreneurial intentions. By shedding new light on the long-term formation of entrepreneurial human capital, the results suggest that establishing and benefiting from an early variety orientation is not only an important developmental mechanism in entrepreneurial careers but gives those with an entrepreneurial personality an early head start in their vocational entrepreneurial development. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

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Marketers’ human capital resources and job performance

Marketing Intelligence & Planning ◽

10.1108/mip-05-2017-0093 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 124-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nguyen Dinh Tho ◽

Nguyen Dong Phong ◽

Tran Ha Minh Quan ◽

Nguyen Thi Mai Trang

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Job Performance ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Sufficient Conditions ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Firm Level ◽

Data Set ◽

Content Type ◽

Positive Effects

Purpose Positing that human capital resources of marketers comprise both psychological capital (PsyCap) and marketing capital (MarCap), and that PsyCap in combination with MarCap will have a synergistic effect on marketers’ job performance, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the configurational roles of PsyCap and MarCap in marketers’ job performance. Design/methodology/approach Using a survey data set collected from 472 marketers in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, the study tested the net effects of PsyCap and MarCap on job performance using structural equation modeling (SEM). Then, the study investigated the configurational roles of PsyCap and MarCap in job performance employing the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). Findings SEM results show that two components of PsyCap (efficacy and optimism) and one component of MarCap (organizational MarCap) have positive effects on job performance. fsQCA findings reveal that, except hope, combinations of PsyCap and MarCap components form several sufficient conditions for job performance. Research limitations/implications The focus of this study is on marketers, that is, at the individual level. Future research should examine both PsyCap and MarCap at a higher level, such as the team, unit, or firm level. Practical implications The study’s findings suggest that firms should pay attention not only to the net effect but also to the configuration of PsyCap and MarCap when designing and implementing their human resource strategies and policies. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature on human capital resources by confirming the configurational roles of PsyCap and MarCap in marketers’ job performance.

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Who Doesn’t Come Home? Factors Influencing Mortality Among Long-Term Care Residents Transitioning to and From Emergency Departments in Two Canadian Cities

Journal of Applied Gerontology ◽

10.1177/0733464820962638 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 073346482096263

Author(s):

Kaitlyn Tate ◽

R. Colin Reid ◽

Patrick McLane ◽

Garnet E. Cummings ◽

Brian H. Rowe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Term Care ◽

Palliative Care Consultation ◽

Level Of Consciousness ◽

Standardized Reporting ◽

Using Data

Residents of long-term care (LTC) whose deaths are imminent are likely to trigger a transfer to the emergency department (ED), which may not be appropriate. Using data from an observational study, we employed structural equation modeling to examine relationships among organizational and resident variables and death during transitions between LTC and ED. We identified 524 residents involved in 637 transfers from 38 LTC facilities and 2 EDs. Our model fit the data, (χ2 = 72.91, df = 56, p = .064), explaining 15% variance in resident death. Sustained shortness of breath (SOB), persistent decreased level of consciousness (LOC) and high triage acuity at ED presentation were direct and significant predictors of death. The estimated model can be used as a framework for future research. Standardized reporting of SOB and changes in LOC, scoring of resident acuity in LTC and timely palliative care consultation for families in the ED, when they are present, warrant further investigation.

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The Influence of Entrepreneurial Characteristics on the Performance of Tourism Vlogger Entrepreneurs

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.725545 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Qing Xie ◽

Lisha Liu ◽

Haider Malik ◽

Supat Chupradit ◽

Priyanut Wutti Chupradit

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive Direction ◽

Entrepreneurial Characteristics ◽

The Relationship

The current Internet revolution has changed the entrepreneurial opportunities and trends. This study explores the relationship between entrepreneurial characteristics (e.g., innovation, leadership, planning, and sociability) and the performance of entrepreneurial vloggers in India. In addition, this study considers the mediating effect of entrepreneurial intentions. This study is cross-sectional, and it considered 128 entrepreneurial vloggers for the analysis. The SmartPLS application was used to estimate the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis for the estimation of reliability and validity along with the path relationship. The findings are more important as the entrepreneurial characteristics can meaningfully predict the performance of entrepreneurial vloggers in a positive direction. Moreover, the relationship between entrepreneurial characteristics and the performance of entrepreneurs is partially mediated by entrepreneurial intentions. These findings have important implications for vloggers in Indian or other countries with similar nature. This study has also put some future research directions at the end.

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Cross-Lagged Relationships Between Self-Esteem, Self-Construal, and Happiness in a Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000290 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 177-185

Author(s):

Daniela Moza ◽

Laurențiu Maricuțoiu ◽

Alin Gavreliuc

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Time Lag ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Construal ◽

Self Worth ◽

Practical Implications ◽

Independent Person

Abstract. Previous research established that an independent construal of the self is associated with higher self-esteem, which, in turn, is associated with increased happiness. Regarding the directionality of these relationships, theoretical arguments have suggested that self-construal precedes self-esteem and that self-esteem precedes happiness. However, most research in this area is cross-sectional, thus limiting any conclusions about directionality. The present study tested these relationships in 101 Romanian undergraduates using a 3-wave cross-lagged design with a 6-month time lag between every two waves. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that self-esteem is an antecedent of both happiness and dimensions of independent self-construal (i.e., consistency vs. variability and self-expression vs. harmony). In other words, one’s positive evaluation of self-worth precedes one’s self-perception as being a happy and independent person. The findings are discussed with respect to the theoretical and practical implications, along with limitations and suggestions for future research.

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Celebrity Worship Among University Students in Malaysia

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040/a000029 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 334-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Viren Swami ◽

Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic ◽

Khairul Mastor ◽

Fatin Hazwani Siran ◽

Mohammad Mohsein Mohammad Said ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Structural Equation Modeling ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

The West ◽

Factor Solution ◽

Movie Stars ◽

Three Factor

The present study examined conceptual issues surrounding celebrity worship in a Malay-speaking population. In total, 512 Malay and 269 Chinese participants from Malaysia indicated who their favorite celebrity was and completed the Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS) as well as a range of demographic items. Results showed that the majority of Malay and Chinese participants selected pop stars and movie stars as their favourite celebrities, mirroring findings in Western settings. In addition, exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor solution of the CAS that was consistent with previous studies conducted in the West. Structural equation modeling further revealed that participant’s age was negatively associated with celebrity worship and that self-rated attractiveness was positively associated with celebrity worship. Overall, the present results suggest that celebrity worship in Malaysia may be driven by market and media forces, and future research may well be guided by use of the CAS.

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A Short Review on Structural Equation Modeling: Applications and Future Research Directions

Journal of Supply Chain Management Systems ◽

10.21863/jscms/2015.4.3.014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Surajit Bag

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation Modeling ◽

Structural Equation ◽

First Generation ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Short Review ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Multivariate Techniques ◽

Statistical Efficiency ◽

Future Research Directions

The application of multivariate techniques is mainly to expand the researchers explanatory ability and statistical efficiency. The first generation analytical techniques share a common limitation i.e. each technique can examine only a single relationship at a time. Structural Equation Modeling, an extension of several multivariate techniques is the technique popularly used today can examine a series of dependence relationships simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to provide a short review on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) being used in social sciences research. A comprehensive literature review of article appearing in top journals is conducted in order to identify how often SEM theory is used. Also the key SEM steps have been provided offering potential researchers with a theoretical supported systematic approach that simplify the multiple options with performing SEM.

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Cyberstalking Victimization Model Using Criminological Theory: A Systematic Literature Review, Taxonomies, Applications, Tools, and Validations

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10141670 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (14) ◽

pp. 1670

Author(s):

Waheeb Abu-Ulbeh ◽

Maryam Altalhi ◽

Laith Abualigah ◽

Abdulwahab Ali Almazroi ◽

Putra Sumari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Large Scale ◽

Review Paper ◽

Essential Element ◽

Routine Activities ◽

Criminological Theory ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Proposed Model

Cyberstalking is a growing anti-social problem being transformed on a large scale and in various forms. Cyberstalking detection has become increasingly popular in recent years and has technically been investigated by many researchers. However, cyberstalking victimization, an essential part of cyberstalking, has empirically received less attention from the paper community. This paper attempts to address this gap and develop a model to understand and estimate the prevalence of cyberstalking victimization. The model of this paper is produced using routine activities and lifestyle exposure theories and includes eight hypotheses. The data of this paper is collected from the 757 respondents in Jordanian universities. This review paper utilizes a quantitative approach and uses structural equation modeling for data analysis. The results revealed a modest prevalence range is more dependent on the cyberstalking type. The results also indicated that proximity to motivated offenders, suitable targets, and digital guardians significantly influences cyberstalking victimization. The outcome from moderation hypothesis testing demonstrated that age and residence have a significant effect on cyberstalking victimization. The proposed model is an essential element for assessing cyberstalking victimization among societies, which provides a valuable understanding of the prevalence of cyberstalking victimization. This can assist the researchers and practitioners for future research in the context of cyberstalking victimization.

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Military Background and Gender Identity in Psychological Assessment Among College Students: Factorial Invariance of the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms–62 (CCAPS-62)

Assessment ◽

10.1177/1073191121998768 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107319112199876

Author(s):

Arpita Ghosh ◽

Christopher R. Niileksela ◽

Rebecca Janis

Keyword(s):

Gender Identity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

College Counseling ◽

Counseling Center ◽

Factorial Invariance ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Military Background ◽

And Gender

The purpose of this study was to examine the factorial invariance of the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms–62 (CCAPS-62) across military background and gender identity. A sample of 2,208 military students and 2,208 nonmilitary students were chosen from a large database of university and college counseling centers. Using exploratory structural equation modeling, findings suggested the CCAPS-62 is mostly invariant across military background and gender identity. Only three item thresholds appeared to be noninvariant across groups. These results suggest comparisons of scores across military background and gender can be made. Latent mean differences across groups were also examined. After controlling for several background variables, there were some differences between males and females on subscales measuring depression, eating concerns, and generalized anxiety, but no differences between military and nonmilitary students. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.

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Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility Execution Effects on Purchase Intention with the Moderating Role of Customer Awareness

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13084548 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 4548

Author(s):

Qingyu Zhang ◽

Sohail Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Corporate Social Responsibility ◽

Social Responsibility ◽

Purchase Intention ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Sustainable Growth ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Purchasing Intention ◽

Corporate Social ◽

Moderating Role

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) in management domains is a well-known concept that links corporate interests and environmental/community values. CSR is considered a strategic policy that offers environmental and social competitive advantages. Organizations consider that CSR-based goodwill provides a tactical competitive edge and sustainable growth. The goal of this paper is to show how CSR programs affect consumers’ purchasing intention in the context of Pakistan. In addition, the effect of customer awareness has been studied as a moderator between CSR and purchasing intention. To this end, the study has conducted a survey and gathered Pakistani customers’ responses, and structural equation modeling has been used to evaluate the results. The study concludes that CSR activities favorably affect customer purchasing intentions directly as well as indirectly through improving brand image and trust, and customer awareness of CSR activities plays a moderating role. The implications and future research directions are discussed.

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Assessment of Teacher Attitudes Toward Inclusion of Students with Disabilities: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.14.1.51 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 51-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Georgios D. Sideridis ◽

Judy P. Chandler

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Music Education ◽

Students With Disabilities ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Model ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Physical Education Teachers ◽

The Status ◽

Fit Index

The Teacher Integration Attitudes Questionnaire (TIAQ) was developed in order to assess the attitudes and beliefs of teachers (n = 110) with regard to the inclusion of students with disabilities in regular education settings. Using Structural Equation Modeling, the final structural model of the TIAQ comprised four constructs, namely, “Skills,” “Benefits,” “Acceptance,” and “Support.” The final model was fully supported by the derivation sample of music education teachers (n = 54) and produced a Comparative Fit Index (CFI = 1.00). The replication sample of physical education teachers (n = 56) partially supported the generality of the TIAQ, (CFI = .844). Further, the internal consistency properties of the TIAQ (Cronbach’s alpha was .77 for both samples) were satisfactory. We conclude that the psychometric properties of the TIAQ were adequate, and it can be used as a valid assessment in evaluating the status of inclusion for students with disabilities as perceived by music education and physical education teachers. However, future research is needed to support its generality with other groups of teachers and professionals.

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