scholarly journals Serum NMR metabolomics uncovers multiple metabolic changes in phenobarbital-treated dogs

Metabolomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Ottka ◽  
Corinna Weber ◽  
Elisabeth Müller ◽  
Hannes Lohi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Drug Binding ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nmr Metabolomics

Abstract Introduction Phenobarbital is a commonly used anticonvulsant for the treatment of canine epileptic seizures. In addition to its central nervous system (CNS) depressing effects, long-term phenobarbital administration affects liver function. However, broader metabolic consequences of phenobarbital treatment are poorly characterized. Objectives To identify metabolic changes in the sera of phenobarbital-treated dogs and to investigate the relationship between serum phenobarbital concentration and metabolite levels. Methods Leftovers of clinical samples were used: 58 cases with phenobarbital concentrations ranging from 7.8 µg/mL to 50.8 µg/mL, and 25 controls. The study design was cross-sectional. The samples were analyzed by a canine-specific 1H NMR metabolomics platform. Differences between the case and control groups were evaluated by logistic regression. The linear relationship between metabolite and phenobarbital concentrations was evaluated using linear regression. Results Increasing concentrations of glycoprotein acetyls, LDL particle size, palmitic acid, and saturated fatty acids, and decreasing concentrations of albumin, glutamine, histidine, LDL particle concentration, multiple HDL measures, and polyunsaturated fatty acids increased the odds of the sample belonging to the phenobarbital-treated group, having a p-value < .0033, and area under the curve (AUC) > .7. Albumin and glycoprotein acetyls had the best discriminative ability between the groups (AUC: .94). No linear associations between phenobarbital and metabolite concentrations were observed. Conclusion The identified metabolites are known to associate with, for example, liver and CNS function, inflammatory processes and drug binding. The lack of a linear association to phenobarbital concentration suggests that other factors than the blood phenobarbital concentration contribute to the magnitude of metabolic changes.

scholarly journals Circulating fatty acid profiles are associated with protein energy wasting in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ban-Hock Khor ◽  
◽  
Sharmela Sahathevan ◽  
Ayesha Sualeheen ◽  
Mohammad Syafiq Md Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

AbstractThe metabolic impact of circulating fatty acids (FAs) in patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) is unknown. We investigated the associations between plasma triglyceride (TG) FAs and markers of inflammation, insulin resistance, nutritional status and body composition. Plasma TG-FAs were measured using gas chromatography in 341 patients on HD (age = 55.2 ± 14.0 years and 54.3% males). Cross-sectional associations of TG-FAs with 13 markers were examined using multivariate linear regression adjusted for potential confounders. Higher levels of TG saturated fatty acids were associated with greater body mass index (BMI, r = 0.230), waist circumference (r = 0.203), triceps skinfold (r = 0.197), fat tissue index (r = 0.150), serum insulin (r = 0.280), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = 0.276), but lower malnutrition inflammation score (MIS, r =  − 0.160). Greater TG monounsaturated fatty acid levels were associated with lower lean tissue index (r =  − 0.197) and serum albumin (r =  − 0.188), but higher MIS (r = 0.176). Higher levels of TG n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were associated with lower MIS (r =  − 0.168) and interleukin-6 concentrations (r =  − 0.115). Higher levels of TG n-6 PUFAs were associated with lower BMI (r =  − 0.149) but greater serum albumin (r = 0.112). In conclusion, TG monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with poor nutritional status, while TG n-3 PUFAs were associated with good nutritional status. On the other hand, TG saturated fatty acids and TG n-6 PUFAs had both favorable and unfavorable associations with nutritional parameters.

scholarly journals The contribution of foods to the dietary lipid profile of a Spanish population

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Cucó ◽  
Joan Fernández-Ballart ◽  
Carles Martí-Henneberg ◽  
Victoria Arija
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Consumption

AbstractObjective:To identify the food that has the greatest effect on the variation in the percentage of energy intake derived from fat and saturated fatty acids for the consumption of a Spanish population.Design:A cross-sectional study of food consumption, using the 24-hour recall method for three non-consecutive days, one of which was a non-working day. Subjects were interviewed by trained interviewers in the subjects' homes. We used multiple linear regression for statistical analysis.Setting:The citizens of Reus.Subjects:One thousand and sixty subjects over five years old, randomly selected from the population census of Reus.Results:In both sexes, the foods that mainly determine a high consumption of fat are oil and red meat while those that determine a lower consumption of fat are bread, savoury cereals and fruit. The foods that mainly determine a high consumption of saturated fatty acids are red meat and whole-fat dairy products while those that determine a low consumption are bread, savoury cereals and fruit.Conclusions:In our population, feasible variations in the intake of some foods – less than one portion – would reduce the estimated percentage of energy intake derived from fat and saturated fatty acids by a quantity considered important for cardiovascular disease prevention. The periodic identification and quantification of the food that most affects the dietary fat profile will help in drawing up dietary guidelines with more reasonable strategies for consuming a healthier diet and decreasing the risk of developing nutritional disorders.

scholarly journals Metabolomics: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. 106-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Ellul ◽  
Melissa Wake ◽  
Susan A Clifford ◽  
Katherine Lange ◽  
Peter Würtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lipoprotein Subclass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Nmr Metabolomics ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Parent Child

ObjectivesNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics is high throughput and cost-effective, with the potential to improve the understanding of disease and risk. We examine the circulating metabolic profile by quantitative NMR metabolomics of a sample of Australian 11–12 year olds children and their parents, describe differences by age and sex, and explore the correlation of metabolites in parent–child dyads.DesignThe population-based cross-sectional Child Health CheckPoint study nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children.SettingBlood samples collected from CheckPoint participants at assessment centres in seven Australian cities and eight regional towns; February 2015–March 2016.Participants1180 children and 1325 parents provided a blood sample and had metabolomics data available. This included 1133 parent–child dyads (518 mother–daughter, 469 mother–son, 68 father–daughter and 78 father–son).Outcome measures228 metabolic measures were obtained for each participant. We focused on 74 biomarkers including amino acid species, lipoprotein subclass measures, lipids, fatty acids, measures related to fatty acid saturation, and composite markers of inflammation and energy homeostasis.ResultsWe identified differences in the concentration of specific metabolites between childhood and adulthood and in metabolic profiles in children and adults by sex. In general, metabolite concentrations were higher in adults than children and sex differences were larger in adults than in children. Positive correlations were observed for the majority of metabolites including isoleucine (CC 0.33, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.38), total cholesterol (CC 0.30, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.35) and omega 6 fatty acids (CC 0.28, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.34) in parent–child comparisons.ConclusionsWe describe the serum metabolite profiles from mid-childhood and adulthood in a population-based sample, together with a parent–child concordance. Differences in profiles by age and sex were observed. These data will be informative for investigation of the childhood origins of adult non-communicable diseases and for comparative studies in other populations.

scholarly journals Nutritional Quality of Breakfast Consumed by the Low-Income Population in Brazil: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Ramos de Sousa ◽  
Raquel B. A. Botelho ◽  
Rita de Cássia C. A. Akutsu ◽  
Renata Puppin Zandonadi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the nutritional quality of breakfast consumed by the low-income Brazilian population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 1547 low-income individuals attending 36 Community Restaurants (CRs) in Brazil. Food consumption was analyzed by the frequency of food groups presented in the 24 h recall for three days. The nutritional consumption consisted of the analysis of the total energetic value (TEV) and the macronutrients, fibers, monounsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, calcium, and sodium. The nutrients were evaluated considering the percentage of contribution concerning the daily recommendation of consumption. Results: Among the 4641 breakfasts expected to be consumed and reported, 17.2% (n = 797) of the consumers did not consume breakfast. Therefore, we analyzed the 3844 breakfasts. The analysis of food groups showed a high consumption of dairy and cereals, and low consumption of fruits, roots/tubers, and meat/eggs. The percentages of energy contribution of the macronutrients in the TEV were adequate for a balanced diet. The mean intake of monounsaturated fatty acids was low, and the contribution percentages of saturated fatty acids and trans fatty acids were within the recommendations. The mean fiber intake of the breakfast was low, agreeing with the result of low fruit consumption. Calcium intake covered 73.49% of that expected for this meal, and sodium intake was adequate in breakfast. Conclusion: The individuals studied consumed a nutritionally balanced breakfast. Although dairy was one of the most consumed groups, calcium consumption was low, indicating the need to consume higher portions of food sources of this nutrient.

scholarly journals Plasma Fatty Acids in Zambian Adults with HIV/AIDS: Relation to Dietary Intake and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher K. Nyirenda ◽  
Edmond K. Kabagambe ◽  
John R. Koethe ◽  
James N. Kiage ◽  
Benjamin H. Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pufa Intake ◽  
Aids Progression ◽  
Hiv Aids

Objective. To determine whether 24 hr dietary recalls (DR) are a good measure of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake when compared to plasma levels, and whether plasma PUFA is associated with markers of HIV/AIDS progression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.Methods. In a cross-sectional study among 210 antiretroviral therapy-naïve HIV-infected adults from Lusaka, Zambia, we collected data on medical history and dietary intake using 24 hr DR. We measured fatty acids and markers of AIDS progression and CVD risk in fasting plasma collected at baseline.Results. PUFA intakes showed modest correlations with corresponding plasma levels; Spearman correlations were 0.36(p<0.01)for eicosapentaenoic acid and 0.21(p=0.005)for docosahexaenoic acid. While there were no significant associations(p>0.05)between total plasma PUFA and C-reactive protein (CRP) or lipid levels, plasma arachidonic acid was inversely associated with CRP and triglycerides and positively associated with HDL-C, CD4+ T-cell count, and plasma albumin(p<0.05). Plasma saturated fatty acids (SFA) were positively associated with CRP (β= 0.24; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.40,p=0.003) and triglycerides (β= 0.08; 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.12,p<0.01).Conclusions. Our data suggest that a single DR is inadequate for assessing PUFA intake and that plasma arachidonic acid levels may modulate HIV/AIDS progression and CVD risk.

scholarly journals Diet Content of Non-Saturated Fatty Acids is Related to Lower Plasma Adiponectin in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Suárez-Cuenca ◽  
Diana Elisa Díaz-Jiménez ◽  
Juan Antonio Pineda-Juárez ◽  
Alondra Gissel Mendoza-Mota ◽  
Ofelia Dinora Valencia-Aldana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plasma Adiponectin ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Role ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Introduction. The metabolic syndrome (MS) has been related to the unbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines; where adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, is considered to play a key metabolic role. The consumption of certain micronutrients has been claimed to modify pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Aim. To explore whether dietary micronutrients are related with plasma adiponectin in patients with MS. Methods. Cross-sectional analysis. Quartiles of dietary bioactive compounds were compared according to values of plasma adiponectin. Interquartile variation (IQV) and correlation analyses were performed. Results. There was a significant IQV of dietary unsaturated fatty acids (between -50% to -66% of change, p25 vs p75, p<0.05), particularly for trans-fatty acids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, mono-unsaturated fatty acids and w-6 fatty acids, in relation to plasma adiponectin; as well as a negative correlation (rho= -0.53, -0.37, -0.29 and -0.34, respectively; p<0.05). Conclusion. Dietary amounts of unsaturated fatty acids inversely related to plasma adiponectin in patients with MS.

Abstract P233: Plasma essential fatty acids and type 2 diabetes risk: the Hoorn Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Alssema ◽  
Mieke Cabout ◽  
Giel Nijpels ◽  
Coen D Stehouwer ◽  
Peter L Zock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prospective Analyses

Background: A high consumption of the polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) instead of saturated fatty acids is known to reduce CHD risk, but data on the relation between LA and ALA intake and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) risk are limited and inconsistent. Plasma levels of LA and ALA provide a relatively accurate reflection of the intake over several weeks or months, because of the essential nature of these fatty acids. Objective: To investigate the association of the percentage of LA and ALA in plasma lipids with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), post-load glucose (PLG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as markers of T2DM risk. Methods: The study population included 667 Dutch men and women, aged 50-75 years from the population-based Hoorn Study. Baseline data for the current study were collected between 2000 and 2001, with follow-up in 2008. Linear regression models were used in cross-sectional and prospective analyses. Results: In cross-sectional analyses, plasma LA (per %) was significantly and inversely associated with FPG ( B = -0.022 [-0.044, 0.000]) and PLG ( B = -0.096 [-0.155, -0.036]), but not with HbA1c ( B = 0.000 [-0.014, 0.014]), after adjustment for age, gender, total energy intake, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, physical activity, fiber, dietary saturated fat intake, alcohol intake and education level. In prospective analyses, plasma LA was not significantly associated with FPG, PLG or HbA1c after adjustments for baseline glucose. In addition, no significant associations were found between plasma ALA and markers of T2DM risk in cross-sectional or prospective analyses. Conclusion: Plasma LA, but not ALA, was inversely associated with fasting and post-load glucose levels in cross-sectional, but not in prospective analyses. Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact role of plasma LA and ALA levels and dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in glucose metabolism.

scholarly journals Vegetable and fruit consumption associated with anthropometric, dietary and lifestyle factors in Spain

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Agudo ◽  
Guillem Pera ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lineal Regression ◽  
Sectional Analysis

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association of vegetable and fruit intake with several demographic, anthropometric, lifestyle and dietary factors.Design and settingCross-sectional analysis. Information on habitual diet was collected by means of the diet history method. Association of vegetable and fruit intakes with other factors was assessed separately by means of multiple lineal regression and the cumulative odds model.Subjects39 622 healthy subjects aged 29–69 years from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort in Spain.ResultsFruit intake increased with age, education and physical activity and decreased with intake of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol; smoking and alcohol consumption were also negatively associated with fruit, with a very low consumption for current smokers and heavy drinkers. Vegetable intake increased with education and physical activity and with intake of unsaturated fatty acids, mainly mono-unsaturated. Former smokers consumed more vegetables than never or current smokers and non-consumers of alcohol ate less vegetables than consumers, among whom no differences were observed. All these estimates were adjusted by energy and body mass index (BMI).ConclusionsWhen assessing the association of fruit and vegetables with chronic diseases it is important to take into account confounding factors. Furthermore, it would be useful to study dietary patterns including several interrelated factors.

scholarly journals Identification of metabolic indicators for cardiovascular risk in schoolchildren

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Mónica López Palafox ◽  
Luis Celis ◽  
María del Socorro Camarillo Romero ◽  
Amparo Russi ◽  
Araceli Consuelo Hinojosa Juárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Main Determinants

ABSTRACT Objective. CardioVascular Disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of death worldwide affecting people at younger ages every year. The purpose of this study was to identify the metabolic indicators for cardiovascular risk factors in primary school students from Mexico and Colombia. Methods. A clinical, prospective, cross-sectional and comparative study was conducted in Mexico and Colombia to contrast anthropometric measurements, biochemical and dietetic determinations and physical activity. Results. The Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) and the Waist-to-Height Ratio (WtHR) showed significant differences (p≤0.001) between Mexico and Colombia (0.8 ± 0.1 versus 0.5 ± 0.1) and (0.4 ± 0.06 vs. 0.78 ± 0.04) respectively. The Automatic Linear Modeling showed that the main predictors for cholesterol levels were WtHR, MonoUnsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA) and lipids ingestion. For glucose there were four main predictors: WHR, carbohydrates, MUFA and Saturated Fatty Acids (SFA). For triglycerides the pedictors were Products of Animal Origin (PAO), BMI, waist circumference, lipids and cholesterol ingestion and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP). The Weight Estimation tests weighted per gender showed that for glucose levels the main determinants were carbohydrates, MUFA and oils; for cholesterol these were MUFA, PUFA and oils; and for LDL the significant variables were proteins, SFA, PAO and sugars; and last, for triglycerides the main variables were BMI, cholesterol and vegetables. Conclusions. Mexico has higher values in almost all items of cardiovascular risk in children, but both countries have significant percentages of obesity and the population free of cardiovascular risk is minimal.

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